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[Traumatic injury of a permanent tooth by forceps delivery (presentation of a case)].

A case of malformation of an upper central permanent incisor is described. From the history, it is assumed that the isolated malformation of the affected tooth, No. 21, may be due to indirect consequences of a birth trauma (forceps delivery). The problems of developing malformations connected with this case are discussed generally and specifically for a single tooth.

Birth Injuries↗

Orthodontic management of root-filled teeth.

Orthodontists are often concerned about the prognosis of root-filled teeth, particularly when extractions are required for orthodontic treatment. This review provides guidance on assessing the quality of root fillings, as well as the factors which affect the prognosis of root-filled teeth. The implications of previous traumatic injuries and the likelihood of root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement are discussed.

Humans↗

Potassium nitrate-zinc oxide eugenol temporary cement for provisional crowns to diminish postpreparation tooth pain.

Pulpal injury commonly occurs with tooth preparation for complete fixed partial dentures. This can be documented by the substantial incidence of pain after tooth preparation. In this study, a 4% potassium nitrate-zinc oxide eugenol temporary cement was used to secure provisional crowns over recently prepared teeth and it significantly reduced the incidence and severity of pain after tooth preparation and impression taking.

Adult↗

Facial trauma in children and adolescents.

Most studies on facial trauma in the pediatric age group focus on special subgroups. This investigation encompasses all traumatic facial injuries, minor and major, of children and adolescents. Epidemiological data of the type and pattern of injury of trauma patients less than 19 years of age, treated during a 3-year-period in a large metropolitan trauma centre were reevaluated. Of the 1385 patients, 68% had soft tissue injuries, 24% had dental trauma, and 8% fractures of facial bones. More than 90% suffered from minimal or minor trauma. The leading cause of injury was a fall, predominantly at the toddler stage. In adolescents an adult mechanism of trauma prevailed: over 60% of injuries were sequelae of an assault or altercation. The male sex predominated through all age groups and for all types of injuries. The bulk of soft tissue injuries are located within a small falling zone, extending from the nose to the mental area. There was a rising incidence of fractures of facial bones towards older age groups, mandibular fractures being the most common. Condylar fractures, with their potential impact on further growth of the mandible, are seen frequently in children and adolescents, making up 80% of the fractures of the lower jaw.

Adolescent↗

[Dentoalveolar trauma in children: retrospective study of 1,444 injuries].

This study comprises an analysis of traumatic dental injuries in children, from cases treated at the dental unit of the National Institute of Pediatrics over a period of seven years; a total of 1,444 traumatic injuries were seen in 809 children. Data under study included; type, frequency and site of injury, sex and age of patients, maxilla more often predisposed, dentition most affected by trauma and, finally, time of the year in which more cases occurred.

Adolescent↗

Management of intraoral injuries.

Primary closure of intraoral wounds can be done up to 24 hours after the injury. A mucosal seal decreases the possibility of infection and allows the wound to heal more rapidly and less painfully than a wound left open to heal by secondary intention. Defects of the lips must be closed with exact alignment of the vermilion-cutaneous margins. Nerve repairs must be done without tension at the repair site. Parotid duct repairs are mandatory to prevent cyst and fistula formation. Anterior permanent teeth may be replanted.

Adult↗