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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Abnormally-fucosylated serum haptoglobins in patients with inflammatory joint disease.

The fucosylation of haptoglobins is altered in rheumatoid arthritis. In order to investigate the clinical usefulness of this finding, serum levels of abnormally-fucosylated haptoglobins (FHp) have been assessed in defined and matched groups of patients with different inflammatory joint diseases. FHp was elevated in 16/17 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA); 1/20 patients with inactive rheumatoid arthritis; 1/11 patients with osteoarthritis; and 4/10 patients with seronegative polyarthritis. Raised FHp levels, therefore, are not disease-specific. There was no relationship between the duration of RA and the FHp level. The FHp expression in RA was also compared with other biochemical indices of disease activity. The degree of correlation between FHp and articular index, joint score and early-morning stiffness was very similar to that obtained for C reactive protein (CRP), and better than that obtained for erythrocyte sedimentation rate and haemoglobin. FHp, however, gives fewer false-positives than CRP in cases of inactive disease. until FHp can be measured more easily and cheaply, CRP estimation is still the biochemical test of choice in RA.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Differential diagnosis between osseous metastasis and degenerative joint disease of the vertebrae by bone SPECT: analysis by accumulation pattern].

To find whether or not bone SPECT can differentiate osseous metastasis from degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the vertebrae, 43 patients with increased vertebral uptake on bone scan, including 25 lesions with bone metastasis, 24 with DJD, and 4 with compression fractures due to osteoporosis, underwent bone planar scanning and SPECT. Increased accumulation in the vertebral lesions on bone SPECT transaxial images was classified into five accumulation patterns; mosaic, large hot, diffuse, peripheral and articular pattern. Mosaic, large hot and diffuse patterns were more frequently noted in patients with osseous metastasis (82%, 67% and 62%, respectively). On the other hand, 80% of the lesions with peripheral pattern and 70% of those with articular pattern were ascribed to DJD. In conclusion, bone SPECT provided much better anatomic information on the extent of 99mTc-MDP. Differential diagnosis between osseous metastasis and DJD of the vertebrae may be improved by bone SPECT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Validation of the clinical diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders for the diagnostic subgroup of degenerative joint disease.

Research is needed to assess the validity of the Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (CDC/TMD). The purpose of this study was to test the reliability of the clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) degenerative joint disease (DJD) as compared with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 'gold standard'. The TMJ DJD group comprised 48 joints in 24 consecutive patients who were assigned a clinical bilateral diagnosis of TMJ DJD. The TMJ non-DJD group consisted of 82 joints in 41 consecutive patients without a TMJ-related diagnosis of TMD. Bilateral sagittal and coronal MR images were obtained subsequently to establish the corresponding diagnosis of degenerative joint changes. An MRI diagnosis of osteoarthrosis (OA) was defined by the presence of flattening, subchondral sclerosis, surface irregularities, and erosion of the condyle or presence of condylar deformities associated with flattening, subchondral sclerosis, surface irregularities, erosion and osteophyte. For the CDC/TMD interpretations, the positive predictive of DJD for OA was 67%, and for the presence of degenerative joint changes 88%. The overall diagnostic agreement for DJD was 44.6% with a corresponding K-value of 0.01. Most of the disagreement was due to false-negative interpretations of asymptomatic joints. The results suggest CDC/TMD to be predictive for degenerative joint changes but insufficient for determination of OA. Patients assigned a clinical TMJ-related diagnosis of DJD may need to be supplemented by evidence from MRI to determine the presence or absence of OA.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Markers of inflammatory activation: upregulation of complement receptors CR1 and CR3 on synovial fluid neutrophils from patients with inflammatory joint disease.

Expression of the C3 receptors CR1 and CR3 was investigated on neutrophils from paired peripheral blood and synovial fluid samples from 34 patients with inflammatory joint disease (21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 13 patients with other articular diseases (OAD)). Using monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD35, anti-CD11b) and immunofluorescence flow cytometric analyses the percentages of positively labeled cells and the relative fluorescence intensities (as a measure of receptor number) were determined. CR1 and CR3 were found to be present on the majority (> 85%) of circulating neutrophils from normal subjects, RA and OAD patients, and on synovial fluid neutrophils from both patient groups. A strong correlation between neutrophil CR1 and CR3 expression was observed in peripheral blood samples from normal subjects (r = 0.81; P = 0.001), RA (r = 0.79; P = 0.001), and OAD patients (r = 0.83; P = 0.001); in each case the levels of CR3 expression were approximately twice those recorded for CR1. Both CR1 and CR3 expression was upregulated on synovial fluid neutrophils compared with that observed on the corresponding peripheral blood cells. Mean percentage increases observed were: RA patients: CR1, 16.5% (P < 0.001) and CR3, 28.7% (P < 0.001); and OAD patients: CR1, 4.1% and CR3, 26.9% (P = 0.001). Correlation of serum and synovial fluid IL-6, IL-8, and immune complex levels with neutrophil CR1 and CR3 expression failed to demonstrate any significant relationship between the concentrations of these soluble factors and receptor expression. Upregulation of CR1 and CR3 receptors, reflecting neutrophil activation within the inflamed joint, is a consistent finding in patients with inflammatory arthropathies.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The value of synovial fluid assays in the diagnosis of joint disease: a literature survey.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out a critical appraisal of the literature in an attempt to assess the current value of synovial fluid (SF) analysis in the diagnosis of joint disease. METHODS: A literature search was undertaken using the Medline, Biomed, Bids, Pubmed, and Embase electronic databases using the keywords: synovial fluid (SF) analysis, SF crystals, joint sepsis, acute arthritis, and SF cell counts, cytology, biomarkers, and microbiology. RESULTS: Publications fell into three main categories. Firstly, reports assessing the value of the three traditional assays (microbiology, white blood cell counts, and microscopy for pathogenic crystals). For these quality control evidence was found to be sparse, and tests for sensitivity, specificity, and reliability showed worrying variations. These poor standards in SF analysis may be due to lack of inclusion of some tests within routine pathology services. Secondly, claims for the usefulness of "new" assays (cytology and biochemical markers). For cytology, the supporting evidence was mainly anecdotal and there were no reports on specificity, sensitivity, and reliability. Interpretation difficulties are a major hindrance to the clinical use of biochemical assays, which remain primarily research tools. Finally, work on the diagnostic value of SF analysis in general. The appraisal confirmed that SF analysis remains of major diagnostic value in acute arthritis, where septic arthritis or crystal arthropathy is suspected, and in intercritical gout. CONCLUSIONS: Given the importance of SF tests, rationalisation of their use, together with improved quality control, should be immediate priorities. Further investigation is recommended into the contribution of SF inspection and white cell counts to diagnosis, as well as of the specificity and sensitivity of SF microbiological assays, crystal identification, and cytology.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Charcot joint disease in diabetes mellitus.

Vascular surgeons are frequently asked to evaluate diabetic patients with foot problems. While most of these patients present with diabetic foot ulcerations, there is a significant number of patients who have a concomitant Charcot arthropathy. Charcot neuropathic arthropathy, also know as Charcot joint disease (CJD), is a progressive, degenerative arthropathy associated with various types of neuropathic diseases; however, diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of CJD today. CJD targets the joints of the foot, leading to structural foot deformities and a threatened limb. Unfortunately, early signs of the disease are subtle and often go unrecognized until severe structural deformities have occurred. At this stage, the risk of developing pedal ulcerations, osteomyelitis, and a threatened limb has increased significantly. Early detection and immediate treatment of CJD is paramount in preventing the devastating deformities. The purpose of this article is to present a detailed overview of CJD in patients with diabetes mellitus and discuss the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, detection modalities, and various treatment modalities.

Arthropathy, Neurogenic↗
PubMed1985

Mseleni joint disease in 1981: decreased prevalence rates, wider geographical location than before, and socioeconomic impact of an endemic osteoarthrosis in an underdeveloped community in South Africa.

Mseleni joint disease (MJD), an endemic osteoarthrosis, was first described in 1970, localized to Kwa Zulu, South Africa. In 1981 another survey was conducted (1) to see whether prevalence had changed, (2) to estimate the prevalence in areas not previously surveyed and (3) to estimate its socioeconomic impact. A 5% stratified random sample of homesteads was selected and five local interviewers surveyed 333 kraals, interviewing 333 individuals, obtaining information on 3368 live members of these homesteads. Overall prevalence rates were 7.4% in 1566 females and 3.0% in 1179 males (age or sex unknown in 623). The previously affected area still had the highest prevalence rates, but they were significantly lower than before, even if only residents of at least ten years' duration were considered. These consistently lower age-specific prevalence rates are compatible with a decline in incidence rate, possibly because of disappearance of an environmental causal agent. Prevalence rates for females in some areas not previously surveyed were between 5 and 10%, suggesting that a larger area than stated before is affected. The proportions of severely disabled individuals are the same as reported in 1973 but greater in number considering the larger area affected. Of these, an estimated 67% of males and 47% of females are not receiving disability grants. Fifty per cent of children (aged 6-25 years) of affected parents have had no schooling compared with 30% of children of unaffected parents. This study also highlighted several methodological problems unique to rural research. It is suggested that while aetiological research should continue, the existing prevalence of MJD has major social, economic and health care implications, for which solutions should be researched as a high priority.

Adolescent↗