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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Alopecia mucinosa. Report of a case with diffuse alopecia and normal-appearing scalp skin.

A 69-year-old man had reversible generalized thinning of the scalp hair and normal-appearing scalp skin that proved to be secondary to follicular mucinosis. This case illustrates that when mild degrees of follicular degeneration and inflammation occur in this disorder, physical findings other than alopecia may be absent. In rare instances, follicular mucinosis can occur as a chronic diffuse noncicatricial alopecia.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Alopecia neoplastica without alopecia: a unique presentation of breast carcinoma scalp metastasis.

The scalp is a relatively common site of cutaneous metastasis. The usual presentation is of single or multiple firm scalp nodules. A well-recognized but rarer presentation is alopecia neoplastica that is seen as single or multiple areas of cicatricial alopecia. We describe a unique presentation of scalp metastasis in a patient with breast carcinoma in whom hair loss was clinically inconspicuous. The metastasis responded to combination chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

A clinicopathologic study of scarring alopecia due to lichen planus: comparison with scarring alopecia in discoid lupus erythematosus and pseudopelade.

The clinicohistologic findings in 68 patients with lichen planus scarring alopecia (LP) were compared with those of 25 patients with discoid lupus erythematosus of the scalp (DLE) and 25 with pseudopelade (PP). The combination of diffuse scaling, erythema, telangiectases, and mottled hyperpigmentation within areas of scarring alopecia was a distinctive feature of DLE, whereas the clinical picture of PP was indistinguishable from that seen in 29 patients with LP. In most patients with LP, the histologic changes involved only the follicles and the perifollicular dermis. Less frequently, the inflammatory process extended to the epidermis and the papillary dermis. In all cases, histopathologic features allowed LP to be distinguished from DLE regardless of the stage of the disease. The finding of a bandlike fibrotic thickening of the papillary dermis accompanied by fibrotic tracts at sites of destroyed follicles appeared to be a hallmark of "burnt out" lesions of LP. This histologic clue may be helpful in achieving a specific diagnosis of LP in cases that fulfill the clinical criteria for PP.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Alopecia areata associated with myasthenia gravis and thymoma: a case of alopecia with marked improvement following thymectomy and high level prednisolone administration.

A 57-year-old Japanese woman who suffered from alopecia areata associated with myasthenia gravis (MG) and thymoma responded well to thymectomy and high doses of glucocorticosteroid administration. Several treatments for alopecia areata including administration of systemic prednisolone were attempted, but loss of hair on the scalp progressed. After thymectomy and high level glucocorticosteroid administration for MG, the lesions on the scalp improved within four weeks. Consequently, we suggest that this thymectomy and high level glucocorticosteroid administration assisted in improving the immune dysfunction causing the alopecic lesions in this patient.

Alopecia Areata↗
PubMed1992

Failure of passive transfer of serum from patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis to inhibit hair growth in transplants of human scalp skin grafted on to nude mice.

We have previously demonstrated regrowth of hair in scalp skin grafts taken from patients with alopecia areata (AA) and alopecia universalis (AU) following engraftment on to nude mice. This present study was to determine whether serum from patients with AA and AU, has a role in the process of hair loss and the role of antibodies and complement. Forty mice were grafted with transplants obtained from seven patients. One group of the grafted mice was given patients' serum and another group normal serum. The mice were treated topically with cyclosporin (CyA), or olive oil. Hair growth was noted in most grafts and intravenous injections of serum did not prevent or inhibit this process. Immunofluorescence studies before grafting showed deposition of immunoglobulins and complement in hair follicles in both normal and affected scalp skin, but a more striking deposition was noted in the affected skin. Deposition of immunoreactants after grafting was observed only after the injection of serum from the patients but not with normal serum. Thus the sera from patients with AA or AU, when injected into nude mice with hair transplants from the scalp skin of patients with these disorders, does not alter the hair growth despite deposition of immunoreactants around the hair follicles.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1981

T cell subpopulations and their functions in vitro. A study in patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis.

T lymphocyte subpopulations and their in vitro activities were determined in patients with alopecia areata (AA) and alopecia universalis (AU). The frequencies of T cells with receptors for IgG and T cells with receptors for IgM were determined in 16 cases. The IgG and IgM production of B lymphocytes cocultured with autologous and allogeneic T lymphocytes in the presence of PWM was determined in 12 and 9 cases, respectively, and the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of unfractionated lymphocytes was examined in 6 cases. Patients with AA and AU had a higher proportion of Tg cells and more pronounced ADCC of unfractionated peripheral lymphocytes than normal persons. Furthermore, PWM-induced Ig production of B lymphocytes in the presence of autologous T lymphocytes seemed to be lower than that of controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Hair transplantation. The use of hairbearing compound grafts for correction of alopecia due to chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, traumatic alopecia, and male pattern baldness.

In this study 8 patients with alopecia due to chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (CDLE), 10 patients with traumatic alopecia (TA), and 12 patients with male pattern baldness (MPB) were treated with the punch graft method (PGM). Stastistical evaluations of the results and factors influencing the results were careied out. The mean survival rate of hairs was 72% in CDLE, 97% in TA, and 104% in MPB. The mean number of hairs in a 4 mm graft before transplantation in 30 patients and 752 grafts was found to be 18.2. This is far more than the number reported in previous publications concerning PGM owing probably to the difficulties of counting several hairs simultaneously emerging from the same pilary canal when the hair is cut to a length of 1--2mm preoperatively. For this purpose the author has developed a special photographical magnifying system. The number of hairs surviving transplantation in MPB in a 4 mm graft was about 19 hairs per graft, which is superior to previous reports. This is possibly due to some modifications of the procedure made by the author. In a control series done with the same technique as that often seen in the literature, about 50% inferior results were obtained. These results were however similar to those reported in the literature. Consequently the modifications of the procedure have been successful. Only one article with a series of 12 patients with TA treated with PGM was found in the literature. The hair survival results of the author exeeded the reported results by about 100%. The size, hardness, and elevation of the scars of the donor holes were checked statistically after various treatments. It was found that the diameter of the scar is the same regardless of type of treatment but that a signifcantly greater risk of hard and elevated scars is taken if the bald grafts are put back in the donor holes. No complications were seen in this series. PGM is a safe method that gives good hair survival results on transplanted hairs in MPB and TA, but the results vary in CDLE. In spite of the good results with PGM the author emphasizes that, although the therory of the method is simple, both the preoperative judement and the performance with its practical difficulties and many cosmetic problems is complex and requires a lot of psychological insight, practice and experience before correct preoperative judgement and a maximally good cosmetic result can be achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Centennial Paper. Alopecia mucinosa. Inflammatory plaques with alopecia characterized by root-sheath mucinosis. By Hermann Pinkus, M.D., Arch Dermatol 1957.

Six cases are presented which exhibit a peculiar type of follicular degeneration leading to alopecia and characterized by edema and the presence of mucin in the outer root sheath and sebaceous gland. This is accompanied by varying degrees of inflammation. The clinical lesions are sharply defined plaques which enlarge slowly and seem to be curable by relatively small doses of x-ray therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical treatment of male pattern alopecia (androgenic alopecia).

The causes and potential causes of androgenic alopecia in men and women are discussed. The scientific attempts at reversing this process are detailed including use of estrogen, thyroid, progesterone, and minoxidil. At present, the practical approach for the clinician is to ascertain in females that an androgen overproduction syndrome is not present. A therapeutic trial of topical progesterone at a 2%-5% concentration appears to be reasonable when the physician and patient appreciate the limitations of this approach.

Alopecia↗