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PubMed2004

Atypical epithelial proliferation in fallopian tubes in prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy specimens from BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutation carriers.

Although growing numbers of tubal carcinomas in carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations have been reported, very little is known about the nature and frequency of their possible precursor lesions. The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of atypical proliferative tubal lesions in grossly normal fallopian tubes from 26 women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations who underwent prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy and whose ovaries were histologically negative for carcinoma. Fallopian tubes from 49 women who had undergone hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy for uterine leiomyoma served as controls. In the 22 BRCA1-mutated women, there were two in situ carcinomas and two atypical hyperplasias of the tubal epithelium. The tubes of the BRCA2-mutated women and of the 49 control women did not show any atypical proliferation. The frequency of proliferative lesions of the tubal epithelium, including in situ carcinoma, appears to be increased in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Removal and thorough examination of the fallopian tubes at the time of surgical prophylaxis for ovarian cancer is therefore recommended.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1996

alpha-Fetoprotein-producing (hepatoid) carcinoma of the fallopian tube.

This report describes a case of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing carcinoma of the fallopian tube. The patient was a 52-year-old woman who presented with an abnormally high serum level of AFP. A left adnexal mass was discovered in the subsequent close examination. Hysterectomy and adnexectomy revealed a 3 x 3 x 4-cm tumor in the fimbriae of the left tube. Histologically and immunohistochemically, the tumor was diagnosed as an AFP-producing (hepatoid) carcinoma arising in the fallopian tube. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such a tumor appearing in the tube. This case supports the view that hepatoid cells may also arise from the müllerian epithelium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Therapeutic value of selective salpingography for infertile women with patent fallopian tubes: the impact on pregnancy rate.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the therapeutic value of selective salpingography (SSG) for infertile women with patent fallopian tubes. DESIGN: Retrospective, case-control analysis. SETTING: University Hospital, infertility clinic. PATIENTS: Infertile cases with patent tubes documented by hysterosalpingography (HSG) or by HSG followed by laparoscopic examination (n = 80). INTERVENTION(S): Hysteroscopic SSG. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Patency rate of tubes by SSG. Pregnancy rate following SSG. RESULT(S): Eighty cases were divided into the study group (SSG performed, 37 cases) and the case-control group (SSG not performed, 43 cases). Successful SSG of at least one tube was obtained in all of 37 cases (100%) in whom SSG was attempted. A patency rate of 95.9% was documented in the 73 cannulated tubes of these cases. The total subsequent pregnancy rate (48.6%) within 12 months of follow-up after SSG was significantly higher than that (11.6%) obtained in the control group (p < 0.001). The cumulative pregnancy rate in the study group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION(S): The findings of the present study encourage the application of SSG to infertile women, either as a sole therapeutic approach or in association with other methods of assisted reproductive technology, even if their fallopian tubes are shown to be patent by HSG.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Early detection of primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube by endovaginal ultrasound.

About 0.5% of all gynecological malignancies in Sweden are primary fallopian tube carcinomas. Early diagnosis is difficult due to the paucity of symptoms. However, the diagnosis should be entertained in the presence of abnormal vaginal bleeding not explained by gynaecological examination and biopsy of the cervix and endometrium. The possibility of tubal carcinoma should be considered in patients with persistent vaginal discharge and lower abdominal pain without apparent explanation. An early case of fallopian tube carcinoma detected by endovaginal ultrasound is described.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Isolated torsion of the fallopian tube in premenarcheal girls.

The authors report on two premenarcheal girls, ages 4 and 13 years, with isolated torsion of the fallopian tube, an extremely rare condition. The fallopian tube was salvaged by detorsion in the younger girl, the first salvage described in the English literature on children. The mechanism of the isolated torsion and the clinical implications are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Benign solid teratoma of the fallopian tube with rupture into the rectum: report of a unique rectal tumor.

Solid teratoma of the fallopian tube is rare. A case of a benign solid teratoma of the fallopian tube that ruptured into the rectum is presented. This is believed to be the first report of this occurrence, which should be included in the differential diagnosis of the rectal mass. Any suspicion of this lesion should mitigate against a posterior approach for resection, as the rectum can be expected to be fixed to other pelvic viscera.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Salpingitis isthmica nodosa: technical success and outcome of fluoroscopic transcervical fallopian tube recanalization.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the technical success and outcome of fallopian tube recanalization (FTR) in salpingitis isthmica nodosa (SIN). METHODS: SIN is a well-recognized pathological condition affecting the proximal fallopian tube and is associated with infertility and ectopic pregnancy. We reviewed the presentations, films, and case records of all patients attending for FTR for infertility from 1990 to 1994. Technical success and total, intrauterine, and ectopic pregnancy rates at follow-up were determined. RESULTS: SIN was observed in 22 of 349 (6%) patients. FTR was attempted in 34 tubes in these 22 patients. Technical success was achieved in 23 of 34 (68%) tubes affected by SIN. In 5 of the 11 failed recanalizations, failure was due to distal obstruction. At least one tube was patent on selective postprocedural salpingography in 17 of 22 (77%) patients. There were no recorded perforations or complications. At follow-up (mean 14 months), total, intrauterine, and ectopic pregnancy rates were 23%, 18%, and 4.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: FTR in SIN is technically successful and, compared with previously reported results in unselected infertility patients, is associated with only a slightly less favorable intrauterine pregnancy rate and a comparable ectopic pregnancy rate. The findings of SIN at FTR should not discourage attempted fluoroscopic transcervical recanalization.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Fallopian tube prolapse after hysterectomy. A report of two cases.

Two patients were treated for fallopian tube prolapse after abdominal hysterectomy. This rare complication is usually seen after vaginal hysterectomy. Our patients presented with a profuse, blood-tinged vaginal discharge and lower abdominal pain two and three months after hysterectomy. The tender, fimbriated end of the fallopian tube must be distinguished from common cuff granulation tissue, one patient underwent painful cautery treatments for over a year before the correct diagnosis was made. Biopsy of the prolapsed tissue in both cases failed to provide the correct diagnosis. In cases reported on previously, repair of the prolapsed tube usually was accomplished transvaginally, but in one of our patients laparotomy was required to control bleeding from the retracted proximal tube. The other patient had her prolapsed tube diagnosed and resected laparoscopically. This technique, described in detail, has the advantage of avoiding more-extensive surgery in selected cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Isolated torsion of the Fallopian tube in a 15-year old adolescent. About one case].

Isolated torsion of the Fallopian tube is an uncommon event. Surgery is often necessary to establish the diagnosis. This report focuses on a 15-year old female who presented with acute pelvic pain. Pelvic ultrasound showed an adnexal mass. The laparoscopy performed confirmed the diagnosis of isolated tubal torsion. Based on this experience as well as on other similar reported cases, characteristics of isolated torsion of the Fallopian tube are discussed. This pathology should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute pelvic pain in the female patient. Prompt surgical intervention may allow for preservation of the tube.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Pure embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the fallopian tube.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a neoplasm of childhood which commonly arises in the genitourinary tract. Reported locations include the bladder, prostate, paratestis, vagina, uterus, cervix, and ovary. Rhabdomyosarcomas have been reported to occur in the fallopian tube only as a component of a malignant mixed müllerian tumor. We present a case of pure embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the fallopian tube in a 17-year-old. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical stains. The strongest evidence for the primary location of this pure embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was the gross appearance of the tumor at laparotomy. Additionally, rhabdomyosarcomas arising from adjacent organs have never been reported to grow into the fallopian tubes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Treatment of fallopian tube cancer. Review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To contribute toward the understanding of the therapeutic management of fallopian tube cancer. METHODS: Recent studies related to the treatment of fallopian tube cancer were reviewed. RESULTS: Current evidence indicates that even patients in early stages have nodal disease, and often experience relapses in distant sites. In advanced stages, survival prolongation by the use of platinum-based chemotherapy has been demonstrated. Aggressive cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy and negative second-look laparotomy offer the possibility of long-term survival. However, a significant fraction of patients eventually relapses after negative second-look laparotomy, and a poor survival rate after positive second-look laparotomy has been observed. CONCLUSIONS: This series suggests the need for thorough evaluation of lymph nodes at the time of surgery. The use of platinum-based chemotherapy is probably the best adjuvant therapy for both early stages and advanced stages. The clinical value of second-look laparotomy will remain limited until effective salvage therapy is developed. The potential benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the use of paclitaxel will be increasingly important.

Fallopian Tube Neoplasms↗
PubMed2002

Laparoscopic microsurgical anastomosis of the blocked, solitary post-ectopic Fallopian tube: case report.

The surgical options for the management of ectopic pregnancy include linear salpingotomy or salpingectomy. If salpingotomy is performed, subsequent tubal blockage may result and if this occurs in a solitary Fallopian tube then assisted reproductive technology is recommended as the treatment of choice. We describe a case report detailing the application of laparoscopic microsurgical tubal reanastomosis in two patients with post-ectopic blockage in a solitary Fallopian tube. Both patients conceived post-operatively and subsequently delivered term pregnancies. Laparoscopic microsurgery offers an alternative to assisted reproductive technology in patients with post-ectopic tubal obstruction in a single Fallopian tube.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of nifedipine on contractive motility and ciliary ultrastructure of rabbit fallopian tube].

The effects of nifedipine (Nif) on the motility of isolated isthmus of rabbit Fallopian tube were studied in comparison with those of verapamil (Ver) and cinnarizine (Cin). Nif (0.01 mumol.L-1), Ver (0.03 mumol.L-1), and Cin (3 mumol/L-1) inhibited the spontaneous contraction, and the contraction caused by norepinephrine (NE). The pD'2 values of Nif, Ver, and Cin were 6.86, 6.13, and 4.43, respectively. Moreover, both Nif and Ver delayed the ovum transport through the Fallopian tube 48 h after iv chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Nif did not modify the ultrastructure of the ampulla ciliary microtubule, but it influenced the mitochondrial structure and caused an irregular ciliary motion.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Fallopian tube carcinoma--a review.

Although a common site of metastases, primary fallopian tube carcinoma comprises only 0.3% of all gynaecological malignancies. Presenting symptoms are variable and non-specific, with preoperative diagnosis rarely entertained. The FIGO system assigns nearly two-thirds of patients to stage I or II and is based on surgical staging criteria similar to those for ovarian cancer. Likewise, management is based on that for ovarian cancer-radical debulking followed by platinum-based combination chemotherapy. Five-year survival for patients with disease confined to the tube at diagnosis (stage I) is only about 60% and only 10% of patients with advanced disease will be cured.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed2004

Endometrioid carcinoma of the fallopian tube resembling a female adnexal tumor of probable wolffian origin.

Endometrioid carcinoma of the fallopian tube resembling a female adnexal tumor of probable wolffian origin (FATWO) is a rare, recently delineated, low-grade carcinoma that may be confused with both FATWO and high-grade carcinoma. Only about 20 cases have been reported so far, but it probably represents almost half of the endometrioid carcinomas of the fallopian tube. It has a better prognosis than conventional tubal endometrioid and serous carcinomas. Macroscopically, the tumors form a small, solid, polypoid mass that is usually confined within the tube. Microscopically, the tumors are characterized by proliferations of spindle cells in whorls and closely packed confluent elongated glands with focal tubular, sieve-like, and papillary structures. Unlike FATWO, this variant of endometrioid carcinoma exhibits focal squamous differentiation, intraluminal mucin, mild to moderate nuclear atypia, and occasional mitosis. Unlike FATWO, tumor cells are negative for inhibin-alpha and calretinin.

Carcinoma, Endometrioid↗
PubMed1999

Correlation of asbestos fiber burdens in fallopian tubes and ovarian tissue.

Evidence suggests an increased risk of ovarian cancer with asbestos exposure. Ovaries and corresponding fallopian tubes were studied by analytic electron microscopy. There was 71.4% agreement between tube and ovary for presence-type of asbestos. The fallopian tube can provide useful information regarding asbestos exposure when no ovarian tissue is available.

Asbestos↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunocytochemical localization of transforming growth factor-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor in human fallopian tubes and cumulus cells.

PROBLEM: Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) has been shown to be a potent stimulant of oocyte maturation and embryonic development. The role of maternal growth factors and their mechanism of action in early mammalian development is not well understood. METHOD: In this study, the presence of TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in human cumulus cells and fallopian tubes was investigated by immunocytochemical techniques. RESULTS: The fallopian tube showed intense staining for TGF-alpha in the apical region of the epithelial cells, and the cumulus cells showed intense staining for EGF-R on cell membranes. CONCLUSION: The presence of TGF-alpha in the fallopian tube epithelium and its receptor on cumulus cells suggest a paracrine mechanism between maternal growth factors and the developing embryo.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed2005

The significance of Doppler flow and anamnesis in the diagnosis of fallopian tube cancer.

By following Doppler flow of the small pelvis with laboratory parameters and anamnesis data, we obtained more precise diagnostic possibilities for timely discovering of malignant processes in adnexal region and fallopian tube. By following patients who had come for routine check ups, prompted by a positive family history for malignant processes, resistant indexes of blood vessels in the adnexal region and vascularisation pattern were determined. Out of 78 women observed in the postmenopausal period with diagnosed adnexal masses, we found two cases of fallopian tube cancer. Resistance indexes ranged between 0.20 and 0.30 during a one-month period. Hystopathological analysis pointed to fallopian tube cancer. Besides Doppler flow, only patient history of amber extract use was significant. By CA 125 marker analysis, we found an increased value but not signifiant enough. Both patients had a positive family history according to the female hereditary line.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗