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PubMed1959

Studies on blood factors RhA, RhB, and RhC.

Observations are described of the incidence among Caucasians and Negroes of the blood factors Rh(A), Rh(B) and Rh(C) which occur associated with the Rh(0) factor in typical Rh-positive blood. The antiserums used for the tests were derived from Rh-positive patients who had had hemolytic transfusion reactions or erythroblastotic babies. Among a large series of individuals, it was found that only rarely is any of the blood factors Rh(A), Rh(B), or Rh(C) lacking from "standard" Rh(0)-positive blood. On the other hand, about half of the specimens of Rh(0) variant blood lack one or more of the factors Rh(A), Rh(B), and Rh(C), which, when present in such blood, are also almost always variants. Judging from the incidence of specimens lacking one or more of these factors, Rh(A), Rh(B), and Rh(B) appear to be relatively independent of one another despite their association with blood factor Rh(0). Tests for factors Rh(A), Rh(B), and Rh(C) distinguish new rare varieties of Rh and Reh agglutinogens, each genetically determined by corresponding allelic genes. There is no doubt that more clinical cases will be found in which sensitized Rh-positive individuals have antibodies resembling anti-Rh(0) in specificity. Four such cases have already been studied by the present authors, and in each case the antibodies were shown to be different from anti-Rh(0) in specificity. Since they were also different from one another, they have been assigned the symbols anti-Rh(A), anti-Rh(B), anti-Rh(C), and anti-Rh(D), respectively, the first three being the antiserums used in the present study. Obviously, in order to avoid confusion of nomenclature, the specificity of antiserums from other similar cases will have to be compared with anti-Rh(A), anti-Rh(B), anti-Rh(C), and anti-Rh(D) and shown to be different from all four, as well as anti-Rh(0), before a distinctive symbol is assigned to them.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1994

[Solid-phase method in determination of blood groups and rhesus factor].

A new method for identification of blood group and Rh factor on polystyrene plates has been developed. For blood group identification the test serum is fixed with fruglumines, for Rh factor identification antiglobulin serum is fixed with 10% gamma-globulin. Blood group and Rh factor were identified in 38 donors; the data indicate a high activity and reliability of typing test plates.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1975

A study of some genetic markers in the Bahawalpuris of Patiala, India.

ABO blood groups, secretor factor, Rh-factor, and PTC taste ability have been examined in 360 individuals of Bahawalpuri population of Patiala. B and O blood groups are more frequent (44.46% & 31.36% respectively). Frequency of secretors (84.72%) outweighs that of nonsecretors (15.28%). All the individuals have been found to belong to Rh--ve type. High incidence of nontasters (55.55%) has been seen. Genes r, Se, D, and t are found to be most frequent in the population.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1993

[Recombinant plasma proteins for therapeutic use--status and developmental trends].

The enormous progress made in biotechnology and purification of plasma proteins (pp) and the demands to avoid risks of transmitting HIV, hepatitis and other virus infections by these have resulted in the development of numerous recombinant human (rh) pp, which are now about to be used as replacement therapy in transfusion medicine. Human rh albumin has been used in clinical trials last year, a competition to serum albumin can be expected in the next time. During the last decade, the genes or cDNA have been cloned and characterized for all relevant pp involved in blood coagulation. Beside the rh factor VIII (rh FVIII) which has been introduced clinically in 1991, the rh FVIIa is under investigation in patients with hemophilia A and inhibitors. After establishing of rhFIX in triple transgenic mice, the industrial potential will be evaluated in terms of scale up culturing and production. The valuation of advantages and drawbacks of the current rh pp in comparison to conventional pp will have to be determined in the last decade of our century.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1977

[Determination of the blood group, Rh-D factor, and indirect Coombs' test using the amniotic fluid].

The number of Rh-D sensibilizations provided by pregnancy and delivery has decreased as the result of the preventive measures introduced to the combat this condition. The problem, however, still exists, and to cope with it, the determination of the blood group, Rh-D factor, and the Coombs' test using the amnionic fluid allows a timely preparation for the therapy of the newborn's hemolytic disease. The method of the neutralization technique employed by the authors has proved reliable.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1995

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rh-GM-CSF) in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Neutropenic pediatric patients with solid tumors and malignant lymphomas were treated with recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rh-GM-CSF). Eleven patients, including seven lympho-reticular malignancies, two Ewing's sarcoma and one patient in each group with the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant mesenchymal tumor, entered the study. Six were females and five were males, the mean age was 10.4 yr, the range was 4 to 21 years. rh-GM-CSF was given at the dose of 5 micrograms/kg s.c. daily, starting either on the day following the last day of cytotoxic chemotherapy or when ANC < 1000/ml was determined. All patients received rh-GM-CSF for a total of seven days. Hematopoietic recovery occurred in all children except one. The response to rh-GM-CSF was achieved in a mean time of 7.4 days. Tolerance to rh-GM-CSF treatment was good. Adverse events were documented as fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, chills and itching. Sagittal sinus thrombosis developed in one patient 5 days following the completion of chemotherapy and rh-GM-CSF cycle. In conclusion, rh-GM-CSF can be applied during the intensive chemotherapy schedules of pediatric cancer patients.

Adolescent↗