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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cattle blood plasma and red blood cell alpha-tocopherol levels in response to different chemical forms and routes of administration of vitamin E.

The chemical form and site of administration of vitamin E were assessed in cattle by measuring area under the time curve alpha-tocopherol levels in plasma and red blood cells (RBC). In Exp. 1, four groups of Holstein calves, 4 to 6 d old, received daily one of the following forms equivalent to 228 mg of alpha-tocopherol: D-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (DTA); DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (DLTA); D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1,000 succinate (TPGS); and an experimental blend (EB) containing DTA and TPGS. A control group received no supplement. Temporal alpha-tocopherol responses were determined in blood samples collected for 35 d. Relative to controls whose plasma and RBC alpha-tocopherol levels remained unchanged, all supplementation increased (P less than .05) alpha-tocopherol levels in plasma and RBC in calves; the highest levels occurred in those that received either DTA or EB. In a second experiment, five Hereford steers with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a crossover design to determine whether site of vitamin E administration affected plasma alpha-tocopherol levels. A single dose of 810 mg of DTA was placed daily into the rumen, and the same amount divided into five equal doses was given (into the duodenum) during a 12-h period. Plasma alpha-tocopherol levels were higher (P less than .05) when steers were ruminally dosed than when they were dosed duodenally. The results suggest that the alpha-tocopherol concentration of plasma and red blood cells in cattle depends on both the chemical form and on the site of administration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The redox status of the blood plasma in cattle from ecological farming--1. Influence of genotype and age on the antioxidant defence capacity in the blood plasma].

The present study examined the effects of race and age on the redox potential behavior of blood plasma samples. The oxidative stability was studied in the reaction with p-benzoquinone. The investigated animals represented three different cattle races (Limousin, Angus and Hereford), grazed on pasture. The blood samples from clinical healthy heifers (44) and calves (45) were investigated. The following parameters were determined: the start level of redox potential and the level after adding 10, 20, and 30 mg p-benzoquinone to the samples. The analyses of the redox potentials showed the advantage of oxidative stability of heifers compared with calves. The results showed a significant effect of race on the redox potential behavior of blood plasma.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Histamine as a ligand in blood plasma. Part 5. Computer simulated distribution of metal histamine complexes in normal blood plasma and discussion of the implications of a possible role of zinc and copper in histamine catabolism.

Previously physiological experiments carried out on mice have proved that copper and zinc can interfere with the pharmacological effects of histamine that lead to anaphylactic shock. A quantitative study of the interactions between essential metal ions and histamine in plasma was thus undertaken. The progressive approach towards a reliable computer-simulated distribution of the histamine-containing plasma species necessitated a large series of physicochemical determinations of the formation constants of the binary and ternary metal complexes involved. The present paper deals with the determination of the formation constants in the zinc-serine, zinc-histamine-serine, zinc-histamine-lysine, copper-serine, copper-histamine-serine, and copper-histamine-valine systems, which were still necessary to reach the reliable simulation required. The subsequent final distribution of histamine in plasma has thus been computed, and interpreted in terms of a possible role for zinc in assisting the histamine catabolism process. Further computer calculations simulating the increase of the zinc concentration in human blood plasma support this interpretation. The antagonizing role of copper against that of zinc has also been examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Beta-enolase in blood plasma during open heart surgery--comparing with CK-MB and CA-III in blood plasma].

Enolase isozyme composed of the beta subunit (alpha beta or beta beta enolase) is distributed predominantly in the heart and skeletal muscles. Concentrations of beta-enolase (beta subunit of enolase) in blood plasma samples serially taken from 18 patients, who received mitral valve replacement, were estimated by using a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay method and compared with those of CK-MB in the same samples. Plasma beta-enolase levels, that were 6.60 +/- 3.84 ng/ml at the beginning of anesthesia, increased rapidly after reperfusion reaching the plateau more than 100 ng/ml between 2 to 12 hours, showing two peak (116 +/- 45.7 ng/ml at 4 hours and 112 +/- 48.1 ng/ml at 12 hours after reperfusion), and then decreased slowly remaining high levels even when plasma CK-MB levels became normal. The beta-enolase concentrations were significantly higher in coronary sinus samples than in arterial samples early after reperfusion. Since plasma carbonic anhydrase III, which is known to be localized only in the skeletal muscle, did not increase during the surgery, it is suggested that the major portion of elevated plasma beta-enolase levels were derived from the heart muscle. Plasma levels of beta-enolase increased as quickly as those of CK-MB after reperfusion and kept high levels longer than those of CK-MB. These results indicate that the determination of beta-enolase in plasma may be useful for estimating the myocardial damage during open heart surgery.

Carbonic Anhydrases↗
PubMed2006

Changes of fructose concentrations in seminal plasma and glucose and testosterone concentrations in blood plasma in rams over the course of a year.

The present study was performed to examine seasonal changes in the fructose concentrations of seminal plasma and glucose and testosterone concentrations of blood plasma over the course of a year (from November 2004 to November 2005) using 5 Suffolk rams. Osmolality of the seminal plasma was also measured. The fructose concentrations in the seminal plasma increased as the breeding season approached, with the maximum in October (179.8 mg/dl) and the minimum in May (6.9 mg/dl), although there were no significant differences during the year. Osmolality of the seminal plasma in February (304 mOsm) was significantly (P<0.05) lower than in January (325 mOsm), July (327 mOsm), and August (325 mOsm). It was also significantly (P<0.05) lower in November (308 mOsm) than in January and August. The blood plasma glucose concentration in October (79.3 mg/dl) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in January and February (43.2 and 43.7 mg/dl, respectively). The blood plasma testosterone (T) concentrations were significantly (P<0.05) higher in September (8.5 ng/ml) and October (10.2 ng/ml) than in other months. The fructose concentrations in the seminal plasma appeared to be related to the glucose and T concentrations in the blood plasma. These results show that fructose concentrations in the seminal plasma and blood plasma glucose and T concentrations tended to increase during the breeding season, with the highest concentrations in October.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Iron, iron-binding capacity, copper and protein in blood plasma and hemoglobin in the blood of sows before and during pregnancy].

Blood tests were applied to five gilts and twelve adult sows, prior to insemination as well as in the sixth, ninth, twelfth, and 15th weeks of pregnancy. Average haemoglobin values in both groups dropped from 14.0 g/100 ml or 11.3 g/100 ml, at first measurement, to 9.5 g/100 ml in the ninth week of pregnancy. Then regrowth occurred to 12.6 g/100 ml or 12.2 g/100 ml up to the 15th week. The average blood plasma iron levels were 142 micrograms/100 ml or 117 micrograms/100 ml, at first measurement and went up in both groups, between the twelfth and 15th weeks, from 110 micrograms/100 ml to 161 micrograms/100 ml or from 105 micrograms/100 ml to 149 micrograms/100 ml. The original iron fixation capacity values for both groups were 673 micrograms/100 ml or 645 micrograms/100 ml and dropped to 524 micrograms/100 ml or 492 micrograms/100 ml by the 15th week of pregnancy. The copper levels grew from 221 micrograms/100 ml to 305 microgram/100 ml for gilts and from 200 micrograms/100 ml to 236 micrograms/100 ml for adult sows, from the twelfth to 15th weeks. The average blood plasma protein levels had been 7.7 g/100 ml or 8.1 g/100 ml, at the beginning, and went up to 8.5 g/100 ml in either group by the 15th week.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Consumption of fatty fish from the Baltic Sea and PCB in whole venous blood, plasma and cord blood from delivering women in the Aland/Turku archipelago.

The present study aimed to assess the role of fish consumption for the body burden of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in mothers living in the Aland and Turku archipelago in Finland. The overall objective was to investigate whether there exists an appropriate population for a full-scale prospective study on PCB-related developmental effects in infants. Concentrations of the four major PCBs were determined in whole venous blood and cord blood from 30 delivering mothers, of which 20 subjects consumed fatty fish from the Baltic Sea (2.5-12.5 meals per month) and the remaining 10 mothers did not. The concentrations of CB-118, CB-138, CB-153, and CB-180 in cord blood were generally two- to threefold lower than in whole blood from the mothers, but strong correlations were observed between PCBs in the two matrices (r = .67-.80). Neither the venous blood nor cord blood concentrations of PCBs, however, were correlated with stated fish intake. Moreover, the concentration of CB-153 in plasma was only weakly associated with fish intake, and the level of organic mercury in erythrocytes was not correlated with fish intake at all. The present results of CB-153 concentrations in women's blood are lower than those reported in other recent investigations. A reasonable contributing explanation is the rapid decline during the last decades of PCB in Baltic Sea fish, which has resulted in less impact of fish intake on the body burdens of PCB in relatively young women (median 30 yr in the present study) as compared with older females. The relatively low PCB levels in blood taken together with the low number of yearly deliveries in the archipelago population makes it an inappropriate study base for a prospective study of PCB-related health effects in infants.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Isolation and characteristics of the DNA of donor and systemic lupus erythematosus patient blood plasma].

DNA from blood plasma of healthy donors and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was isolated by various techniques. Adsorption chromatography of hydroxyapatite with subsequent deproteinization has shown that DNA of blood plasma from both healthy donors and patients with SLE is associated with serum protein and is low-molecular. This combination (DNA--protein) is resistant to the action of nuclease but susceptible to pronase. DNA that circulates in blood of SLE patients in conjunction with immunoglobulins is high-molecular as compared to DNA associated with other serum proteins.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Production by fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Acremonium, Verticillium of extracellular proteases which coagulate blood plasma and lyse blood clots].

Among 24 fungal strains belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Acremonium and Verticillium, eight strains synthesized proteases with the coagulating activity. The most active strains producing such proteases were found among Aspergillus species. The fibrinolytic activity was detected in 12 strains of the fungi. Proteases with the fibrinolytic activity differed in their sensitivity to plasma inhibitors and the least sensitive proteases were found in A. niger and A. flavus. Some fungal strains synthesized proteases with the fibrinolytic activity exerting an indirect action. Such enzymes activated the conversion of blood profibrinolysin into fibrinolysin in a manner similar to that of staphylokinase, urokinase and trypsin.

Acremonium↗