Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Drug Incompatibility”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Interaction of sucralfate with antibiotics used for selective decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract.

The interactions of sucralfate with colistin sulfate, with tobramycin sulfate, and with amphotericin B were studied. Sucralfate 500 mg was added to 40 mL of distilled water adjusted to pH 3.5 with hydrochloric acid. Stock solution of one of the three antibiotics was added to give a final colistin concentration of 50 mg/L (as the sulfate salt), final tobramycin concentration of 50 mg/L (as the sulfate salt), and final amphotericin B concentration of 25 mg/L. Samples were removed from each sucralfate-antibiotic mixture at 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes and analyzed for antibiotic concentration by high-performance liquid chromatography (colistin), enzyme immunoassay (tobramycin), and spectrophotometry (amphotericin B). To determine if any interaction was reversible, the mixtures were stored for 90 minutes without sampling, the pH was adjusted to 6.5-7.0, and samples were removed and analyzed. All tests were performed in triplicate, and the temperature was maintained at 25 degrees C. Significant drug loss was observed starting at five minutes for each antibiotic-sucralfate mixture. This effect was not reversible in the less acidic environment. The concentrations of colistin, tobramycin, and amphotericin B declined rapidly when each drug was combined separately with sucralfate.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1993

Stability of flumazenil with selected drugs in 5% dextrose injection.

The compatibility and stability of flumazenil mixed with aminophylline, dobutamine hydrochloride, dopamine hydrochloride, cimetidine hydrochloride, famotidine, ranitidine hydrochloride, heparin sodium, lidocaine hydrochloride, or procainamide hydrochloride were studied. Flumazenil (1.0 mg) was mixed with each of the other drugs in polyvinyl chloride minibags containing 50 mL of 5% dextrose injection to achieve concentrations commonly used when the drugs are administered by continuous i.v. infusion. All admixtures were analyzed for color change, pH, and particulate matter. Flumazenil concentrations were measured by a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic assay at baseline and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after mixing. No detectable changes in color, pH, or particulate matter were observed. In the presence of each drug except dopamine hydrochloride, at least 95% of initial flumazenil concentration was present 24 hours after mixing. Flumazenil in the presence of dopamine hydrochloride was stable for 12 hours. Flumazenil was visually compatible and chemically stable when admixed with 5% dextrose injection and selected drugs.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1993

[The main factors influencing the toxicity of Chinese materia medica].

This paper discusses the main factors influencing the toxicity of Chinese materia medica in respect of compatibility, dosage, processing, drug form, decoction preparation and channel of administration, then proceeds to expound the different ways these factors influence the toxicity of Chinese materia medica, mainly increasing, reducing, producing and accumulating toxicity, and thus provides theoretical basis for clinical rational administration of Chinese materia medica.

Dosage Forms↗
PubMed1993

Compatibility and stability of ondansetron hydrochloride, dexamethasone, and lorazepam in injectable solutions.

The stability of ondansetron hydrochloride, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, and lorazepam in 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) minibags and glass bottles was studied. Triplicate solutions of 8 or 32 mg of ondansetron (as the hydrochloride salt) mixed with 20 mg of dexamethasone phosphate (as the sodium salt) with or without 2 mg of lorazepam were compounded in 50-mL PVC minibags and glass bottles containing either 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection and stored at 23-25 degrees C. Duplicate measurements were performed when drugs were added and at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours after addition. Samples of the 32-mg ondansetron admixtures were collected under aseptic conditions to inspect for precipitation and to count particles with a laser particle analyzer. Samples of all admixtures were evaluated for chemical stability by stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography. Ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone were physically compatible and chemically stable for up to 24 hours under the study conditions. The concentration of lorazepam in PVC containers dropped below 90% of the original concentration within four hours. In addition, particle counts in lorazepam-containing solutions were higher when 0.9% sodium chloride injection was the diluent than when 5% dextrose injection was the diluent. In admixtures containing all drugs, ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection were stable for up to 24 hours when stored in PVC bags or glass bottles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dexamethasone↗
PubMed1993

[Variation in the blood lipids in premature newborns during the use of the "all-in-one" total nutritional mixture].

This prospective study was performed for the evaluation of the lipids in serum; the metabolic and other effects related with septicaemia, stability and compatibility of the parenteral nutrition combining in one continent amino acids, carbohydrates and fats; this system is called nutritional total mixture, "all in one" or three in one. Twenty prematures neonates were included in the study. The variables analyzed were: weight, gestational age; the laboratory exams taken before the installation of the system and seven days after were: total lipids, triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, urea nitrogen, creatinine, hepatic enzymes and proteins, cellular blood count and coagulations tests. We obtained the next results: the mean gestational age and weight were 34 +/- 5 weeks and 1327 +/- 172 g, have been observed rise of lipids (P < 0.001), declination of potassium levels (P < 0.001), increment of calcium levels (P < 0.001), increment of albumin (P < 0.001) and platelets (P < 0.01). It is concluded that nutritional total mixture is a sure method in management of premature newborn with good stability, compatibility, with a increment of fats in serum physiological levels, with metabolic tolerance without repercussion renal, hepatic, hematological and without infections.

Drug Incompatibility↗
PubMed1993

Stability of hydralazine hydrochloride syrup compounded from tablets.

The stability of hydralazine hydrochloride in an oral syrup and with various adjuvants that might be used in a liquid formulation was studied. A syrup containing triturated hydralazine hydrochloride 50-mg tablets, a maltitol-based syrup vehicle, and other additives was prepared; the theoretical initial concentration of hydralazine hydrochloride was 1.25 mg/mL. Three samples were each stored at 5, 40, 50, 60, and 70 degrees C. Drug concentration was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography at times ranging from 2 to 23 days. In a second study, five 50-mL solutions were prepared: (1) hydralazine 1% with no pH adjustment, (2) hydralazine 1% with pH adjusted to 6.33, (3) hydralazine 1% and edetate disodium 1% with no pH adjustment, (4) hydralazine 1% and edetate sodium 1% with no pH adjustment, and (5) hydralazine 1% and sodium bisulfite 1% with no pH adjustment. Drug concentration was determined after storage for one week at 50 degrees C. There was apparent first-order degradation of hydralazine hydrochloride at all temperatures. An Arrhenius plot was used to calculate a shelf life of the syrup of 5.13 days at 25 degrees C. There were no changes in pH or physical appearance. In the second study, hydralazine hydrochloride solution turned yellow immediately after edetate sodium [corrected] was added; at one week the loss of drug was 29%. Addition of sodium bisulfite caused a more intense yellow coloration, and loss of drug at one week was 80%. Changes in pH were minimal. An Arrhenius plot showed that hydralazine hydrochloride was relatively unstable in an oral syrup at room temperature.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic↗
PubMed1993

Compatibility of cyclosporine with fat emulsion.

The compatibility of cyclosporine with fat emulsion was studied. Admixtures consisted of cyclosporine injection at final drug concentrations of 0.5 and 2.0 mg/mL in 10% and 20% fat emulsion. Fat emulsion stability was determined by visual inspection, pH testing, and particle-size measurements at 0, 24, and 48 hours. Cyclosporine stability was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography at the same intervals. The admixtures were stored in glass containers at 23-25 degrees C under fluorescent light. Mean particle diameters remained relatively constant in all the admixtures throughout the study period. No particles larger than 6 microns were observed. Cyclosporine retained more than 96% of its initial concentration in all the admixtures. There were no changes in color or consistency, and pH did not vary by more than 0.11 pH unit. Cyclosporine 0.5 or 2 mg/mL was compatible with 10% or 20% fat emulsion at room temperature in glass containers for up to 48 hours.

Cyclosporine↗
PubMed1993

Stability and compatibility of minocycline hydrochloride and rifampin in intravenous solutions at various temperatures.

The stability and compatibility of minocycline hydrochloride and rifampin in intravenous solutions at several temperatures were studied. Triplicate test solutions of (1) minocycline hydrochloride 0.1 mg/mL or rifampin 0.1 mg/mL in 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection and (2) minocycline hydrochloride 0.1 mg/mL admixed with rifampin 0.1 mg/mL in 0.9% sodium chloride injection were prepared and stored at various temperatures. Samples were removed at intervals for up to seven days and stored at -70 degrees C until analyzed. Drug concentration was measured by stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography. Compatibility was assessed by visual and turbidimetric examination. For the solutions containing the drugs separately, minocycline hydrochloride was stable in both diluents, with the initial concentration declining by 8% at 24 degrees C and 2% at 4 degrees C over seven days. Rifampin was less stable, losing 6-8% of the initial concentration in three days at 4 degrees C and 5-7% in 8 hours and 13-17% in 24 hours at 24 degrees C. There was no change in turbidity in the solutions containing either minocycline hydrochloride or rifampin. The admixture, however, was turbid after 72 hours at 37 degrees C. Minocycline hydrochloride in the admixture was stable for seven days at 24 and 4 degrees C but not for three days at 37 degrees C. The concentration of rifampin decreased 20% in one day at 24 degrees C, 8-10% in three days at 4 degrees C, and 14% in 4 hours and 40% and in 24 hours at 37 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1993

Stability and compatibility of fluconazole and aminophylline in intravenous admixtures.

The stability of aminophylline and fluconazole in intravenous admixtures containing both drugs was studied. Admixtures containing aminophylline 2.0 or 1.0 mg/mL and fluconazole 1.5 or 0.5 mg/mL in 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection were prepared. Each admixture was prepared in triplicate in glass containers and kept at 24 degrees C. Immediately after preparation and at one, two, and three hours, samples were visually inspected, tested for pH, and assayed in duplicate by high-performance liquid chromatography for theophylline concentration and fluconazole concentration. More than 98% of the initial aminophylline and fluconazole concentrations remained at each test interval. There was no visible evidence of precipitation, gas formation, or color change. No appreciable change in pH occurred during the study period. Aminophylline 1.0-2.0 mg/mL and fluconazole 0.5-1.5 mg/mL admixed in 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection were stable and compatible for up to three hours at 24 degrees C.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed1993

Stability of midazolam hydrochloride in parenteral nutrient solutions.

The compatibility and stability of midazolam hydrochloride in three parenteral nutrient (PN) solutions and the stability of 15 amino acids in the presence of midazolam hydrochloride were studied. Six combinations of three PN solutions with amino acid concentrations of 1.5%, 2.5%, and 5% and two midazolam concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL) were prepared in triplicate and stored at room temperature under normal fluorescent lighting. Duplicate samples were visually inspected for color change, precipitation, or gas formation and tested for pH. The samples were evaluated for midazolam and amino acid content by high-performance liquid chromatography at zero, one, three, and five hours. Midazolam and amino acid concentrations did not change significantly during the study. There was no evidence of color change, precipitation, or gas formation with any midazolam-PN solution combination when the combinations were examined visually and under a microscope, and no substantial changes in pH occurred. Midazolam 0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL (as the hydrochloride salt) was stable in the three PN solutions studied; in addition, the amino acids present in the 1.5%, 2.5%, and 5% amino acid PN solutions were stable when combined with midazolam at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL.

Amino Acids↗