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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Determination of normal values in the assessment of measurements and side differences in the ultrasonic study of the shoulder joint].

Sonography of the rotator cuff with measurement of relevant soft tissue structures was performed in 120 persons without evidence of shoulder pathology. Although the extension of all structures varied markedly, no significant differences were found on comparing both sides. However, with regard to the variability of side differences, a limited side difference must be accepted as a normal finding. Sex, age and other body-related variables did not correlate well and were not useful in the assessment of the dimension of rotator cuff structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Proprioception of the shoulder joint in young tennis players].

In 60 adolescent volunteers aged 8 to 16 years we assessed the proprioceptive capability of the shoulder complex by an angle reproduction test. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the proprioceptive capability of adolescent tennis players. 40 were tennis players, 20 non tennis players served as a control group. Documentation of the reproduced angle was performed by a motion analyzing system with passive markers. Angle reproduction of all volunteers was best in the midrange of motion (100 degrees flexion, 100 degrees abduction, neutral rotation in 90 degrees abduction). The worst results were documented below shoulder level (50 degrees flexion, 50 degrees abduction, internal rotation in 90 degrees abduction). A correlation to sex or dominant extremity could not be found. Subjects older than 12 years showed a tendency for better angle reproduction compared to the younger subjects. Tennis players older than 12 years demonstrated significant better capabilities for angle reproduction in some movements of the shoulder complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[MR of the shoulder joint with surface coils at 1.5 tesla. Its anatomy and possible clinical use].

High spatial resolution magnetic resonance images of the shoulder were obtained in axial, sagittal and coronal orientations using a 1.5 T imaging system and anatomically shaped, wrap-around surface coils. Variations in scapular position induced by patient positioning change the relationship of the planes to the shoulder anatomy and make reproducibility of sagittal and coronal planes difficult. We, therefore, use--after axial orientation--image-oblique planes perpendicular and parallel to the glenoid fossa. In this manner MRI can visualise the anatomic structures of the shoulder including rotator cuff, long biceps tendon, articular capsule, articular cartilage, muscles and bones due to the high soft tissue contrast of MRI.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

[Biomechanical considerations on shoulder joint prosthesis implantation].

The biomechanical goals of prosthetic reconstruction of the shoulder are to restore the normal anatomy and range of motion, and to recreate the normal soft tissue balance of the static and dynamic stabilizers of the glenohumeral joint. An unconstrained prosthesis design best reproduces the physiological articulation and original anatomy of the shoulder. Humeral head components have been recently developed, which are adaptable to the variable anatomy of the proximal humerus (third generation design). A precise reconstruction of the three dimensional structure of the proximal humerus may lead to an improved functional outcome. However, there is still a lack of biomechanical data to support this concept. The optimal design of the glenoid component remains a challenge for future research. Specific issues including the choice of biomaterials, the optimum shape, radius of curvature, surface area of the articulation, component height and stem design remain under investigation. Although the prosthetic design represents an important factor in the success of glenohumeral arthroplasty, the surgical reconstruction of the soft tissues to recreate the normal soft tissue balance as well as postoperative rehabilitation determine the functional outcome.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1991

[Possibilities of diagnostic sonography in assessment of instability of the shoulder joint].

In a prospective study we evaluated diagnostic ultrasound investigation for shoulder instabilities. We measured the passive antero-posterior translation in 150 healthy persons in relation to the dorsal glenoid as well as the inferior subluxation in relation to the acromion. After establishing these normative data, we examined 23 patients with anterior unidirectional instabilities and 34 with multidirectional instabilities by ultrasound. Our results showed that the dorsal humeral head circumference of a normal joint is located about 8 to 10 mm dorsally to the glenoid. In the control group with non-injured shoulder is significantly higher as in the nondominant shoulder (p less than 0.01). Patients with anterior instabilities showed a highly significant increase of anterior translation in the injured shoulder (p less than 0.0001). In comparison with the control group there is a highly significant increase of downward subluxation under load in patients with multidirectional instabilities (p less than 0.001). In patients with multidirectional instabilities, there is also a significant increase of spontaneous downward subluxation of the dominant shoulder (p less than 0.01). In habitual or voluntary dislocations the relation of the humeral head to the glenoid can be judged staticly and dynamically. Secondary signs of dislocation (Hill-Sachs lesions, joint effusion) are evident. 13 patients of a total number of 22 patients we operated on, had bony or cartilaginous Hill-Sachs lesion. The specificity of preoperative ultrasound in detecting these Hill-Sachs lesions was 100% and the sensitivity was 89%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Use of a latissimus dorsi flap for treatment of infection in a neuropathic shoulder joint.

STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the difficulties that can be encountered in diagnosis and treatment of an infected neuropathic shoulder in a paraplegic man. SETTING: Spinal cord injury center in Germany. METHOD: Ultimately, radical debridement and transplantation of a latissimus dorsi muscle flap. RESULTS: Successful treatment of the infection, partial weight bearing, and limited restriction of range of motion in the affected shoulder. CONCLUSION: The latissimus dorsi muscle flap can resolve the infection of a neuropathic shoulder.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arthroscopic resection of the shoulder joint (Mumford operation)].

Based on results of anatomical studies, we established an arthroscopic procedure to resect all degenerative changes within the joint without endangering the stabilizing structures. Since November 1989 we operated on 26 patients with this technique. There were no major complications. The mean score significantly increased from 64.9 (+/- 12.8) to 86.8 (+/- 11.5). Analysis of postoperative x rays revealed an average length of resection of 21.3 mm at the inferior border of the clavicle, of 15.4 mm in the middle, and of 10.2 mm at the superior border of the clavicle. 21 out of 26 patients were completely satisfied and would undergo the same procedure again. In two of the five unsatisfied patients the resected length of the clavicle was insufficient and these patients required open surgery for resection of the remaining bone. Our first experiences are encouraging. The surgical technique is standardized and reproducible. The short time results score not worse compared to the open conventional technique. With the 2 to 4 year long term follow up we have to prove, whether maintaining the passive stabilizers of the joint improves the long term results better than the open technique.

Adult↗