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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[At first a clear case: homicide by injury to the neck].

Reported is of a 33 year old female found dead in the basement of her home, manifesting strangulation/throttling marks on the neck. The attack on the throat was, however, not cause of death but a CO intoxication. This woman was killed by direct inhalation of 99% carbon monoxid administered by her husband (via a mask or hose). The carbon monoxid was obtained from a gas cylinder normally used for medical purposes.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Diagnosis and management of complications of self-injection injuries of the neck.

When IVDUs who lose peripheral access turn to their necks, they invite a spectrum of unique complications that require particular management and treatment. While many of these complications are infectious, other possibilities include vocal cord paralysis and needle fragment foreign bodies. Work-up of these patients must include a very thorough history and physical exam, particularly of the head and neck, complete with a laryngeal exam. All patients should undergo imaging studies, including plain films, CT or MRI of the neck, and other studies as appropriate. Laboratory studies should include HIV and hepatitis serologies. Because of the risks to the surgical team, neck explorations, when indicated, should be performed under general anesthesia with strict adherence to universal precautions. Further management includes early referrals to methadone clinics, although unfortunately poor patient compliance is usual. Public campaigns aimed at prevention are useful, although limited, and should be encouraged.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cranial and neck nerve injuries following carotid endarterectomy intervention. Review of the literature].

The aim of the study was to establish the operative techniques and findings that can influence the reported incidence of cranial and cervical nerve injuries. Eight main studies comprising 1,616 carotid endarterectomies and published over the period from 1990 to October 2000 were reviewed. There were no statistically significant differences between neck incision (vertical or transverse) and number of injuries. In one study, multiple deficits were observed most frequently in patients treated by the eversion technique (P = 0.2). Additional prospective trials are needed in large numbers of patients to assess the incidence of cranial and cervical nerve injuries. Most injuries are transient and involve the vagus and hypoglossal nerves. A number of factors related to the operation, such as general anaesthesia, eversion technique and the surgeon's experience, may influence the incidence of such injuries. Repeat endarterectomy is associated with a high incidence of cranial and/or cervical nerve injuries. This is extremely important for establishing the real advantage of endovascular angioplasty or stenting of the carotid artery.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Pedal-cycle injuries among children aged <6 years--Wisconsin, 2002-2004.

Measures to improve pedal-cycle safety and increase helmet use often target school-age children rather than younger children, even though preschool children wearing helmets have fewer injuries and are more likely to wear helmets in the future, compared with children who do not wear helmets. Children aged <6 years also use pedal cycles; whether they are passengers on a parent's bicycle, riding a tricycle or pedal car, or learning to ride a bicycle, these young cyclists often sustain injuries. To provide guidance for intervention strategies targeted to young children in Wisconsin, CDC and the Wisconsin Division of Public Health analyzed data collected from January 1, 2002 through December 31, 2004, from all nonfederal emergency departments (EDs) and hospitals in Wisconsin regarding pedal-cycle injuries among children aged <6 years. This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, during 2002--2004, a total of 2,046 ED visits by Wisconsin residents aged <6 years for pedal-cycle injuries occurred; for 1,305 (63.8%) of these visits, the primary diagnosis was a head or neck injury. These findings underscore the need for interventions designed to reduce head and neck injuries in the youngest users of pedal cycles.

Bicycling↗
PubMed1976

Nonfatal cervical spine injuries in interscholastic football.

The incidence of nonfatal neck injuries in high school football was determined by performing preseason examinations in 104 active high school players and 75 college freshman candidates. Coaches of all 430 Iowa high schools were asked to recall the number of players experiencing significant neck pain during the season. A detailed questionnaire for each injury was also completed by a sample population of 60 coaches. The incidence of roentgenographic evidence of neck injuries was as high as 32% and was related to years of experience. Injury was most likely to occur to a linebacker or a defensive halfback when they tackled the ball carrier. In the preseason examination, half the players who volunteered a history of significant neck pain had abnormal x-ray films.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Helmet use and motorcycle fatalities in Taiwan.

Motorcycle deaths accounted for more than half of total traffic fatalities in Taiwan in 2002. This study uses the police-reported crash data from Taiwan between 1999 and 2001 to estimate the effectiveness of helmets, simultaneously taking into account of sample selection bias. Sample selection arises because helmet usage will affect the probability of death or injury, which in turn influences whether a crash is included in the data. The results show that sample selection does not seriously bias the estimate of helmet effectiveness and helmets reduce the probability of death in a crash by 40%, which is higher than what was previously found. Without helmets, the number of motorcyclists killed in 2001 would have jumped by 51%. The estimated proportion of helmeted motorcyclists has increased from 71 to 78% between 1999 and 2001, suggesting that helmet use is rising after the implementation of mandatory helmet law in 1997. Also, helmets significantly reduce the likelihood of head and neck injuries in a crash by 53%, and lead to a 71% reduction in the probability of death caused by head and neck injuries.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2001

[Rendering surgical care to wounded with neck wounds in an armed conflict].

The results of rendering of the medical care (the first aid, qualified and specialized) obtained in 172 servicemen with neck injuries who stayed in Republic of Chechnya during the period from 09.08.1999 to 28.07.2000 were analyzed. Basing on the results of analysis and experience of casualties' treatment the authors discuss the problems of sequence and volume of surgical care in this group of casualties with reference to available medical evacuation system, surgical tactics at the stage of specialized care. They also consider the peculiarities of operative treatment of the casualties with neck injuries.

Hospitals, Military↗
PubMed1984

Hyoid bone elevation: a sign of tracheal transection.

Evaluation of traumatic neck injuries should include analysis of the position of the hyoid bone on the lateral radiograph. Location above the level of the third cervical body or a greater cornu located less than 2 cm from the angle of the mandible, or both, coupled with the finding of cervical soft-tissue air, should alert the radiologist that tracheal transection is likely and that immediate surgical exploration is required. Five cases of severe neck injury are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Tolerance of the cervical spine to eccentric axial compression.

Cervical spine injury resulting from compressive impact loading is a particularly devastating musculoskeletal injury due to the frequency of neurologic involvement. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of axial eccentricity on the tolerance of the cervical spine. Two functional spinal unit segments (3 adjacent vertebra and their intervening discs and soft-tissues) were dissected from the lower cervical spine of twenty-four human cadaver cervical spines and randomly assigned to one of three loading groups. The eight specimens were tested to failure in compression, compression-flexion, and compression-extension under displacement control on a high-rate MTS load frame. The resulting six-axis loads were measured and evaluated by injury mechanism (group). Statistically distinct (p < 0.01) injury mechanisms, in terms of measured axial eccentricity, were produced by each of the eccentric axial compression inputs (compression-flexion, compression-extension, and compression). The axial force at failure for the compression and compression-extension loading environments were nearly equal and significantly (p < 0.01) larger (4-times) than their counterpart in the compression-flexion group. Failure data were compared with the neck injury criteria (Nij) recently proposed by the NHTSA using the 50th percentile male and 5th percentile female injury reference values. The compression and compression-extension mechanisms produced Nij values near 1.0. The compression-flexion series resulted in significantly lower Nij values at failure (approx. 0.3, p < 0.01). The results of this study provide tolerance data for the cervical spine subjected to different compressive loading environments and may be used to enhance injury reference computations facilitating neck injury prevention.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of facial protection and the incidence of head, neck, and facial injuries in Junior A hockey players. A function of individual playing time.

A cohort of 282 elite amateur ice hockey players were analyzed to 1) record the number, type, location, and severity of head, neck, and facial injuries sustained during games; 2) examine the relationship between injuries and the type of facial protection (none, partial, or full) according to individual playing time; and 3) determine whether full or partial facial protection is associated with an increased incidence of concussions, eye injuries, and neck injuries. Fifty-two injuries (158.9 per 1000 player-game hours) occurred in players wearing no facial protection, 45 (73.5 per 1000 player-game hours) in players wearing partial facial protection (half shield), and 16 (23.2 per 1000 player-game hours) in players wearing full facial protection (full cage or shield). Players wearing no protection were injured at a rate more than twice that of players wearing partial protection and almost seven times higher than those wearing full protection. Concussions occurred in four players wearing no protection, five players wearing partial protection, and two players wearing full protection; these differences were not significant. The risk of eye injury was 4.7 times greater for players wearing no protection compared with those wearing partial protection. No eye or neck injuries occurred in players wearing full protection. This study demonstrates that both full and partial facial protection significantly reduce injuries to the eye and face without increasing neck injuries and concussions.

Athletic Injuries↗