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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Lung function findings in workers in the rubber industry].

Chronic obstructive lung disease is common in workers in the rubber industry. Because of the close relation between hyperreactivity of the airways (HR) and the annual decline in FEV1 we measured HR in 89 healthy workers of a big rubber plant. Three groups were formed (control, latex production, rubber production). The prevalence of HR was that of a healthy general population (PC 20 FEV1 less than 0.2% Methacholin in 3 cases). In the lower Methacholin range a separation between all groups was possible.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selenium status, lipid peroxides concentration, and glutathione peroxidase activity in the blood of power station and rubber factory workers.

Concentration of selenium in whole blood and plasma, lipid peroxides in plasma, and glutathione peroxidase activities in red blood cell hemolysates and plasma were determined in 49 coal power plant workers and in 50 rubber factory workers. The results were compared with those obtained for 58 nonindustrial controls. Whole blood selenium was significantly lower and plasma lipid peroxides were significantly higher in power plant workers when compared to the nonindustrial group. In the rubber factory workers, whole blood selenium and red blood cells and plasma glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly lower than in the control group. Urinary output of selenium was also significantly decreased in rubber factory workers. Slightly elevated lipid peroxides were also observed in that group. It seems reasonable to conclude that the lower blood selenium and decreased urinary output of this element may result from increased loss of selenium with perspiration. No correlation has been observed between selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity and between enzyme activity and lipid peroxides concentration in the industrial group.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Assessment of the occupational risk to workers engaged in the manufacture of divinyl-styrene rubber].

The production of synthetic rubber, one of the varieties of petro-chemical branch in our country, is new and very prospective. The Bulgarian synthetic rubber is synthesized from petroleum products divinyl and styrene. After the hygienic assessment of the technological processes, a complete characteristic of labour conditions was made and the character of the working process was studied of the main occupations of the workers, attending the installations of Synthetic Rubber Plant. The exposure to occupational noxae was determined and the existing occupational risk was evaluated. The toxico-chemical substances, benzene, styrene and divenyl, are with the highest significance among the factors of the working environment. The data on the health state of the workers are reported and recommendations are proposed for the restriction of the effect of the occupational factors.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1983

Survey of baby bottle rubber nipples for volatile N-nitrosamines.

A local market survey of 27 baby bottle rubber nipples for volatile N-nitrosamines was conducted. N-Nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosodibutylamine, and N-nitrosopiperidine were found at levels up to 387 ppb. All 4 nitrosamines migrated from the rubber nipples into water, milk, and infant formula when sterilized together in a manner typical of that used in the home. The source of the nitrosamines is the chemical accelerators and stabilizers added to raw rubber during the vulcanization process.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A method of HRP bathing of transected peripheral nerves using a rubber bag.--Its technique and advantage.

The horseradish peroxidase (HRP) bathing method of transected peripheral nerves using a small rubber bag is described and its advantage for labeling neurons is evaluated. In order to apply the HRP to the peripheral nerves, a small rubber bag of appropriate size for the nerves to be bathed was made and was filled with a solution of 20% HRP. The proximal stump of the transected nerve was then inserted into the rubber bag. Nerve cell bodies, retrogradely labeled by this method, were observed to be intense. HRP diffusion to the surrounding tissues was considered negligible at the bathing region. The method presented in this paper is useful adjacent to methods previously reported for HRP application to the peripheral nerves. To illustrate this method, the results of the HRP bathing of either the chorda tympani or the intermediofacial nerve in cats were described.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Cancer mortality among the workers of a Swiss rubber goods factory. Epidemiological study, 1955-75].

In an epidemiologic investigation of mortality among workers in a Swiss rubber-goods factory the cancer mortality in the period 1955-1975 has been studied in all male workers active on 1 January 1955 in (a) a rubber-goods factory and (b) a munitions factory, the latter as reference population. The two groups numbered some 1000 each. Both factories were located in the same Central Swiss village where no other industry was present. Mortality in each industry is compared with that in the Swiss population in general (SMR) and the mortalities of the two industries are compared with each other. The results tend to confirm that rubber workers are exposed to a higher risk of cancer mortality. Three particular types of cancer are briefly discussed: cancer of the stomach, of the lower urinary tract, and glioblastoma.

Glioma↗
PubMed1982

Mortality among rubber workers: V. processing workers.

Cause-specific mortality was evaluated among 2,666 men employed in the processing division of a rubber manufacturing plant. The division was divided into two sections: front processing (compounding, mixing and milling operations) and back processing (extrusion, calendering, cement mixing and rubberized fabrics operations). Mortality rates for all processing workers combined and for men in each section were compared with rates for U.S. White males or for workers employed in other divisions of the same plant. Compared with either referent group, men in the processing division had increased mortality from leukemia, emphysema, and cancers of the stomach, large intestine, and biliary passages and liver. An excess number of deaths from stomach and larger intestine cancer was found predominantly among men in the front processing section (33 observed vs. 17.7 expected deaths, based on rates in nonprocessing workers). Increased mortality from leukemia (14 observed vs. 7.3 expected) and from emphysema (22 observed vs. 11.0 expected) was present among men employed in the back processing section. Examination of mortality from these causes according to age and the year starting work, duration of employment, and years since starting work in the relevant sections of the processing division suggested that observed excesses of stomach cancer, large intestine cancer, leukemia, and emphysema among processing workers are related to occupational exposures. These results are consistent with the findings of studies of other groups of rubber workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Possibilities for identifying genotoxic risks in the rubber industry: use of the urinary mutagenicity assay and sister chromatid exchange.

Two approaches have been used for biological monitoring of exposure to genotoxins in the rubber industry: (1) assay of mutagenic activity in urine with the bacterial fluctuation test; and (2) analysis of sister chromatid exchange frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Workers in the rubber industry have significantly more mutagenic activity in their urine than nonexposed controls. Mutagenic activity was tested with Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA as indicator bacteria was significantly higher in urine of workers after a normal work week than in urine samples from the same individuals after a holiday. The mean frequency of sister chromatid exchange in rubber workers who smoked was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that in unexposed smokers. The only job categories in which workers who smoked had statistically significantly higher mean frequencies than others were mixing and weighing. People in these jobs generally also had high mutagenic activity in their urine.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Secondary retention of rubber dam: effective moisture control access considerations.

Primary rubber dam retention affects attachment of the latex sheet to the anchor teeth bordering the isolated working field. Secondary rubber dam retention is the provision of an effective seal at the dam-tooth junction, which is essential to the maintenance of adequate access and moisture control within the working field. Practical hints are offered to optimize access and moisture control through well-planned and properly executed secondary retention of classic rubber dam applications. In addition, innovative solutions to the limitations of general field isolation, which pertain mostly to secondary retention of the unrestrained buccal and lingual curtains of the slit dam, are introduced.

Dentistry, Operative↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of latex antigens from surgical gloves, ammoniated and nonammoniated latex: effect of ammonia treatment on natural rubber latex proteins.

Immediate hypersensitivity to latex proteins from contact with natural rubber latex gloves has been increasingly reported, especially in health care workers. Proteins in the latex responsible for these reactions may potentially be extractable, adsorbed on glove powder, or remain unextractable. Because these gloves are manufactured from ammoniated natural rubber latex, our knowledge on the effect of ammonia on latex proteins is incomplete. Therefore, we have investigated the effect of ammoniation on the protein profile and antigenicity or allergenicity of natural rubber latex proteins (NAL). Results indicate that ammonia treatment leads to breakdown and even precipitation of certain latex proteins. However, the antigenicity or allergenicity of NAL is preserved in the degraded proteins that present as extractable latex antigens of gloves. In addition to the proteins present in glove extract and proteins adsorbed to glove powder, certain latex proteins (23, 10, and 8 kd) remain firmly bound to glove film as "unextractable" latex antigens that cannot be removed by washing. The unextractable latex antigens may represent the antigens precipitated by ammonia treatment and may be associated with latex allergy.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1993

[Cytogenetic screening of workers of rubber manufacturing industry].

Cytogenetic analysis of lymphocytes was performed in 36 preparatory workers engaged into rubber shoes and general mechanical rubber goods production. Preparatory workers and management staff had the same chromosomal aberrations frequency. Although chromosomal aberrations frequency in employees of the enterprise appeared to be twice as much as that for general population, which proves hazardous factors of rubber production to afflict genofond of employees.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Rubber allergy. An increasing health problem?].

Allergic reactions to rubber (latex) are now being reported more frequently. Symptoms include urticaria, contact dermatitis, rhinitis, local angioedema, asthma and anaphylactic shock. Medical workers and some groups of patients seem to be at risk of developing rubber allergy. The increased use of rubber gloves and condoms to prevent the spread of infections seems to lead to increased incidence of latex hypersensitivity. We report the case of a patient who experienced an immediate allergic reaction after using a condom. We then discuss latex antigens, the incidence and diagnosis of latex allergy, and associated risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Allergic contact dermatitis from latex rubber.

Previously we have found occasional patients with delayed hypersensitivity to latex (in rubber gloves) in the absence of allergy to any chemicals in the rubber chemical screen. There are many reports of contact urticaria to latex and isolated reports of delayed hypersensitivity to latex, usually in the presence of contact urticaria. To establish if latex ruber is a more common cause of delayed hypersensitivity than is currently recognized, we patch tested all patients attending our contact dermatitis clinic, over a 6-month period, with latex. Of 822 patients, 16 (1.9%) demonstrated positive cutaneous reactions to latex. Six exhibited contact urticaria to latex, five contact urticaria and allergic contact dermatitis, and five allergic contact dermatitis alone. Of the five with delayed hypersensitivity to latex in the absence of contact urticaria, only one was atopic and the sensitivity was thought to be relevant or possibly relevant in four. Of our patients, 1.2% exhibited positive patch-test reactions to latex. Patch testing with latex should be considered where contact dermatitis to a latex rubber-containing product is suspected, e.g. gloves and footwear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The rubber dam-retaining appliance: an adjunct to isolation during placement of multiple veneers.

The allure of multiple porcelain veneers resides in the conservative preparation and the potential for excellent esthetics. To uphold the pennant of adhesive technology on which the procedure is founded, the fastidious guidelines of direct adhesive techniques should be carried over to porcelain veneers. Delivery of porcelain veneers is compromised in the absence of rubber dam isolation. Traditional rubber dam application is cumbersome and impractical, however, during placement of multiple veneers, with their priority of gingival margin access. This article introduces a rubber dam-retaining appliance that improves access and isolation during the restoration of anterior teeth with multiple porcelain veneers.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials in rubber factory workers.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) on median nerve stimulation were studied in 38 rubber factory workers to detect possible subclinical impairments in the somatosensory pathway as a result of exposure to rubber factory chemicals. Results showed trend towards the prolongation of latencies of all the major peaks of SEP such as P1, N1, P2, N2, P3, N3 in exposed workers besides changes in peak to peak amplitudes (higher P1-N1 and lower N2-P3). These changes may be attributed to synergistic action of solvents and other rubber factory chemicals on the generators of SEPs located higher up at the thalamo-cortical level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Rubber band ligation of haemorrhoids. Analysis of 281 patients.

The problems and discomfort resulting from haemorrhoidectomy have led to the development of other forms of therapy. Rubber band ligation has become a popular method of treatment for internal piles. The results are comparable with those achieved by excisional surgery. The material consists of 281 consecutive patients with internal haemorrhoids treated with rubber band ligation. The average follow-up was 12 months. 239 of the 262 patients re-examined were entirely free of discomfort (91%). In all the eight cases with mucosal prolapse the ligation was not successful. In these as well as in patients with rubber allergy, other forms of treatment are suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

An autopsy case of suicidal strangulation with four looped rubber bands.

A rare case of suicidal strangulation with four looped rubber bands is reported. A 57-year-old female was found dead in the vestibule of her house, with four looped rubber bands wrapped around her neck. Her face was markedly congestive, and lots of petechial hemorrhages were seen on the face and in the palpebral conjunctive. At the medico-legal autopsy, the ligature mark was 1.7 cm in maximum width at the anterior part of the neck and accompanied by such vital reactions as linear hemorrhage, but there were no other injuries to account for her death. Many petechial hemorrhages were also found in the visceral pleurae and epicardium. There was hemocoagulum in the cardiac blood, and the other organs were as well markedly congestive. Gas-chromatographic analysis revealed ethanol; 0.83 mg/ml in the heart blood and 1.37 mg/ml in the urine. No other drugs or poisons were found with Toxi-Lab and REMEDi-HS systems. In addition, police investigation denied the possibility of homicide and disclosed her living will stating that she had suffered from a chronic heart disease. This case was of suicidal strangulation with looped rubber bands.

Asphyxia↗
PubMed1997

[Study on particle contamination produced by syringe needles and rubber stoppers for pharmaceutical solutions].

The contamination of particles produced by syringe needles and rubber stoppers for pharmacal solution of venous transfusion was studied. The results showed that the contamination of particles was positive correlation with the usage frequency of syringe needles, so the syringe needles for single use were suggested. To compare two kinds of syringe needles with different structure (side hole and incline), the result was that the difference of particle contamination between them was similar and without statistic significance. The particles contamination produced by primary and used rubber stoppers which was protected by polyester film was studied. It was shown that the difference between them was no significant statistically. The results of this study supplyed a scientific evidence about repeated use of rubber stoppers.

Drug Contamination↗