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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Pneumatic Airleg prosthesis: report of 200 cases.

The pneumatic Airleg is a recently developed prosthetic system for the early mobilization of the patient with lower extremity amputation. It has been used as an alternative for the rigid plaster of paris dressing in immediately postoperative prosthetic fitting and ambulation, and has also been employed as a temporary prosthesis in the total contact weight-bearing ambulation of patients with open or ulcerated amputation stumps. The latter is illustrated by 3 case reports Advantages are ease of application and removal, availability of the amputation site for inspection, and early institution of weight-bearing ambulation with minimal discomfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

["Physiological" healing and development of coxa valga in congenital dislocation of the hip (author's transl)].

At the University Orthopaedic Clinic Bonn, congenital dislocation of the hip has been treated since 1969, using the Hanausek-Apparatus. In this study the results of "physiological healing" and the development of coxa valga are compared with the results of our previous combined treatment regimen (traction in extension, followed by manual reduction, and initially fixation in the Lorenz position in plaster of Paris and then in Lange position). The term "physiological healing" is explained. The diagnosis coxa valga was made using the criteria of the DGOT working party on hip dysplasias. The problem of femoral head necroses is not considered; this has been reported previously. From this study we see a definite advantage of the functional treatment over the combined method. The "physiological healing" rate was substantially higher, and the development of coxa valga greatly reduced. The clinical results are further supported by animal studies from several authors.

Braces↗
PubMed1982

[Photostereogrammetry in plastic surgery].

Stereophotogrammetry has been used lately for accurate presentation of changes and irregularities of the face. Plaster of Paris casts of the faces of patients with mandibular prognathism were prepared prior to and six months following surgery. The casts were photographed with an adapted phototheodolite IGF f - 158 mm/13 X 18 cm. The stand with forced centering and a maximal base of 170 mm was constructed at the Institute for Research of Materials and Constructions SRS. The contour plots were drawn on a 1:1 scale using a Topocart B autograph. The contours were plotted with a 2 mm interspace. On the stereophotogramme obtained in this fashion the features of the face and their changes after the operation are accurately demonstrated by the contour lines.

Face↗
PubMed1981

Body surface area of the Chacma baboon (Papio ursinus).

The body surface area (BSA) of 11 Chacma Baboons has been determined by a coating method using plaster of Paris. The relationship between BSA (Cm2) and mass (g) is adequately described by the simple Meeh formula A = (12.7) M2/3. The inclusion of an additional variable, such as length, is not indicated by the data. The difference in K values between species and individuals is postulated to be determined by variations in body density rather than other factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[X-ray transparency of common orthopedic casts].

X-ray permeability is one of the important criterions which qualify a material as orthopedic cast. By using a phantom (amputated human lower leg) standardized conditions were created to compare the five customary casts: Cellamin, Lightcase II, Hexcelite, Neofrakt and Baycast. For judging the perceptibility of osseous structures, especially the details of the fracture, the lower and the upper number of clinically used layers were considered. The blank tested valuation showed the well-known advantages of the plastic materials in comparison with plaster of Paris. Within the group of the plastic materials distinct differences were also found.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMed1994

[Supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children with concomitant fracture of the ipsilateral forearm].

The mode of treatment used in 6 cases of combined supracondylar fracture of the humerus and ipsilateral forearm fracture is presented. Results were rated good, fair and poor according to both functional and radiological assessments. Three cases were good and 3 fair. One stage reduction of both fractures with plaster of Paris immobilization or olecranon traction has been performed. The results achieved are corresponding with those presented in the bibliography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Flexion contracture of the fingers as a result of digitorum profundus tenodesis at the site of radial metaphyseal fracture].

A case of patient with flexor digitorum profundus tenodesis at the site of metaphyseal fracture of the radius is presented. The open fracture occurred when the patient was 11 years old and was treated elsewhere with plaster of paris. Progressive flexion contracture of the middle, ring and little finger was treated surgically 7 years later. Full extension and good hand function has been achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Multilevel osteotomy with Rush pin fixation in treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta].

Fourteen multilevel osteotomies with Rush pin fixation have been performed in 5 children with osteogenesis imperfecta. The age of patients at the operation ranged from 6.5 to 15.5 years. Plaster of Paris immobilization never exceeded 8 weeks. An axial correction, improved ambulating and equalization of the limbs have been achieved in all cases. Complications of the method included varus deformity of the proximal tibia (1 case), migration of the pin (1 case) and supracondylar fracture of the femur at the level of pin end (2 cases).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of osteoporotic fracture in the aged].

Osteoporosis is defined pathologically as an absolute decrease in the amount of bone, leading to fracture after minimal trauma at the aged. Adults beyond the age of 60 years have higher incidence of fractures of the neck of the femur, the distal end of the femur, the proximal humerus, and the distal radius than adults of the races. In addition to the prolonged use of hospital beds, the complications are high and are mostly associated with long-term bed rest for elderly patients. Therefore, we should never be allowed to lie in bed at the aged. The goal of treatment must be to restore the patients to pre-traumatic status at the earliest possible time, and this can be achieved best through reduction and plaster-of-paris splint, internal fixation in a stable fashion that allows early ambulation.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Fracture and dislocation fracture of the os capitatum. Review of the literature and case report].

Capitate fractures are serious and rare carpal injuries. A case of a closed, isolated capitate fracture is presented. The largest fragment of the capitate, which was fractured at its waist, was dislocated with the wrist twisted in an ulnodorsal orientation. The supposed traumatic cause of the capitate fracture was a fall onto the outstretched and ulnar-deviated hand. After open reduction, osteosynthesis with K-wires was performed. Immobilization for 6 weeks in a plaster-of-Paris cast followed. The excellent functional result (according to the modified evaluation scale of Pechlaner/Beck) obtained after 15 months is demonstrated. Diagnosis and subsequent therapy should be as aggressive as in the case of scaphoid fractures. Different modalities and possible complications of an operative treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Ectopic bone induction by human fetal enamel proteins].

Mixture of amelogenin, enamelin and soluble dentin proteins with plaster of Paris and distilled water were implanted in the left thigh-muscle pouch of C57BL/6 T mice, and PLP or BSA/PLP were implanted in the contralateral limbs for controls. The hind limbs were examined by means of microradiographic and histological methods three weeks after the implantation. Implants of PLP, BSA/PLP or E/PLP did not evoke formation of new cartilage or bone. Roentgenography showed highly mineralized tissues in the implantation areas of A/PLP or D/PLP, histological examination confirmed this as induced new bone or cartilage formation. Thus it indicates that amelogenins and soluble dentin proteins have bone induction activity as bone morphogenetic protein, they could induce the differentiation of mesenchymal cell in the muscles into chondrocyte and osteocyte.

Amelogenin↗
PubMed1994

Equipment malfunction in common hand surgical procedures. Complications associated with the pneumatic tourniquet and with the application of casts and splints.

Pneumatic tourniquets and plaster of Paris splints and casts are the hallmarks of hand surgery, firmly entrenched as an adjunct in the routine treatment of upper extremity disorders. Because they are usually employed with a comparative degree of safety and because they are relatively simple devices from a technologic perspective. Little is written about them in the scientific literature. In this paper we extensively review their historical developments, physiologic effects, and common complications, and we attempt to provide a rationale for their safe and effective use.

Burns↗
PubMed1993

An alternative method of treating comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal radius.

Comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal radius will inevitably end in poor results if inadequately treated. We recommend an external fixator by two proximal and one distal Steinmann pins incorporated into a short plaster of Paris cast. This distraction method is easy, does not need special instrumentation, and is very cost-effective. Our method differs from previous methods in its simplicity and predictably good results if the recommended technique is followed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Management of lateral type B malleolar fracture with penetrating wires, cerclage and hemicerclage].

In this retrospective study 52 cases of malleolar fractures type B, that were treated with Kirschner wires, cerclages and hemicerclages, between 1981 and 1991 at the Männedorf Hospital, were compiled and completed with the corresponding synopsis. The results show that the osteosynthesis technique, in certain cases, is absolutely justifiable and represents a reliable alternative to tensile screw osteosynthesis. This procedure of osteosynthesis is a good method in comminuted fractures as well as osteoporotic bone, in which the screws grip badly. A minimum of osteosynthesis material is implanted in precarious soft tissue conditions. As in the tensile screw osteosynthesis, the removal of the material can be done ambulatory under local anaesthetic with stab incision. The functional after-treatment is not recommended. We suggested a postoperative plaster of Paris treatment for 6 weeks (2 weeks without and 4 weeks with strain). As the postoperative course shows comparable results, osteosynthesis of the lateral malleolar fracture type B with Kirschner wires, cerclages and hemicerclages represents a good variation to plate osteosynthesis and tensile screw osteosynthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Extensor tendon lacerations in horses: 50 cases (1982-1988).

Medical records of 50 horses with extensor tendon lacerations affecting 53 limbs over 7 years (1982 to 1988) were reviewed to determine the clinical features and prognosis for athletic soundness after treatment. Mean and median ages were 4.8 and 3 years, respectively. Eighty-nine percent of the injuries involved the hind limbs, with approximately equal distribution between the right and left limbs. Hind limb lacerations involved the long digital extensor tendon (28 limbs), lateral digital extensor tendon (3 limbs), or both tendons (16 limbs). Forelimb lacerations involved the common digital extensor tendon (2 limbs), lateral digital extensor tendon (1 limb), or both tendons (3 limbs). Joint involvement was found in 6 cases. Wound management varied according to wound characteristics, financial constraints of owners, and clinician preference. External coaptation consisted of a 3-layered cotton bandage in 33 limbs, splint and cotton bandage in 12 limbs, fiberglass or plaster-of-Paris cast in 5 limbs, and no form of coaptation in 3 limbs. Follow-up information for 40 cases at least 1 year after injury revealed that 29 (73%) horses had returned to athletic soundness, 7 (18%) horses were pasture sound, 3 horses were chronically lame, and 1 horse was euthanatized during treatment because of wound sepsis. Depending on the hind limb tendons involved, return to athletic soundness ranged from 62% (long digital and lateral digital extensor tendons lacerated) to 80% (long digital extensor tendon lacerated) The small number of forelimb lacerations precluded any comparative data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Bone lead measurement using X-ray fluorescence.

An in-vivo x-ray fluorescence (XRF) bone lead analyser, based on the Somervaille design, has been constructed and tested as the first step towards developing a deep bone lead analyser to expand the range of bone tissue available for assessment, to include more deep seated bones such as the femur & vertebrae. These bones represent a major component of the total body bone tissue and therefore the lead body burden. A new test analyser, constructed by modification to the basic design of a superficial bone analyser, has been used to investigate the feasibility of using changes in source-detector geometry and collimation to improve deep bone lead sensitivity for in-vivo measurement techniques. Initial results indicate that the relative detection sensitivity of the test analyser is approximately 6 times that of the Somervaille based system. The results of examination of a series of lead loaded plaster of paris phantoms (0 ppm - 360 ppm) confirmed there was good correlation (r = 0.996, p < 0.0005) between the measured ratio (lead X-rays/coherent scatter photons) and the lead concentrations using data from both XRF analyser systems.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1993

Coralline-sulfate bone substitutes.

Filling irregular defects caused by trauma or surgery with particulate bone substitutes usually results in migration of the particles from the wound. Coralline blocks have been used successfully to replace diseased bone. Immobilizing coralline particles should be useful in repairing bone defects. Coralline particles of < 45 microns were blended with < 45 microns particles of calcium or zinc sulfate (10%, 20% or 30%). Five gram blocks (20 x 10 mm) of the mixture were pressed at 800 pounds force. Blocks of coral-calcium sulfate were heated at 1000 degrees C and coral-zinc sulfate at 500 degrees C for two hours. The heated blocks were cooled, crushed and sized to < 45 microns particles. Distilled water (200-240 microliters) was added to 210 mg of coralline or coralline-sulfates. A circular rubber mold (10 x 4 mm) was filled with the paste and allowed to harden. Hardness was tested by applying pressure to the tablets at four minute intervals. Consistency equivalent to hardened plaster of Paris was recorded as maximum hardness. Coralline alone did not harden on addition of water. Mixing sulfates with coralline immobilized the particles to maximum hardness within 60 minutes on addition of water. Variation in the amounts of sulfate added (10%-30%) to coralline did not affect the hardening characteristics of the composite.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1995

[Etiopathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of stress fractures].

Stress fractures occur with strenuous activity and represent a unique and relatively rare traumatic entity. Their diagnosis is difficult and therapy accompanied with specific problems. The purpose of the presented study is to explain basic characteristics of stress fractures and to approximate possibility of diagnosis and treatment better. Out of 26 fractures, 22 (84.62%) were nondisplaced and managed by bed rest, non-weight bearing or plaster of Paris immobilization for eight to ten weeks. On the other hand, four primarily displaced fractures (15.38%) were successfully treated with rigid internal fixation. Four conservatively managed patients (18.18%), two with fractures of the tibia and two with fractures of the femoral neck, attained a secondary angulation and pseudoarthrosis of the fracture site and, for these reasons, recorded injuries demanded a compensatory surgery management. It is suggested that in case of suspectability of stress fractures it is beneficial to use, parallel to native radiographic study, the bone scan imaging techniques which in the earlier phase of the disease establishes the diagnosis. Treatment of the stress fractures should be, as a rule, conservative. Moreover, "fatigue" fractures of the tibia and femoral neck ask for more continuous observations and a serious access. If non weightbearing regiment and immobilization do not decrease the difficulties; and fracture patterns progress, or if fracture becomes displaced because of delayed diagnosis, open reduction and rigid internal fixation should be done without delay.

Adolescent↗