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Results for “Kidney Cortex Necrosis”

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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

The effect of treatment with gum Arabic on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats: a preliminary study.

In the present work we assessed the effect of treatment of rats with gum Arabic on acute renal failure induced by gentamicin (GM) nephrotoxicity. Rats were treated with the vehicle (2 mL/kg of distilled water and 5% w/v cellulose, 10 days), gum Arabic (2 mL/kg of a 10% w/v aqueous suspension of gum Arabic powder, orally for 10 days), or gum Arabic concomitantly with GM (80mg/kg/day intramuscularly, during the last six days of the treatment period). Nephrotoxicity was assessed by measuring the concentrations of creatinine and urea in the plasma and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the kidney cortex, and by light microscopic examination of kidney sections. The results indicated that concomitant treatment with gum Arabic and GM significantly increased creatinine and urea by about 183 and 239%, respectively (compared to 432 and 346%, respectively, in rats treated with cellulose and GM), and decreased that of cortical GSH by 21% (compared to 27% in the cellulose plus GM group) The GM-induced proximal tubular necrosis appeared to be slightly less severe in rats given GM together with gum Arabic than in those given GM and cellulose. It could be inferred that gum Arabic treatment has induced a modest amelioration of some of the histological and biochemical indices of GM nephrotoxicity. Further work is warranted on the effect of the treatments on renal functional aspects in models of chronic renal failure, and on the mechanism(s) involved.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1986

Shigella dysenteriae type 1 enterocolitis.

Shigella dysenteriae type 1 is much more virulent than Shigella flexneri and sonnei which are endemic in Australia. This report describes a 22 year old woman who acquired Shigella dysenteriae type 1 whilst travelling in India. During the course of her illness, she developed severe enterocolitis for which a subtotal colectomy was performed. The illness resembled fulminant ulcerative colitis and its infectious nature was difficult to establish because several fecal cultures failed to grow the pathogen. Her infection was complicated by shigella bacteremia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and renal cortical necrosis which requires continued hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Acute diffuse interstitial fibrosing pneumonitis and bilateral renal cortical necrosis.

An autopsy case of a 69-year-old male with acute diffuse interstitial fibrosing pneumonitis complicated by bilateral renal cortical necrosis was presented. Autopsy revealed acute diffuse interstitial fibrosing pneumonitis, bilateral renal cortical necrosis, non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis, involving the aortic and mitral valves, and some interesting vascular lesions, dissemination of fibrinoid change of arterioles and fibrin thrombus of small vessels in various organs; accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the lumen of the smaller interlobular arteries and arterioles of the kidney with cellular infiltration and disintegration of the wall; severe disorganization of the wall with intraluminar and intramural fibrinous exudation in smaller branches of the hepatic artery; diminution and disarrangment of muscle fibers and patchy hyalinization in the media of the renal and interlobar arteries. The inter-relationship between acute diffuse interstitial fibrosing pneumonitis, bilateral renal cortical necrosis which may be regarded as a 'hallmark' of the generalized Shwartzman reaction, and disseminated intravascular coagulation was discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Anuria after delivery].

During the last decade certain peripartal complications decreased dramatically in industrialized countries. Here, a case of a 27 years old Caucasian primagravida will be presented. In the presence of symptoms of a severe preeclamptic condition with signs of an impending HELP syndrome the patient underwent Caesarean section. Within hours following surgery she developed complete anuria. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and histological evaluation of a renal biopsy led to the diagnosis of an acute, bilateral renal cortical necrosis. Besides the preeclamptic condition no further underlying disease was present, in particular no hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Following progress made in modern perinatal management renal cortical necrosis almost disappeared. Yet, in the presence of this disease a significant maternal morbidity and mortality still remains.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

2-Bromoethanamine nephrotoxicity in the nude mouse: an atypical targetting for the renal cortex.

Male MF1-nu/nu/Ola/Hsd nude mice, maintained in a gnotobiotic environment, were dosed i.p. with either 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg 2-bromoethanamine (BEA) hydrobromide to induce a model papillary necrosis. Renal histological changes were examined in semithin glycolmethacrylate resin sections at 24, 48 and 72 h after BEA treatment. The sequence of medullary changes included pyknosis of interstitial cell nuclei, increased staining of the interstitial mucopolysaccharide matrix, platelets adhering to capillary endothelium, necrosis of collecting duct epithelial cells and denudation of the covering epithelium of the papilla. This was similar to that previously described in the Wistar rat, but the time course was extended. There was also a concomitant and extensive cortical necrosis of the P2 and P3 segments of the proximal tubule, which was evident prior to the onset of renal papillary necrosis at the higher doses of BEA. Nude mice show an atypical response to BEA compared to several mouse and rat strains, the hamster and pig, that suggests unique characteristics in this athymic murine mutant.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Sex and strain differences in mouse kidney: Bowman's capsule morphology and susceptibility to chloroform.

Chloroform (CHCl3) produces liver damage in male and female mice but renal injury only in male mice. Previous reports demonstrated that the parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule in female mice is composed of squamous cells, whereas the parietal cells of Bowman's capsule from male mice consist of a mixture of squamous and cuboidal cells or purely cuboidal cells. These data suggested that the factor(s) associated with these histological differences may similarly be associated with factors that determine susceptibility to tubular damage from chloroform. The susceptibility of male mice to chloroform nephrotoxicity varies with animal strain. In the present study, administration of CHCl3 to male C57BL/6J (C57) and male and female DBA/2J (DBA) mice produced dose-dependent kidney tubular damage in male C57 and male DBA mice. However, CHCl3 nephrotoxicity was considerably greater in male DBA mice than in male C57 mice. Female DBA mice failed to develop renal damage following administration of CHCl3. Male DBA mice had a higher percentage of cuboidal parietal epithelial cells in Bowman's capsule whereas male C57 mice had a higher percentage of squamous cells in the parietal epithelium. The parietal epithelium in Bowman's capsule of female DBA mice was predominantly squamous. Since morphological differences between sex and strain of mice occurred in the capsular epithelium, and the differences in susceptibility to CHCl3 appear to be a tubular phenomenon, it is unlikely that there is a causal relationship between the structure of Bowman's capsule and chloroform-induced renal tubular necrosis; rather, these two independent phenomena are regulated by some common factor(s), possibly testosterone.

Alanine Transaminase↗