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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Population frequency for the short tandem repeat loci D18S849, D3S1744, and D12S1090 in Caucasian-Mestizo and African descent populations of Colombia.

Blood samples from 489 unrelated Caucasian Mestizo and 252 individuals of African descent in Colombia were amplified and typed for three short tandem repeat (STR) markers (D12S1090, D3S1744, and D18S849). All markers conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations in both populations studied. In addition, heterozygosity, mean exclusion chance, polymorphism information content, discrimination power, and the assumption of independence within and between loci were determined. The mean exclusion chance for all three STR markers is 0.9750 in the Caucasian Mestizo population and 0.9731 in the African Colombian Population. The discrimination power is 0.999925 and 0.999911 in the Caucasian Mestizo and African Colombian respectively.

Black People↗
PubMed1975

[A medico-genetic study of the population of Western Pamir. VI. Local genetic differentiation in the populations of Western Pamir].

The article comprises the results on the analysis of the structure of the great Pamirs' population (of a higher rank) and of one of its parts, the subpopulation of the valley of the river Bartang. Wright's F coefficient was used for the statistical treatment of the data obtained in the course of the analysis. The FST estimates were obtained from the variances of the frequencies of the genes located in 5 loci (ABO, MN, P, Rh and P.T.C.) culculated for 23 samples of the great populations of the Pamirs and for 9 samples of the population of the Bartang river valley. The general inbreeding coefficient for the Pamirs FIT=0,0323, its random component FST=0,0017 and the non-random component FIS=0.0306.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Socioeconomic status and dyslipidaemia in a South Indian population: the Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS 11).

BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic differences have been shown to be linked with the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors such as dyslipidaemia based on urban-rural comparisons. However, very little data are available on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia within an urban environment. The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of dyslipidaemia in two different socioeconomic groups within an urban South Indian population. METHODS: The Chennai Urban Population Study is an epidemiological study involving two residential areas in Chennai, South India representing different socioeconomic strata. Of the 1399 eligible subjects (age > or = 20 years), 1262 (90.2%) participated in the study (Tirumangalam: middle income group, 479 subjects, response rate 91.4%; and T. Nagar: low income group, 783 subjects, response rate 89.4%). A detailed questionnaire on the socioeconomic and clinical background of the subjects was collected. Biochemical investigations included lipid profile and oral glucose tolerance tests. The classification of lipid abnormalities was done according to the National Cholesterol Education Programme-Adult Treatment Panel III [NCEP (ATP III)] guidelines. RESULTS: The Tirumangalam group (mean monthly income of Rs 8075) represents the middle income group, while the T. Nagar group (mean monthly income of Rs 1399) represents the low income group. The prevalence rates of lipid abnormalities were higher among the middle income group compared to the low income group. The prevalence of high risk cholesterol levels in men was 10.6% (middle income group) v. 2.7% (low income group; p<0.001) and among women 19.1 v. 4.7% (p<0.001). Similarly, the prevalence of high risk triglyceride levels in men was 15.7% v. 9.3% (p=0.02) and among women 10.3% v. 7.5% (p<0.05); high risk low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels among men was 7.8% v. 3.0% (p=0.01), and among women 11.2% v. 4.5% (p<0.001). High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were lower in the low income group but the total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio was higher among men in the middle income group (p<0.001) but not among women. Logistic regression analysis revealed that socioeconomic status had a strong association with hypercholesterolaemia and high LDL levels, even after adjusting for age and body mass index. CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic factors influence the pattern of dyslipidaemia in this urban South Indian population, with dyslipidaemia being more common and severe in the middle income group.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Genetic polymorphism and the population difference of 7 Y-STR loci and haplotypes in Chinese Han and Japanese populations].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic polymorphism of 7 Y-STR loci and haplotypes and analyze their population difference. METHODS: The DNA samples from 45 Chinese Han and 59 Japanese men were analyzed by PCR and the denatured PAGE followed by silver staining. RESULTS: 33 alleles were identified for 6 loci including DYS393, DYS389 I, DYS19, DYS390, DYS389 II and DYS392, 39 alleles were identified for DYS 385, the frequency distributions were between 0.0169-0.6444, the DP value distributions of them were between 0.5406-0.9579, the DP value of DYS 385 was the highest. With the comparison of data of the 7 loci, significant difference in genetics was observed between the two populations(P < 0.05). There were 95 haplotypes that consisted of the 7 loci, Chinese Han had 41 haplotypes, DP value 0.9960, Japanese population had 54 haplotypes, DP value 0.9965, no common haplotypes were found between them. CONCLUSION: The 7 STR loci above belong to loci of high discriminating ability, the haplotypes are highly polymorphic and their ethical character is apparent.

Asian People↗
PubMed2004

Population genetics of 10 short tandem repeat (STR) loci in a population sample of the ethnic group of Polish Tatars living in the Podlasie area (Northeastern Poland).

Laboratories worldwide are contributing to a large and growing database for different populations. This study provides a 10 STR database for a population sample of Polish Tatars living in the area of Podlasie for the use as a highly discriminatory system of genetic markers in the forensic community. The genotype frequency distributions showed no deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) except for D3S1358, FGA, D18S51 and D16S539, based on the Fisher Exact Test. Significant differences between the Polish Tatars and the native population of Podlasie were found in loci D3S1358, FGA, D2S1338, D21S11 and D19S433. The combined values of the Matching Probability and of the Power of Exclusion are 1 in 2.83 x 10(-12) and 0.998, respectively.

DNA↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of habitat type and population density on the stress level of midday gerbils (Meriones meridianus Pall.) in free-living populations].

New methods of noninvasive evaluation of the endocrine status of animals by the content of hormones in feces were used to study the relationship between the stress level and social (population density) and ecological (habitat integrity) indices in natural populations of midday gerbil in the Southern Kalmykia in 2000. Stress level proved to increase with habitat disturbance but did not depend on population density of animals. The obtained data are discussed in the context of species-specific ecology and social behavior of midday gerbils.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Population analysis and determination of the ethnic background are necessary in the study of multifactorial diseases: a study using the Dagestan population as a model].

Psoriasis, a multifactorial disease with genetic predisposition, has been used as an example to study the role of the ethnic background in multifactorial diseases in the Dagestan population. The individual information card (IIC) is proposed as the main tool for correct collection and processing of information. The results of the study demonstrate that the Dagestan population is a convenient and adequate model population for studying multifactorial diseases, such as psoriasis, and may serve as an object for studying the role of heredity in the etiologies and pathogeneses of this and other multifactorial diseases.

Dagestan↗
PubMed2006

Is it possible to identify a population in which the incidence of future development of AIS is greatly increased when compared to the normal population?

For future research of predictors of AIS, it would be advantageous to identify a general population in which the development of AIS is greatly increased when compared to the normal population. The probability of predicting future development of AIS among younger relatives of current patients based on the probability of AIS incidence was assessed from the research literature. Although there is considerable literature relating to familial relationships of the probability of developing AIS or having AIS, the probability is relatively low in most cases. Even with the best of predicted probabilities, the identification of patients with a high probability of developing AIS remained low. The identification of people among the general population who have a high probability of developing AIS based on the probabilities expressed in the literature is not possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Population genetic studies of the Philippine Negritos. II. gm and km allotypes of three population groups.

Serum samples of the three tribal Negrito populations in the Philippine Islands (127 from Zambales, 87 from Bataan, and 93 from Agusan) were tested for Glm(1,2,3 and 17), and G3m(5,6,11,13,14,15,16, and 21), and Km(1). The GMpatterm of the Negritos is characterized by three haplotypes, Gm1,17;21, Gm1,2,17;21, and Gm1,3;5,11,13,14, which is also characteristic of Mongoloid-related populations, especially with high incidence of the latter haplotype. They also have the haplotype, Gm1,17;5,13,14, prevalent in Africa, New Guinea, and northern Australia, suggesting an ancient link between the Negritos and the New Guinean-Australian group. Two unusual samples of G3m(15) positive without G3m(16) observed in Zambales Negritos suggest the presence of Gm1,17;5,11,13,14,15 haplotype in the population. This appears to be unique to Zambales Negritos and the first such samples to be found.

Alleles↗
PubMed1984

[Medico-genetic study of the population of Turkmenia. IV. The population geography of hemoglobinopathies].

Large-scale screening for hereditary haemoglobinopathies in five districts and among main Turkmen tribes was carried out. The frequencies of ABO and HP pheno- and genotypes were determined in the same populations. The different kinds of haemoglobinopathies genes were discovered (beta +, beta 0-thalassemia, alpha beta-thalassemia, alpha-thalassemia, HPFH, haemoglobins D and E). The geographic and ethnic differentiation of Turkmen population for beta-thalassemia géne was discovered. The FST values were found to be the same for ABO, Hp and beta-thal gene systems. The role of genetic drift in differentiation of Turkmen population is discussed.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1994

[Materials on studying the gene pool of populations from Russian and adjacent countries: the Russian population of the Vologda region].

An investigation was performed on the distribution of frequencies of A1A2B0, Rhesus, MNSs, P, Lewis, Kell-Cellano, Kell-Kp, Sutter, Lutheran, Hp, Gc, Tf, C'3, Pi, GLO1, EsD, AcP, 6-PGD, PGM1 (subtypes), PTC, and CB gene markers in the native Russian population of three rural districts of Vologda oblast'. Peculiarities of the genetic structure of the population of Vologda oblast' were revealed and compared to other groups of the Russian population.

Gene Pool↗
PubMed1998

Population genetic study of the simultaneously amplified loci HLA DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC in a German population sample.

A population genetic study of the HLA DQA1 and the "Polymarker" loci LDLR, GYPA, HBG, D7S8, and GC has been performed in a German Caucasian population (Frankfurt am Main area). All loci are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and no unexpected association of loci has been observed. The data of the allele distributions are similar to those of other Caucasian populations. All six loci together have a power of discrimination (PD) of 0.9996 and an exclusion chance in paternity testing of 0.81.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Population policy in industrialized countries: evaluating policy theories to assess the demographic impact of population policy.

"In this contribution the concept of population policy theory is defined. Also, the relevance of studying these theories in order to assess the demographic impact of population policy is discussed. The policy theory underlying the pronatalist marriage and family founding loans is evaluated as is the policy theory underlying antinatalist family planning communication programs. It is concluded that the behavioral mechanisms behind the two policy measures appear not to work in a way the policy theory assumes they work, i.e. appear not to be able to change fertility behavior substantially." The geographic focus is worldwide. (summary in FRE, ITA)

Demography↗
PubMed2006

Population structure inferred by local spatial autocorrelation: an example from an Amerindian tribal population.

Spatial autocorrelation (SA) methods were recently extended to detect local spatial autocorrelation (LSA) at individual localities. LSA statistics serve as useful indicators of local genetic population structure. We applied this method to 15 allele frequencies from 43 villages of a South American tribe, the Yanomama. Based on a network of links <or=51 km between neighboring villages, we calculated LSA statistics for Moran, Geary, and Getis-Ord coefficients. We also developed two new, rescaled indices of local SA. Local indicators of positive SA highlight villages surrounded by genetically similar near neighbors. Negative LSA statistics indicate sharp genetic differences from near neighbors. Markedly positive LSA was found for all 11 outlier villages. The most negatively LSA villages are in the central, densely connected cluster. The Getis-Ord coefficients of suitably transformed allele frequencies point to clusters of villages with unusually high or low allelic polymorphisms. The most homozygous villages are all in the four geographically isolated village clusters. The most polymorphic villages are all in the large, densely settled Yanomame dialect group. An ad hoc linguistic isolation index between neighboring villages showed that villages in isolated pairs and triplets have linguistically similar neighbors, whereas nine villages with notably negative LSA are all near dialect and kinship boundaries. The location of a village with respect to the graph structure of its neighborhood affects its LSA and genetic polymorphism. The implications of these findings for the population structure of the Yanomama are compatible with those from an earlier study of global SA in these villages.

Demography↗
PubMed1992

Transfer of population as a solution to international disputes: population exchanges between Greece and Turkey as a model for plans to solve the Jewish-Arab dispute in Palestine during the 1930s.

The author explores the reasons for the failure of a plan for population exchanges that took place between Jews and Arabs in Palestine in the 1930s. Special focus is given to the success of previous exchanges between Greece and Turkey that took place during the 1920s and why this model failed in Palestine. The author concludes that "the Zionist plans which assumed that one could encourage voluntary transfer by creating attractive economic conditions in the target areas, did not take into account the factors of nationalism, ties to place of residence, religion, etc. These factors carried no less weight than the economic factor and they could effectively prevent any voluntary transfer of the Arab population."

Asia↗
PubMed2006

Recruitment to a seabird population depends on environmental factors and on population size.

1. A novel capture-mark-recapture (CMR) method was used to build a multistate model of recruitment by young birds to a breeding population of common guillemots Uria aalge on the Isle of May, Scotland. Recruitment of a total of 2757 individually marked guillemots over 17 years was modelled as a process where individuals had to move from an unobservable state at sea, through a nonbreeding state present in the colony, to the breeding state. The probabilities of individuals returning to the colony in a given year, at age 2 and 3-4 years, were positively correlated with an environmental covariate, the winter North Atlantic Oscillation index (WNAO) in the previous years. 2. For 2 year olds, there was a negative relationship with breeding population size, suggesting that density dependence operated in this colony through limitation of food or some other resource. 3. Survival over the first 2 years of life varied with cohort, but was unrelated to the WNAO. Mean survival over this 2-year period was high at 0.576 (95% CI: 0.444; 0.708). 4. This high survival, combined with a low 'local' survival after age 5 years of 0.695 (0-654; 0.733) and observations of Isle of May chicks at other colonies, suggests that most surviving chicks return to the natal colony before deciding whether to recruit there or move elsewhere.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

[Genealogical files and the analysis of the genetic structure of non-isolated populations. An application to an agricultural population of the Limousin region].

"This article shows the methodological problems appearing in the production of genealogical files for non-endogamous or 'open' populations. [The authors conclude that] the study area must be extended to a geographic space larger than the one where the [designated] population resides." The authors reconstitute family structures using data from the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries for an agricultural community in Limousin, France. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Biology↗
PubMed1990

[Population structure and dynamics: the population matrix].

"This article shows an alternative way of presenting population data. The population matrix, constructed as an important part in the process of compiling socio-demographic accounts, demonstrates the close connection between stock and flow data, bringing both types of data consistently together." Official data for the Netherlands are used to illustrate the concept. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Data Collection↗