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Results for “MELIOIDOSIS”

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PubMed2002

A mutant of Burkholderia pseudomallei, auxotrophic in the branched chain amino acid biosynthetic pathway, is attenuated and protective in a murine model of melioidosis.

Using a transposon mutagenesis approach, we have identified a mutant of Burkholderia pseudomallei that is auxotrophic for branched chain amino acids. The transposon was shown to have interrupted the ilvI gene encoding the large subunit of the acetolactate synthase enzyme. Compared to the wild type, this mutant was significantly attenuated in a murine model of disease. Mice inoculated intraperitoneally with the auxotrophic mutant, 35 days prior to challenge, were protected against a challenge dose of 6,000 median lethal doses of wild-type B. pseudomallei.

Amino Acids, Branched-Chain↗
PubMed2006

Multilocus sequence typing of historical Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates collected in Southeast Asia from 1964 to 1967 provides insight into the epidemiology of melioidosis.

A collection of 207 historically relevant Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates was analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The strain collection contains environmental isolates obtained from a geographical distribution survey of B. pseudomallei isolates in Thailand (1964 to 1967), as well as stock cultures and colony variants from the U.S. Army Medical Research Unit (Malaysia), the Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, and the Pasteur Institute (Vietnam). The 207 isolates of the collection were resolved into 80 sequence types (STs); 56 of these were novel. eBURST diagrams predict that the historical-collection STs segregate into three complexes when analyzed separately. When added to the 760 isolates and 365 STs of the B. pseudomallei MLST database, the historical-collection STs cluster significantly within the main complex of the eBURST diagram in an ancestral pattern and alter the B. pseudomallei "population snapshot." Differences in colony morphology among reference isolates were found not to affect the STs assigned, which were consistent with the original isolates. Australian ST84 is likely characteristic of B. pseudomallei isolates of Southeast Asia rather than Australia, since multiple environmental isolates from Thailand and Malaysia share this ST with the single Australian clinical isolate in the MLST database. Phylogenetic evidence is also provided suggesting that Australian isolates may not be distinct from those of Thailand, since ST60 is common to environmental isolates from both countries. MLST and eBURST are useful tools for the study of population biology and epidemiology, since they provide methods to elucidate new genetic relationships among bacterial isolates.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of a modified complement fixation test and an indirect hemagglutination test for the serodiagnosis of melioidosis in pigs.

A complement fixation test modified by the addition of porcine serum and an indirect hemagglutination test were used to detect antibodies to Pseudomonas pseudomallei in pigs. These tests together with cultural examinations were carried out with 250 pigs. The sensitivity and specificity values were 79.3 and 99.5% and 82.8 and 93.2% for the modified complement fixation and hemagglutination tests, respectively. When results from the combination of both tests were considered, the values were 86.2 and 92.8%, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Seronegative bacteremic melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei with ambiguous biochemical profile: clinical importance of accurate identification by 16S rRNA gene and groEL gene sequencing.

An aerobic gram-negative bacterium was isolated from the blood and sputum of an 84-year-old, chair-bound nursing home resident with acute bacteremic pneumonia. Although the phenotypic characteristics suggested that the bacterium could be Burkholderia pseudomallei, the Vitek 1 system (GNI+), which can successfully identify 99% of B. pseudomallei strains, showed that the bacterium was "unidentified." Immunoglobulin G against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of B. pseudomallei, as detected by an LPS-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with 95% sensitivity, was negative in both the acute-phase and convalescent-phase sera. Sequencing of the groEL gene showed that the isolate was B. pseudomallei. Proper identification of the bacterium in this study is crucial, since there would be a radical difference in the duration of antimicrobial therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Antibodies from patients with melioidosis recognize Burkholderia mallei but not Burkholderia thailandensis antigens in the indirect hemagglutination assay.

The indirect hemagglutination assay routinely used to detect antibodies to Burkholderia pseudomallei was modified to detect cross-reactivity of antibodies to B. pseudomallei, B. mallei, and B. thailandensis antigens. We demonstrate a lack of cross-reactivity between B. pseudomallei and B. thailandensis but marked cross-reactivity between B. pseudomallei and B. mallei.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Use of stable, sensitized cells in an indirect microhemagglutination test for melioidosis.

Two evaluations were carried out in this study. The first was a comparison of the standard tube test with the automated microtitration test for the detection of antibodies to Pseudomonas pseudomallei by the indirect hemagglutination method. Data from this comparison indicated that the tests were equivalent. The second evaluation consisted of reproducibility studies on two lots of pyruvic aldehyde-stabilized sensitized erythrocytes in comparison with freshly prepared sensitized erythrocytes in the automated microtitration test. The influence of different types of the microtitration plates used was also examined. Results indicated that the use of stabilized antigens is feasible, and these antigens offer the advantage of being ready for immediate use.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Melioidosis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMed1991

Melioidosis in a patient from Bangladesh.

A 54 year old Bangladeshi man presented with a history and chest X-ray appearances suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. Following deterioration 4 weeks later, he required ventilation. Although a blood culture isolate was subsequently found to be Pseudomonas pseudomallei, it was initially misidentified and dismissed as a contaminant. Further cultures demonstrated the organism, but the patient died, despite treatment with ceftazidime. The case illustrates the importance of taking a detailed travel history and having a high index of suspicion in patients from South East Asia and the Indian sub-continent, including Bangladesh, where the disease has not previously been considered endemic.

Bangladesh↗