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Continual recirculation and filtration of drinking water prevents the contamination that often mars automatic watering systems by removing algae and fluorescent pseudomonads. Without filtration and recirculation, the algae were clearly visible after 40 days use, and the fluorescent pseudomonad count rose from 10(1) to 10(5) per ml after 72 h use.
A new equipment for automatic analysis of prolonged EEG derivations is demonstrated. Spikes, waves and SW-combinations are detected and counted separate; counted EEG signals are written with paper speed of 25 mm per sec. Results of a 3-channel-derivation with 1-channel-analysis are shown in a time compressed graphic demonstration. The method gives better information about pathological EEG-signals of one hour or more in epileptic patients, drug effects can be demonstrated easily, and detection of pathological EEG signals is simplified.
Automatic ECG processing has now passed beyond the experimental stage into the realm of clinical practice. It offers the most advanced solution to the organisation problems faced by ECG laboratories, particularly in large hospitals. A centralised laboratory for this work was first set up in Italy in 1973 at the Udine Regional Hospital. Its instrumentation and organisation are described and a consecutive sample of 1000 ECGs culled from the 50,000 computerised since its inception are discussed.
A new method is presented to check several automatic exposure control systems (AEC) for their suitability in radiological image production. It is based on measurements of dose and density with water as an absorbing and scattering medium. The characteristic curves of an AEC can be recorded, i.e., in what way is the dose K in the image receptor plane regulated by the AEC in dependence on the different radiation qualities and the specific water volume. These characteristics can be compared with several screen-film systems (SFS), i.e., which dose K is required by the SFS in dependence on the X ray tube voltage (kV) to get the net density of Dn = 1.00. It is possible to check the way of operating of an AEC with sufficient accuracy but less time and energy are needed. The disparity of the characteristics of AEC and SFS and their results on radiological examination are discussed.
Automatic methods have been applied to interpretation of macromolecular difference Patterson. These methods combined with Fourier recycling can also be used for structure determination of organic structures. Test calculations with programs XFPM and XFPL showed that these methods are useful alternative to traditional methods.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To make a rational decision as to which screening test might be adequate as a universal newborn hearing screening, different methods have to be tested under "real-life" conditions. In addition, a good reference is required as "golden standard." PATIENTS/METHODS: In the study presented here, an ABR with a novel algorithm for threshold-estimation was optimized and compared to TEOAE (Echoscreen) and DPOAE (GSI 60) in a three-step protocol using a standard click-evoked ABR (Evoselect) as reference of sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: 26 ears were found to be hearing-impaired. All of them were also detected by each of the screening method (sensitivity 100%). Specificity in the final "step 2" of the study was around 87.7/92.3% for Echoscreen, 82.4/84.4% for DPOAE and 82.4/89.1 for Evoflash (left/right, respectively). Differences were not at all significant (X2-test, p > > 0.05). In summary, results were somewhat inferior to those found by other authors, probably due to more difficult conditions in the "real-life" setting. CONCLUSIONS: A higher rate of false-alarm shows that a two-step screening is necessary. Therefore, increased resources for diagnostic procedures are required.
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This work is concerned with the cleaning and disinfection by heat of stainless-steel and polypropylene bedpans, which had been soiled with either a biological contaminant, human serum albumin (HSA) labelled with technetium-99m 99m(Tc), or a bacteriological contaminant, streptococcus faecalis mixed with Tc-labelled HSA. Results of cleaning and disinfection achieved with a Test Machine and those achieved by procedures adopted in eight different wards of a general hospital are reported. Bedpan washers installed in wards were found to be less efficient than the Test Machine, at least partly because of inadequate maintenance. Stainless-steel and polypropylene bedpans gave essentially the same results.
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