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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Impact of preceptor counseling on medical resident prescription writing.

A collaborative study was conducted by pharmacists and the clinical preceptor of the otolaryngology outpatient clinic of the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB). This study focused on decreasing the percent of legal or procedural errors made by resident physicians. During the study period all prescriptions written by house staff were reviewed by a pharmacist for compliance to previously established criteria. Noncompliant prescriptions were photocopied by the pharmacist and recorded for review by the resident's clinical preceptor. After an 8-week period of baseline data collection, residents were counseled privately by the clinical preceptor and critique on their ability to write a legally and procedurally correct prescription. The residents were made aware of their major deficiencies to enable them to correct the problems. During an unannounced 4-week period, beginning 5 months after preceptor consultation, resident prescription writing was again audited. The result, an overall decrease of 78.5% in noncompliant prescriptions, illustrates that establishing lines of communication between pharmacists and physicians can demonstrably improve health care services. If this change in the quality of prescription writing could be achieved in all of the institution's ambulatory care clinics, an annual conservation of at least $57,000 in pharmacist salaries would be realized.

Drug Prescriptions↗
PubMed1997

[Antisemitism in medical-natural science and philosophical writings of Paracelsus].

During the "Third Reich", the famous German medical doctor Paracelsus (1493/94-1541) was often honoured as a forerunner of certain aspects of the "Nazi"-ideology. Especially some invectives against jews in his medical writings were often quoted in this context. But was he really the "racial" antisemite as the Nazis wanted to see him? In the present study the authors demonstrate in detail that Paracelsus, like many christian scholars in the early modern period, indeed was a propagator of a clear-cut antisemitism. But although he often used antisemitic stereotypes, his antisemitism was in no way "racial", and he was not one of the extremely radical antisemites of his time.

Germany↗
PubMed2006

How to read, understand, and write 'Discussion' sections in medical articles. An exercise in critical thinking.

Writing and reading 'Discussion' sections in medical articles require a procedure as exact and structured as that involved in raising questions, choosing materials and methods and producing results for a health research study. The medical article as a whole can be considered an exercise in modern argumentation and its 'Discussion' section, a systematic critical appraisal of a path from theses to conclusions. The methodology of modern critical thinking applies perfectly to article writing, reading, and understanding. Structuring the 'Discussion' section as a review of argumentation benefits more than the study and its authors. It allows the reader to grasp the real relevance and validity of the study and its usability for his or her decision-making in clinical and community care, research and health policies and program proposal, implementation, and evaluation.

Comprehension↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology course for medical students focuses on proposal writing.

Teaching epidemiology to medical students is often seen as a difficult, if not impossible, task. After experimenting with several other approaches, faculty at the West Virginia University School of Medicine have developed a course centered around the production of a research proposal using National Institutes of Health criteria and format. The course content, while comprehensive, emphasizes the clinical uses of epidemiology. Lectures are combined with self-study and individualized teaching to assist the students as they explore their chosen topic. This problem-solving approach to teaching and learning epidemiology in medical school has proved both effective and more acceptable to students, as evidenced by the quality of their research proposals, National Medical Examination Board Scores, student evaluations, and improved faculty-student interaction.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1994

Writing Arden Syntax Medical Logic Modules.

The Arden Syntax for Medical Logic Modules is a language for encoding medical knowledge bases that consist of independent modules. The Arden Syntax has been used to generate clinical alerts, diagnostic interpretations, management messages, and screening for research studies and quality assurance. An Arden Syntax knowledge base consists of rules called Medical Logic Modules (MLMs), which are stored as simple ASCII files that can be written on any text editor. An MLM is made of slots grouped into three categories: maintenance information, library information, and the actual medical knowledge. Most MLMs are triggered by clinical events, evaluate medical criteria, and, if appropriate, perform an action such as sending a message to a health care provider. This paper provides a detailed tutorial on how to write MLMs.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1982

Clinical reading and writing skills of junior medical students.

A three-year study was designed to assess general reading and writing skills of 231 entering medical students and to compare these scores with those of clinically oriented reading and writing skills in the same cohort of students three years later. Standardized reading and writing tests were administered to all entering freshmen in the class of 1982. Clinical reading and writing examinations were developed by the authors and members of the faculty. The reading test consisted of 16 multiple-choice questions in response to three short discussions in medical journals. Clinical writing was assessed through scoring each student's latter of referral to another physician after he read a "mock" chart of a patient's hospital care. The results showed that entry-level reading comprehension and clinical reading had a significant association as did entry-level English composition and clinical writing. Regression analysis showed that the entry-level reading and writing scores were better predictors of clinical reading and writing skills than any other prematriculation variables. The implications of these findings for medical education are discussed.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2005

Influence of community experiences on first-year medical students' reflective writing.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the usefulness of providing students with community-located experiences as a basis for reflection by observing the degree to which community-located experiences influenced the quality of a reflective writing exercise. Students were prepared for reflection by means of a lecture and a handout on the meaning, function and process of reflection. One hundred and twenty-eight students (66 Afrikaans-speaking, and 62 English-speaking) took part in the study. Initially, most students (71%) who revealed affect prior to the visit reported negative emotional states. For 54% of the students who revealed emotions upon arrival, positive emotional states replaced the negative and this increased to 67% as the visit continued. This represented the most important stage of the personal growth continuum, signifying awareness of perspective 'distortions'. The majority (94.3%) regarded the visit as being important prior to immersing themselves in the theory of primary healthcare. In the questionnaire survey, students were asked for their opinions on the value of reflective writing as a tool for promoting deep learning, as students' attitudes were considered an important determinant of increased uptake of this kind of activity. Reflective writing can be promoted through using a real-world experience as stimulus, and a framework for guiding students' thoughts.

Adult↗