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Results for “TARSAL JOINT”

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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ankylosis in the lower limb in ankylosing spondylitis].

Synostosing ankylosis of lower limb joints was investigated radiologically and clinically in approximately 2000 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ankylosis was found in 8 hip joints and in 4 of the joints of the foot skeleton. Most commonly the initial picture of these diseases is that of an arthritis (sometimes specifically misinterpreted as such) years and decades before the manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis appears. The ossifying potential of the disease can apparently manifest itself early in limited areas. The radiological morphology with destruction and reconstruction is found mainly as the well known vertebral changes. Immobilization can at the most be regarded as a favourable factor in a predominantly immunological-inflammatory patho-mechanism. Additional local abnormalities of the vascular or enzymatic systems of the joints can be assumed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Mid-foot disassociation in rheumatoid arthritis.

The mid-foot is commonly involved in rheumatoid arthritis with subchondral sclerosis and erosions at the talonavicular joint. There may be a mid-foot disassociation whereby the hindfoot is usually subluxed. Occasionally the forefoot may be subluxed with mid-foot disassociation. In long-standing cases of rheumatoid arthritis there is a loss of the normal plantar arch.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1995

Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc's) fracture-dislocation.

Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc's) fracture-dislocations account for 0.2% of all fractures. As many as 20% of these injuries are misdiagnosed or overlooked, especially in the polytrauma patient with other distracting injuries. The mechanism of injury, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are reviewed. Results of arthrodesis of the tarsometatarsal joint for patients with symptomatic posttraumatic arthritis of the tarsometatarsal joint are discussed. A thorough understanding of this often misdiagnosed injury should facilitate the physician's prompt diagnosis and management of this potentially debilitating lesion, resulting in improved functional recovery for the patient.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1995

[Fracture-dislocation of Chopart's junction].

Fracture dislocation of the midtarsal joint or Chopart's junction is a rare condition where an early recognition and treatment is needed to avoid instability and significant longterm foot problems. The radiological aspects are discussed based on two cases.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biomechanics of the foot and ankle.

The human foot evolved to provide: (1) mechanisms to limit the excursion of the center of mass during ambulation and thereby minimize the expenditure of energy; (2) a base of support of sufficien dimensions for the stability necessary to maintain the upright position without excessive muscular activity; (3) mechanisms for flexibility to absorb the shock of the body weight and for accommodation to uneven terrain; (4) rigidity of the foot when it acts as a lever in the push-off period of stance.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1997

An unusual midfoot dislocation: a case report.

An unusual case of dislocation of the midfoot through the calcaneocuboid and naviculocuneiform joints is presented. The prognosis is excellent for most midfoot dislocations, as long as they are recognized and treated early.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Kinematics of the distal hindlimb during stance phase in the fast trotting standardbred.

Fast trotting Standardbred horses were filmed along a straight on an oval dirt track. Five consecutive stance phases were analysed to describe the planar kinematics of the distal hindlimb. The rapid changes in the geometry of the distal hindlimb that occur during the early stance phase were studied. The hoof segment was initially braked vertically and moved in the direction of the horse. The hoof moved forward on the track surface for more than 20% of the stance time (ST). Two specific deviations in the otherwise smooth course of the fetlock joint angle appeared at 16 and 29% of ST. Tarsal angular joint displacement was, on the other hand, more smooth throughout the stance phase. Segment angular velocity was greatest in the proximal pastern segment, while the metatarsus was almost totally braked in its forward rotation during the early stance. Tibial angular velocity was more smooth and greater than that of the metatarsus. Initial vertical braking of the hoof was related to the rapid rotation of the proximal pastern segment, while the metatarsal and proximal pastern segment angular velocities decreased as the hoof was braked horizontally. Also coincident with horizontal braking of the hoof was an increase in the angular velocity of the tibial segment. It was concluded that the horizontal as well as the vertical braking of the hoof affect the disto-proximal braking of the segments of the distal hindlimb during the early stance phase. The early stance phase changes in the distal hindlimb suggest rapid changes in the internal forces of the limb and should be of importance to the orthopaedic health of Standardbred trotters. These rapid changes at the fetlock joint and hock joint during the early stance may be important in lameness as excessive rapid and repetitive loading and movement are thought to induce joint damage (Radin et al. 1991).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiological aspects of the tarsometatarsal joints.

Considerable difficulty may be encountered in evaluation of the disrupted tarsometatarsal joint complex as seen in variations of fracture dislocations of the Lisfranc's joint. This report points out constant relationships between the tarsal and metatarsal bones as seen on the standard anteroposterior and medial oblique views. Awareness of these constant radiological relationships can help the operating surgeon reconstruct the normal anatomic alignment.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Polyarthritis and periostitis induced by Escherichia coli. Lipopolysaccharide injection in young male hamsters.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinicopathological manifestations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced arthritis in the hamster and to compare its time of onset, duration, and severity with other forms of experimentally induced arthritis. METHODS: A preparation containing 30 microg LPS from Escherichia coli was injected subcutaneously for 5 to 21 days into young male hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Arthritis was quantified by measuring soft tissue swelling of affected joints with calipers. After decalcification, paraffin sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa, and azan. Acute phase reactant apolipoprotein serum amyloid A (apoSAA) levels were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Symmetrical polyarthritis developed within 3 days and persisted for 14-21 days, provided the hamsters received daily LPS injections. Most prominent were lesions in the carpal-metacarpal joints of the front legs and in the tarsal-metatarsal joints of the hind legs. Animals in whom LPS injections were discontinued after 4 or 7 days recovered completely. Histological findings of exudative synovitis, periarticular soft tissue swelling, and juxtaarticular periostitis were associated with a sharp rise in serum titers of apoSAA. CONCLUSION: The unusually rapid onset of arthritis and periostitis in this experimental animal model suggests that its systemic manifestations were not mediated by a classical immune response, and may represent an "innate" response of targeted cells within the synovial membrane and periosteum to bacterial cell wall endotoxins.

Animals↗