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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A proposal for a diagnostic colour vision standard for civil airmen.

Advances in medical technology, aviation technology, and operational procedures have created a rapidly changing background against which assessment of fitness to fly must be made. The current paper examines such changes in relation to the colour perception standard. The necessity for adequate colour perception in the modern aviation environment is reviewed and a rational sequence of tests to define aviation safe colour perception is proposed.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1980

Effects of different body positions on the Eustachian tube function in the selection of airmen.

The Eustachian tube function of 52 applicants accepted for flight training had earlier been comprehensively tested during simulated flights in a pressure chamber in the sitting position. Despite the fact that all were otologically healthy, the wide range of pressure-equilibrating capacity in the sitting position was even more pronounced when they were rested in recumbency, and in every type of test the pressure-equilibrating capacity was reduced. For instance, 17% of the recumbent subjects could not equilibrate at all during simulated descent as compared to 8% in the sitting position; 81% of the ears were Toynbee positive in the sitting position and only 69% in recumbency. The advantages of the recumbent compared to the seated test position are discussed.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1995

Vision impairment and corrective considerations of civil airmen.

BACKGROUND: Civil aviation is a major commercial and technological industry in the United States. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is responsible for the regulation and promotion of aviation safety in the National Airspace System. To guide FAA policy changes and educational programs for aviation personnel about vision impairment and the use of corrective ophthalmic devices, the demographics of the civil airman population were reviewed. METHODS: Demographic data from 1971-1991 were extracted from FAA publications and databases. RESULTS: Approximately 48 percent of the civil airman population is equal to or older than 40 years of age (average age = 39.8 years). Many of these aviators are becoming presbyopic and will need corrective devices for near and intermediate vision. In fact, there has been approximately a 12 percent increase in the number of aviators with near vision restrictions during the past decade. Ophthalmic considerations for prescribing and dispensing eyewear for civil aviators are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: The correction of near and intermediate vision conditions for older pilots will be a major challenge for eye care practitioners in the next decade. Knowledge of the unique vision and environmental requirements of the civilian airman can assist clinicians in suggesting alternative vision corrective devices better suited for a particular aviation activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Spirometric assessment of potential respiratory impairment in general aviation airmen.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease continues to manifest an increasing prevalence in male Americans. A recent study of commercial airline pilots revealed a 12% prevalence of more-than-minor spirometric impairment. Because commensurate data were not available for general aviation pilots, in whom such impairment could also compromise flight safety, a parallel study was made. The BMRC and smoking questionnaires, chest expansion, and spirometric measurements of FEV1, FVC, FEV1%, MVV, and FFF 25-75% were assessed in 181 male general aviation pilots. All showed a general relationship to increasing age and smoking amount. Based on FEV1% and FEF 25-75% combined, minor or more-than-minor degrees of spirometric impairment were manifested by 25.4% of the pilots and moderate degrees by 12.7%. Very little impairment was reflected in the remaining spirometric parameters. Subsequent testing of such spirometrically impaired pilots for altitude, fatigue, and orthostatic tolerances related to general aviation flight safety is planned.

Adult↗