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The World Hypertension League (WHL) International Art Competition started in 1991. The idea was to raise public awareness regarding hypertension prevention and treatment through unconventional means: Art. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the experience the WHL gained during preparation and follow-up activities of the Competition with emphasis on communication processes.
The signs and symptoms of an impending cardiac arrest and the appropriate interventions are two concepts that need to be taught in the American Heart Association's Basic Life Support (BLS) course. CPR education is also required annually for all hospital employees who are direct caregivers. Developing teaching strategies that renew interest in the content and facilitate learning and retention is a challenge for BLS instructors. "The Story of Art" and "Prudent Art" utilize narrative and visual images to teach the signs and symptoms of an impending cardiac arrest and appropriate interventions. This article describes the development of this creative learning experience.
This paper reviews the studies for workers and craftsmen established in Granada early in the liberal period. In 1533, the teachings of the Conservatorio de Artes (Art School) of Madrid were extended to various Spanish cities with a view to providing industrial workers with basic education. In Granada, a Geometry and Mechanics chair and an Applied Chemistry chair were established under the control of the Soviedad Económica de Amigos del Pais. These chairs were held by Javier de Hore and Francisco de Paula Montells y Nadal, respectively. Although aimed at educating workers and craftsmen, few of these attended the lectures because the teaching level was too high for them. In fact, most of the attendees were university students. In 1837, Sociedad Económica ceased to manage the professorships, and only the Chemistry chair continued to operate; however, its studies grew gradually closer to the university curriculum (so much so that they were easily recognized by the University). In 1845, the holder of the Chemistry chair, Montells, was appointed Professor of Chemistry at the Philosophy Faculty of the University of Granada, which led to the eventual disappearance of the education programme for craftsmen in the city.
This paper explores the influence of visual sources on Roger N. Shepard's 1971 mental rotation experiments and the centrality of ambiguity as one of his experimental and artistic concerns. Sources include Shepard's statements about ambiguity as expressed in the book, Mind Sights, and a recent interview. Parallel investigations of ambiguity by the contemporary artists Al Held and Robert Smithson are considered. Shepard utilized a wide range of visual sources while formulating his experimental design, namely Necker cube illusions, hypnopompic images, René Magritte, and M.C. Escher. In addition, he drew upon key art historical theses of the time, such as Ernst Gombrich's theories about schemas. For Shepard as for Gombrich, the world of appearances is a world of ambiguity.
An art therapy experiment involving 10 weekly sessions for six latency-age emotionally disturbed boys produced marked improvements in peer relationships and socialization skills.
The paper analyzes different forms of oral folk art, dealing with the problem of lice and pediculosis, which were collected by V.I. Dal and given in his two-volume collected works "Proverbs of the Russian people".
This document summarizes recommendations from a state-of-the-art conference convened to evaluate the role of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Data from controlled clinical trials of zidovudine, didanosine, and zalcitabine were reviewed by an expert panel, which then formulated guidelines to assist clinicians and HIV-infected patients in the use of these agents. Recommendations were framed in the context of clinical scenarios for patients with asymptomatic HIV infection who have not had prior antiretroviral therapy; those with signs and symptoms of HIV-related disease who have not received prior therapy; clinically stable patients who are tolerating initial zidovudine therapy; patients experiencing clinical progression while on zidovudine therapy; and those who are intolerant of antiretroviral therapy. The panel concluded that physicians need to integrate up-to-date scientific knowledge with other relevant needs to improve the care of HIV-infected patients.
Fertility treatment in the UK takes place within a strict regulatory framework that represents the outcome of legislative decisions aimed at protecting the interests of both patients and the public, whilst maximizing the acceptable reproductive options available to them. The role and responsibilities of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority are described and illustrated in the context of the complementary domains of the lawmakers on the one hand and clinicians on the other. The constitution of the HFEA - its multidisciplinary membership, internal committee structure and the function of its officers - is characterized as a mechanism that ensures that relevant perspectives inform its decision-making whilst guarding against the charge of partiality. Through the Code of Practice it produces and the licensing system it operates, the HFEA both protects and supports good clinical decision-making within the ART community.
Examples of a few objects are presented, where the electron microprobe has proved that it can provide the conservator and the curator with information that will help in evaluating the authenticity of a particular art object. They will also obtain a better understanding of how an object was fabricated and what materials it was made from. The results of the analysis of paint samples, samples from metal artifacts, as well as specimens from marble sculptures, are described.
In recent years, nursing literature has shown a growing interest in the use of the arts as a teaching medium in nurse education. This interest has been further fostered by the advent of the curriculum revolution, which has underlined the need for nurse educationalists to attempt more innovative teaching strategies in helping their students develop caring skills. However, little has been done to establish the extent to which this medium is actually being used by teachers. The authors report on a survey which was carried out across Northern Ireland to gather evidence on the use of this strategy from teachers of nursing, midwifery and health visiting.
The 2005 American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) Winter Symposium entitled 'The Art and Science of Immunosuppression' explored ways to maximize existing immunosuppressive protocols and to develop new strategies incorporating novel agents and emerging diagnostic technologies to customize immunosuppression and reduce side effects. Several presentations evaluated steroid withdrawal or avoidance protocols reflecting the significant difficulties of bone loss, glucose control and growth retardation in children associated with long-term steroid use. Calcineurin-inhibitor related renal dysfunction of both native and transplanted kidneys was identified as significant, but no consensus was reached concerning effective prevention. Similarly, recurrence of Hepatitis C following liver transplantation was identified as problematic without identifying a preferred immunosuppressive regimen in this setting. Control of T-cell mediated rejection was found to be excellent, but recognition and treatment of non-T cell causes of allograft damage (i.e. B- or NK-cell mediated) was identified as an area of current interest. Immunosuppressive agents under development, such as those blocking co-stimulation or cytokine signals, and JAK-3 inhibitors were discussed. Finally, the available technologies for molecular and genetic diagnostics and the clinical correlation in the post-transplant setting were discussed.
How a society regulates Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART) depends on cultural context. The challenge for the regulatory regime is to balance protection for patients and society with freedom for medico-scientific creativity. Neither an exclusively market-regulated nor a peer-regulated approach is realistic politically, or desirable socially, ethically and legally. Legitimate social issues that go beyond the exclusive expertise of doctors and scientists or market choice by patients need to be accommodated within the regulatory regime. Within this context, four key issues are discussed: the lack of a shared social ethic that helps the needs of the community to be balanced against those of its individual members; the negative impact of intrusive external regulation on scientists and doctors; the requirement for doctors and scientists to review their professional structures reflectively and critically if they are to be entrusted with peer-regulation; and the desirability of constructive dialogue between regulators and regulated rather than the use of coercion and criminal sanctions.
On studying the state of the art in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery there are two different aspects that have achieved very different levels of advance and progress: the organisation and establishment of this speciality, and scientific and technical progress. In an analysis of the former. The author outlines the principal problems facing Plastic Surgery in Portugal, the present shortcomings and the almost complete lack of coherent planning, and the prevailing rules for the training of new specialists. A study of the second aspect reveals manifest progress and innovation in many areas of this speciality. The Author describes in greater detail, controlled tissue growth, innovations with flaps, principally facial-cutaneous and inverted flow, advances in the remodelling of the face where there are many examples of implantation of material, modelling osteotomy and surgical interventions in the field of muscular dynamics, and lipo-aspiration which has extended horizons in both Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
On studying the state of the art in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery there are two different aspects that have achieved very different levels of advance and progress: the organisation and establishment of this speciality, and scientific and technical progress. In an analysis of the former. The author outlines the principal problems facing Plastic Surgery in Portugal, the present shortcomings and the almost complete lack of coherent planning, and the prevailing rules for the training of new specialists. A study of the second aspect reveals manifest progress and innovation in many areas of this speciality. The Author describes in greater detail, controlled tissue growth, innovations with flaps, principally facial-cutaneous and inverted flow, advances in the remodelling of the face where there are many examples of implantation of material, modelling osteotomy and surgical interventions in the field of muscular dynamics, and lipo-aspiration which has extended horizons in both Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
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