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PubMedDate not supplied

The practice of honor crimes: a glimpse of domestic violence in the Arab world.

Domestic violence, especially violence against women, is a serious health problem in the United States and in many countries of the world. However, information on violence against women in the Arab culture is scarce. The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate the incidence of violence against women in one Middle Eastern country. The focus of the research is to determine the cultural context in which violent crimes against women are committed and the social and legal implications of such crimes. The research method included: (1) a review of all court files of women murdered during 1995 in the country of Jordan and, (2) the social norms and sanctions against persons who commit crimes against women. Of 89 homicide cases reviewed, 38 involved female victims. Analysis of the court files of the 38 murdered women indicated that a male relative of the female victim, primarily the brother, committed the majority of the murders. The most common cause for the murders provided in the files was "honor crime." Honor crime was defined as crime committed against women by their male family members because the women had violated the honor of their family. Cultural norms and practices including the legal practices related to honor crimes support the practice of killing women for sexual misconduct and excuse perpetrators of the crimes from punishment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urbanization and national development: the quest for appropriate human settlement policies in the Arab world.

"The subject matter of this paper is policy perspectives of human settlement of the Arab countries in the light of the rapid urbanization trends largely resulting from the economic growth of the last two decades or so.... Section A analyzes the human settlement structure of the Arab countries and the urbanization processes of the recent past, and Section B picks up the threads from various documents and field observation to see what certain countries have done to solve the emerging problems and what directions their policies might take in the future." The paper is based on aggregate national data for 20 countries and on case studies of Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Sudan, and Tunisia.

Africa↗
PubMed1994

A systems approach to the design and planning of hospitals in the Arab world.

The aim of this paper is to propose a 'planning framework' which offers a contemporary methodology for the accomplishment of reasonable and virtually fail-safe goals for the design and construction of Arab hospitals. The methodology can serve where economic conditions vary, from the very wealthy Gulf States to the presently very poor economy of the Sudan. Hospital programmes, which reflect so closely the essential features of their respective culture, will have to be carefully adopted to the conditions prevailing in each country. The hospital design team must recognize the importance of the influence of its country's cultural heritage on the evolution of hospitals in the future. Two central topics have been discussed: the 'healthcare building' and the 'building process', both of which can be affected by how information is assembled and how it is presented. The presentation of information for clarity is an essential part of logically translating thought into constructive action. The process is enhanced by a 'systems approach', an integration of an orderly presentation of facts with an orderly presentation of design components, using an orderly time-sensitive methodology.

Architecture↗