Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Toe Joint”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Assessment by serial magnification radiography.

Serial whole body and lateral hindpaw magnification radiographs were obtained on 15 rats with collagen-induced arthritis. The radiographs were evaluated for findings of inflammatory arthritis. Soft tissue swelling and juxta-articular osteopenia usually developed two weeks after immunization. The swelling remained stable for the remaining seven weeks of the study, but the osteopenia apparently improved. Three weeks after immunization, erosions and periostitis began to develop in ten of the rats. These latter radiographic changes rapidly worsened over the next three weeks and then stabilized. The most frequent and severe changes were seen in the intertarsal, tibiotalar, and metatarsophalangeal joints. The toes, forepaws, and knees were infrequently involved. Other peripheral joints and the axial skeleton were spared. Five rats developed soft tissue swelling but had no articular erosions or periostitis. Serial radiography has potential usefulness for monitoring the effects of treatment in this experimental model for inflammatory arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Increasing obstacle height and decreasing toe-obstacle distance affect the joint moments of the stance limb differently when stepping over an obstacle.

Foot placement during gait is important in regulating the dynamics of the joints of the supporting limb and in maintaining balance of the whole body. We hypothesized that increasing obstacle height and decreasing toe-obstacle distance (distance between the trailing foot and the obstacle during stance of the trailing foot just prior to stepping over the obstacle) would affect the joint moments of the stance limb differently when stepping over an obstacle. A total of 14 healthy young adults stepped over an obstacle 51, 102, 153, and 204 mm in height in a self-selected manner (i.e. toe-obstacle distance was not controlled) and for toe-obstacle distance targets of 10, 20, 30, and 40% of their step lengths measured during unobstructed gait. The adduction and internal rotation moments at the ankle joint increased as toe-obstacle distance decreased. The adduction and internal rotation moments at the hip joint during early stance, the internal rotation moment at the knee joint during late stance, and the dorsiflexion moment at the ankle joint during late stance increased with obstacle height. Reductions in toe-obstacle distance had greater effects on the moments of the ankle joint, and increases in obstacle height had greater effects on the moments of the hip joint. These greater demands on joint moments may affect the abilities of those elderly having decreased muscle strengths to safely step over obstacles. Copyright 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Aspiration of the asymptomatic metatarsophalangeal joint in gout patients and hyperuricemic controls.

Asymptomatic metatarsophalangeal joints were aspirated in a group of patients with gout, in 2 control groups with hyperuricemia, and in 1 normouricemic control group. Extracellular urate crystals were present in 70% of gout patients, in 1 of 19 patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, and in 2 of 9 patients with renal failure and hyperuricemia but no history of joint disease. Crystals were not found in the 10 normouricemic patients who had other types of arthritis. The presence of crystals in the subjects with gout was not correlated with a history of podagra, duration of gout, presence of tophi, or degree of control of hyperuricemia. Though crystals were found on rare occasions in joint fluid of asymptomatic hyperuricemic subjects, the presence of these crystals in asymptomatic joints was more common in subjects with gout.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1982

The first metatarso-sesamoid joint.

The first metatarso-sesamoid joint is separately identified from the first metatarso-phalangeal joint and its anatomical characteristics are described from a study of one hundred anatomical specimens of normal adult and children's feet and two hundred radiographs of patients' feet. The author finds that the metatarso-sesamoid joint is assymmetrical both in children and adults, the medial surface being larger than the lateral. The medial sesamoid lies centrally, and the lateral sesamoid lies laterally, under the head of the first metatarsal. A knowledge of the shape and function of this joint is important in understanding the pathology as well as the therapeutic indications of various conditions of forefoot imbalance, mainly of hallux valgus.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Alignment of the first metatarsal-phalangeal joint: important criteria for a new joint replacement.

Joint replacement is one of many options for the treatment of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. Studies of the geometry of that joint have shown that it consists of two distinct articulations, the metatarsophalangeal and the MT-sesamoidal. Both are important, but the MT-sesamoidal tolerates only small deviations from an ideal alignment. The aim of this study was to investigate the alignment of the first MTP joint of a potential patient population, in order to design an optimal surface replacement. One measurement, the extension angle between the MT and the proximal phalanx was found to be the most important alignment criterion for the successful design of an implant and the necessary instruments. This angle controls the delicate interplay between the metatarsal head and the sesamoids and tolerates only small deviations from the normal range before the chance of sesamoidal subluxation increases significantly. The pre-operative knowledge of this and other alignment criteria is important for the ideal placement of an anatomical implant.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Disorders of the hallucal interphalangeal joint.

Most clinical presentations of the hallux concern the metatarsophalangeal joint; however, interphalangeal joint (IPJ) pathology also may be clinically significant. This article reviews conditions that commonly affect the hallucal IPJ and the appropriate treatment.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

Arthroscopic management of osteochondritis dissecans of the first metatarsal head.

Osteochondritis dissecans of the first metatarsal head can be painfully disabling in the adolescent. It may be the forerunner of adolescent and adult hallux rigidus. Arthroscopic surgical treatment of this osteochondritis dissecans lesion is technically feasible. The case reported here suggests that arthroscopic treatment, at an early stage, can render a patient symptom-free and allow a return to full activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Three-dimensional kinematics of the equine interphalangeal joints: articular impact of asymmetric bearing.

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of asymmetric placement of the foot on the three-dimensional motions of the interphalangeal joints. Four isolated forelimbs were used. Trihedrons, made of three axes fitted with reflective markers, were screwed into each phalanx. They allowed to establish a local frame associated with each bone and thus to define the spatial orientation of the phalanges. The limbs were then placed under a power press, and subjected to compression with gradually increasing force (from 500 to 6 000 N). The procedure was performed in neutral position and with the lateral or medial part of the foot raised by a 12 degrees wedge. Flexion, collateromotion (passive abduction/adduction) and axial rotation of the interphalangeal joints were measured using a cardan angle decomposition according to the principle of the "Joint Coordinate System" described by Grood and Suntay. Raising the lateral or medial part of the hoof induced collateromotion (about 5.6 degrees +/- 0.8) and axial rotation (about 6.5 degrees +/- 0.5) of the distal interphalangeal joint. The proximal interphalangeal joint underwent axial rotation (about 4.7 degrees +/- 0.5 at 6 000 N) and slight collateromotion. Both interphalangeal joints underwent collateromotion in the direction of the raised part of the foot (i.e., narrowing of the articular space on the side of the wedge), whereas axial rotation occurred in the direction opposite to the raised part of the foot. These results confirm the functional importance of interphalangeal joint movements outside the sagittal plane. In particular they demonstrate the involvement of the proximal interphalangeal joint in the digital balance. These data are helpful for the identification of biomechanical factors that may predispose to interphalangeal joint injury. Also the data may be of use for the rational decision making with respect to exercise management and corrective shoeing of the lame horse.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Relationship of metatarsophalangeal joint fusion on the intermetatarsal angle.

To evaluate the effect of fusion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint on the first intermetatarsal angle, a series of 62 consecutive first metatarsophalangeal fusions was reviewed. Of these, 47 had sufficient data to be included in this study. The results of this study showed that the change in the first intermetatarsal angle following a first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis is directly proportional to the preoperative first intermetatarsal angle. Therefore, when a first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis is performed on a patient with a wide intermetatarsal angle, a concomitant proximal first metatarsal osteotomy is usually not indicated.

Adult↗