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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Aberrant cutaneous nerve of the thigh arising from the sciatic nerve in the human.

An aberrant cutaneous nerve of the thigh arising from the peroneal portion of the human sciatic nerve or common peroneal nerve was observed in 9 cases (4.6% of sides). After giving a branch to the short head of the biceps femoris muscle and a branch to the knee joint, this cutaneous nerve reaches the subcutaneous tissue by passing between the short head of the biceps femoris and the vastus lateralis or by piercing through the biceps femoris. The authors presume that the cutaneous nerve shows the presence of the potential cutaneous nerve routes from the common peroneal nerve to the skin of the lateral aspect of the thigh.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Urethro-thigh fistula. Report of 2 cases.

Two rare cases of urethro-thigh fistula are described. Both of them occurred following pelvic trauma. We suggest that trauma, hematoma and infection, suppuration, are the etiology for the development of fistula from a torn urethra to the thigh. A review of the English literature failed to reveal other cases of such an unusual complication.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma of the thigh in a newborn.

Congenital/infantile fibrosarcoma occurs frequently in the first year of life and differs from fibrosarcoma in adulthood. The clinical course of congenital/infantile fibrosarcoma is more favorable and metastatic spread is rare. While adult fibrosarcomas are common in the thigh, congenital/infantile fibrosarcomas affect chiefly the distal portions of the extremities. Standard treatment is primarily wide surgical excision. Chemotherapy may be given as neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment in order to avoid the morbidity associated with wide excision. In this case report we present our experience of a newborn affected by congenital/infantile fibrosarcoma of the left thigh.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of diagnostic and operative arthroscopy and open meniscectomy on muscle strength in the thigh.

In this study we measured the effect on the muscle strength in the thigh in connection with diagnostic arthroscopy with central approach, arthroscopy with arthroscopic operation of bucket-handle ruptures, flap tears, total arthroscopic meniscectomy, and open meniscectomy. Thirty-seven patients were tested preoperatively and 1, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively with a Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer. The extensor muscles of the knee joint were most affected. The flexor muscles were generally recovered in all groups within a month. Diagnostic arthroscopy and arthroscopic operations for bucket-handle ruptures showed no significant effect on the thigh muscle torque. With the other arthroscopic operations there was a 40% decrease of quadriceps function 1 week after operation. After 8 weeks normal function returned. Open meniscectomy had a much more negative effect on the quadriceps muscle with a decrease of about 70% after 1 week. After 8 weeks, the rehabilitation was still not complete.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thigh musculature in relation to chronic anterior cruciate ligament tear: muscle size, morphology, and mechanical output before reconstruction.

Eighteen male patients who had untreated chronic ACL rupture were studied in order to evaluate thigh muscle size, morphology, and isokinetic performance of the quadriceps muscle. Computed tomography disclosed a 5.1% mean atrophy of the quadriceps (P less than 0.05), 2.1% slight hypertrophy of the hamstrings (P less than 0.05), and also nonsignificant changes of all other muscle areas of the injured thigh. Muscle morphology (m. vastus lateralis) was normal in 11 biopsy specimens, whereas minor abnormalities (irregular shape or hypotrophy) could be seen in the rest. Isokinetic mechanical output of the knee extensors was 71% to 87% of that of the noninjured limb (P less than 0.01), and the mechanical output corrected for differences in quadriceps cross-sectional area was significantly lower in the injured than the uninjured limb. As there were no significant correlations between isokinetic performance and muscle size or qualitative morphology or morphometric data, the strength decrease cannot be explained by muscle atrophy or structural changes per se. We conclude that nonoptimal activation of the muscles during voluntary contractions is probably the most important causative mechanism of the strength decrease found in patients who have chronic symptomatic ACL tear.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intramuscular pressure in the leg and thigh related to tensile strap force during knee brace wear. An experimental study in man.

The effects of a functional knee brace on intramuscular pressure in the leg and thigh were measured in eight subjects with a mean age of 32 years. Pressures in the tibialis anterior and rectus femoris muscles were recorded without a knee brace and with a brace applied with strap tensile force of 25 N, 50 N, and a force preferred by the subject. External compression caused by the brace significantly increased intramuscular pressures at rest and muscle relaxation pressure during exercise in the leg and thigh muscles. Pressure in the tibialis anterior muscle increased 3 to 10 times, to mean values between 17.5 and 41 mm Hg, depending on the tensile force of the straps used at brace application. Corresponding mean pressure values in the rectus femoris muscle were between 17.5 and 32.5 mm Hg. Mean pressures in the standing subject varied between 37 and 62 mm Hg. Our study showed that intramuscular pressure at rest and muscle relaxation pressure during exercise in the tibialis anterior and the rectus femoris muscles increased significantly in the braced limb. Local blood perfusion pressure in the supine subject decreased significantly, by 16% to 42%, in the compressed muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of thyroid dysfunction on thigh muscle efficiency.

To establish whether muscle weakness in thyroid dysfunction can be attributed solely to muscle atrophy (i.e. reduction in the total muscle cross-section) or whether the intrinsic contractile strength of the muscle is reduced per unit cross-sectional area, the ratio between thigh muscle strength and thigh muscle area was determined before and after treatment of hyper- and hypothyroidism. Midthigh muscle areas, assessed by computer tomography, increased in all seven hyperthyroid and decreased in three of four hypothyroid patients investigated after treatment of the thyroid disease. Peak torque and total work output, assessed by an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex II), increased in both groups of patients. The muscle efficiency (total work output per cm2 muscle) increased in all patients after therapy [mean +/- SD values before vs. after therapy in hyperthyroid patients, 17.6 +/- 5.3 vs. 30.5 +/- 3.7 joules (J)/cm2 (P less than 0.001); in hypothyroid patients, 12.8 +/- 6.1 J/cm2 vs. 25.8 +/- 8.6 J/cm2 (P less than 0.05)]. Thus, the present study demonstrates that patients with thyroid dysfunction have altered muscle mass and diminished muscle efficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Influence of the psoas major and thigh muscularity on 100-m times in junior sprinters.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate how the cross-sectional areas (CSA) of the quadriceps femoris (QF)3, hamstrings (Ham), and psoas major (PM) in junior sprinters are related to mean running velocity (MV100m) calculated from official records of 100-m races. METHODS: In 44 sprinters (22 boys and 22 girls) aged 14-17 yr, cross-sectional images were taken at the upper thigh and midthigh and midway between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae using magnetic resonance imaging. CSA of the three muscles located in both sides were analyzed. For each muscle, the mean values of the CSA of the right and left sides were calculated and used for regression analyses of the relationships between CSA variables and MV100m. RESULTS: Stepwise multiple-regression analyses produced prediction equations of MV100m with independent variables of QF CSA at the midthigh and PM-to-QF CSA ratio at the upper thigh for boys (R = 0.38) and PM-to-QF CSA ratio at the midthigh for girls (R = 0.33). In the regression model for boys, QF CSA at the midthigh had a negative regression coefficient. CONCLUSION: For junior sprinters of both genders, the higher development of PM relative to QF, rather than absolute muscle size, is a factor in achieving a better performance in 100-m race performance.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1988

Lateral thigh varicose veins: a phlebographic study.

The phlebographic findings in nine patients with primary varicose veins on the lateral aspect of the thigh are described. These were shown by varicography to connect primarily with the deep femoral vein via communicating veins: the symptoms were either cosmetic or mild aching in the thigh. Surgical treatment, if indicated, consists of subfascial ligation or sclerosis of the varices, or flush ligation of the incompetent communicating veins at their connections with the deep femoral vein.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Thigh pain after cementless hip arthroplasty. Annoyance or ill omen.

A retrospective review of 148 consecutive porous-coated hip arthroplasties (PCA) showed an incidence of thigh pain of 13% one year after surgery, and 22% at two years. Positive correlations were made with femoral stem subsidence (greater than 2 mm) and with distal periosteal and endosteal bone formation. No positive correlations were made with parameters of bone quality or component fit. Resolution of pain occurred in one-third and an anti-inflammatory agent produced partial relief in two-thirds of the patients. We conclude that thigh pain is secondary to stem instability with distal stress transfer in the absence of stable proximal fixation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Thigh-muscles strength training, dance exercise, dynamometry, and anthropometry in professional ballerinas.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of 12 weeks of quadriceps and hamstring strength training on torque levels after a dance exercise and on selected anthropometric parameters. The sample consisted of 22 (ages, 25 +/- 1.3 years) full-time professional ballerinas who were randomly assigned into experimental (n = 12) and control (n = 10) groups. A dance routine designed to cause fatigue within 5 minutes, isokinetic dynamometry, and anthropometric assessments were conducted before and after strength training in both groups. Before strength training, the dance routine resulted in significant reductions of hamstring (p < 0.001) and quadriceps (p < 0.001) peak torques in both subject groups. However, after strength training, only control subjects demonstrated such torque decrements (p < 0.001) after the dance routine. Furthermore, the experimental group revealed greater knee extension (119 vs. 138 N.m; p < 0.001) and flexion (60 vs. 69 N.m; p < 0.001) torques, smaller sum of skinfolds (33.6 vs. 27.8 mm; p < 0.01), more fat-free mass (37.7 vs. 39.4 kg; p < 0.05), but unchanged body mass (p > 0.05) and thigh circumferences (p > 0.05). A negative relationship (p < 0.001) was found between initial strength levels and improvements measured at the end of the 12-week program. These results suggest that supplementary strength training for hamstring and quadriceps muscles is beneficial to professional ballerinas and their dancing; weaker individuals are more likely to benefit from such regimens than their stronger counterparts, whereas increases in thigh-muscle strength do not alter selected aesthetic components.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

An assessment of the osteoinductive potential of commercial demineralized freeze-dried bone in the murine thigh muscle implantation model.

Early studies have demonstrated that implantation of laboratory preparations of demineralized freeze dried bone (DFDB) into the thigh muscle of mice induces ectopic osteoinduction. However, with the development of commercial preparations of DFDB for clinical use, concerns have been raised as to the osteoinductive properties of such preparations. The aim of this study was to investigate the osteoinductive potential of some commercial preparations of DFDB compared to a newly developed product which incorporates DFDB into a collagen sponge. Commercial preparations of DFDB or the DFDB/collagen sponge were inserted into the thigh muscles of 60 adult Swiss CD-1 mice. At the completion of each experimental period (7, 14, 30, 90 and 180 days), the animals were sacrificed, and the hindquarters of the mice were radiographed. The area where each graft had been placed was then excised, processed for light microscopy, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin or von Kossa's stain. Histological analysis of the DFDB/collagen sponges demonstrated significant remineralization which increased with time. Remineralization of the DFDB/collagen sponges was verified by radiographs which showed a significant increase in radiopacity over time. There was no radiographic evidence of mineralized tissue formation or remineralization in any of the commercial DFDB samples studied. At all time points studied, histological analyses failed to show evidence of bone formation for any of the preparations. The results suggest that commercially available DFDB is not osteoinductive in the murine model and question the use of such materials in clinical periodontics. The results found for the DFDB/collagen sponge indicate a different mechanism of activity from DFDB as evidenced by its rapid remineralization. The role this remineralization process has in osteoinduction is unknown and requires further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effects of physical training on the calf and thigh blood flows.

Blood flows of the calf and thigh at rest and after submaximal and maximal exercise were determined by the venous occlusion method in 6 healthy subjects before and after physical training for 5 weeks. It was found that the magnitude of the flow after training was significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased when measured immediately after submaximal exercise, while there were no significant differences found with respect to both calf and thigh blood flows measured immediately after maximal exercise before and after training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Thigh and calf blood flows after isometric contraction in untrained and trained subjects.

The present study was undertaken to examine whether or not there were any differences between untrained and trained subjects in the changes of blood flow in the ipsilateral and contralateral lower limbs after isometric exercise. Blood flow of the thigh and calf in both right and left legs were measured simultaneously before and after isometric contraction with mercury-in-silastic strain gauge venous occlusion plethysmography. In the present study, the main pattern of blood flow responses in the active and non-active limbs was strikingly similar in all subjects: a significant fall in blood flow immediately after isometric contraction at a force of about 50% of maximal muscle strength for 15 sec was observed in the non-active lower limbs. Peak blood flow of the exercised thigh in the trained group was significantly higher than that in the untrained ones. From these results, it was suggested that higher blood flow after isometric exercise in the trained subjects may be due to the improvement of degree of vasodilation in the lower limb as a result of physical training.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Anterolateral thigh flap.

A 64-year-old Japanese male had a squamous cell carcinoma (T4N1M0) in the left gingival and buccal mucosa, so a radical wide resection involving left radical neck dissection was performed. An anterolateral thigh flap measuring 15 x 8 cm was raised from the left thigh and transferred to the defect. The postoperative course was eventful. There was no postoperative flap necrosis, infection, not even a cervical fistula.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2004

Long-standing Morel-Lavallée lesions of the trochanteric region and proximal thigh: MRI features in five patients.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to review and describe the MRI features of long-standing Morel-Lavallée lesions of the trochanteric region and proximal thigh in five patients with a history of trauma. CONCLUSION: Long-standing Morel-Lavallée lesions of the trochanteric region and proximal thigh may present various MRI patterns that reflect their variable composition and stage of development. MRI may prove especially useful for characterizing these lesions when the trauma is remote and progressive growth or pain is present.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Subcutaneous abdominal fat and thigh muscle composition predict insulin sensitivity independently of visceral fat.

Whether visceral adipose tissue has a uniquely powerful association with insulin resistance or whether subcutaneous abdominal fat shares this link has generated controversy in the area of body composition and insulin sensitivity. An additional issue is the potential role of fat deposition within skeletal muscle and the relationship with insulin resistance. To address these matters, the current study was undertaken to measure body composition, aerobic fitness, and insulin sensitivity within a cohort of sedentary healthy men (n = 26) and women (n = 28). The subjects, who ranged from lean to obese (BMI 19.6-41.0 kg/m2), underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to measure fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), computed tomography to measure cross-sectional abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, and computed tomography (CT) of mid-thigh to measure muscle cross-sectional area, muscle attenuation, and subcutaneous fat. Insulin sensitivity was measured using the glucose clamp technique (40 mU.m-2.min-1), in conjunction with [3-3H]glucose isotope dilution. Maximal aerobic power (VO2max) was determined using an incremental cycling test. Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Rd) ranged from 3.03 to 16.83 mg.min-1.kg-1 FFM. Rd was negatively correlated with FM (r = -0.58), visceral fat (r = -0.52), subcutaneous abdominal fat (r = -0.61), and thigh fat (r = -0.38) and positively correlated with muscle attenuation (r = 0.48) and VO2max (r = 0.26, P < 0.05). In addition to manifesting the strongest simple correlation with insulin sensitivity, in stepwise multiple regression, subcutaneous abdominal fat retained significance after adjusting for visceral fat, while the converse was not found. Muscle attenuation contributed independent significance to multiple regression models of body composition and insulin sensitivity, and in analysis of obese subjects, muscle attenuation was the strongest single correlate of insulin resistance. In summary, as a component of central adiposity, subcutaneous abdominal fat has as strong an association with insulin resistance as visceral fat, and altered muscle composition, suggestive of increased fat content, is an important independent marker of insulin resistance in obesity.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

Effects of ipsilateral anterior thigh soft tissue stretching on passive unilateral straight-leg raise.

STUDY DESIGN: Randomized 3-group pretest-posttest with blind assessment of outcome. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sagittal plane hold-relax exercise applied to the ipsilateral anterior thigh, and prone positioning on passive unilateral straight-leg raise measurements. BACKGROUND: Straight-leg raising has been viewed as a measurement for hamstring muscle length, but literature suggests that other structures may affect this measurement. METHODS AND MEASURES: Sixty subjects (45 men, 15 women) qualified for inclusion into the study based on a straight-leg raise measurement of < or = 65 degrees. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, static stretch, or sagittal plane hold-relax exercise. Pretest and posttest straight-leg raise measurements of the right lower extremity were performed for each subject. RESULTS: A 1-way ANOVA of the change scores showed a significant difference between groups. A Tukey post hoc analysis of the change scores showed that both treatment groups' means differed significantly from the control group and from each other, with the sagittal plane hold-relax group exhibiting the largest change (mean of 7.8 degrees +/- 2.8 degrees). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that sagittal plane hold-relax exercise and passive prone results of this study show that sagittal plane hold-relax and passive prone positioning can significantly increase straight-leg raise range of motion, however the sagittal plane hold-relax stretching of the anterior thigh is more effective than passive prone positioning.

Adult↗