Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DERMATITIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Contact dermatitis in the textile industry: a review of 72 patients.

BACKGROUND: Occupational skin disease can cause significant morbidity in textile industry workers. Both allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) have been reported. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize and determine the relative frequency of work-related ACD and ICD in textile workers. METHODS: Seventy-two textile industry workers seen during a 5-year period were evaluated for possible work-related contact dermatitis. All patients underwent patch testing with a screening series. Many patients (70%), depending on occupational exposures, also underwent testing with a textile dye and finish series and additional patch tests of specific workplace materials. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients (29%) were diagnosed as having a predominantly work-related ACD. Relevant allergens included textile dyes, textile finishes, and rubber allergens. Twenty-seven patients (38%) were diagnosed as having primarily a work-related ICD. Five patients (7%) were believed to have combined work-related ACD and ICD. Nineteen patients (26%) were believed to have purely non-work-related allergens, irritants, atopy, or other dermatoses as the major factors in their skin disease. The hands were the most common site of involvement. Of the 40 patients with occupational exposure to raw textile products 36 (90%) had a work-related dermatitis and only 4 (10%) had a non-work-related dermatitis. CONCLUSION: In the 72 textile workers evaluated in our clinic, occupational exposures were an important cause of skin disease (74% in our series). Textile workers with job exposures to raw textile materials are at highest risk for work-related dermatitis. Textile industry workers with essentially no textile product exposure were more likely to have non-work-related dermatoses. ICD was only slightly more frequent than ACD. The hands were the most common site of involvement. Because relevant allergens (work-related and non-work-related) were more common than expected, we emphasize the importance of patch testing with standard screening allergens in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with dermatitis who work in the textile industry. In addition, textile dye and finish allergens should also be tested in this patient population, particularly those patients with any textile product exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction with a histological pattern of interstitial granulomatous dermatitis.

The interstitial granulomatous drug reaction (IGDR) is a novel drug-associated entity, characterized by violaceous plaques with a predilection for skin fold areas. Light microscopically, it resembles the incipient diffuse interstitial phase of granuloma annulare. Differentiating light microscopic features include the absence of complete collagen necrobiosis, the presence of interface dermatitis, and variable lymphoid atypia. The lack of vasculitis rules out the extravascular necrotizing granuloma (Winkelmann granuloma) associated with systemic disease. The differential diagnosis with interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis as defined by Ackerman et al. has not been studied until now. Our aim was to determine the histologic criteria allowing us to differentiate IGDR without interface dermatitis and lymphoid atypia from interstitial granulomatous dermatitis. We report three patients with IGDR triggered, in two cases by respectively angiotensin convertin enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and furosemide, and in one case by the association of an ACE inhibitor, furosemide, and fluindione. Histologic examination showed a histological pattern of interstitial granulomatous dermatitis. We found a dense, diffuse histiocytic infiltrate distributed interstitially and in palisaded array within the reticular dermis. Eosinophils and some neutrophils were scattered throughout the infiltrate. In some tiny foci, enveloped by histiocytes, thick collagen bundles associated with basophilic nuclear debris or "flame figures" were seen. Vasculitis, interface dermatitis, or lymphoid atypia were absent. Our study allowed us to expand the histological spectrum of IGDR including a histological pattern similar to interstitial granulomatous dermatitis. The lack of degenerated collagen could be a subtle clue in favor of interstitial granulomatous dermatitis triggered by a drug.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Frequency of postoperative allergic contact dermatitis to topical antibiotics.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Topical antibiotics are one of the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis and are frequently used in postoperative wound care. We prospectively followed up patients having cutaneous surgery to determine the frequency of allergic contact dermatitis to topical antibiotics used on postoperative wound care. RESULTS: Nine (4.2%) of 215 patients who had undergone surgery who were using a topical antibiotic had an eruption develop postoperatively that was consistent with an allergic contact dermatitis from the topical antibiotic. Seven of the nine patients agreed to patch testing with the standard tray and selected topical antibiotics. Five patients had a positive patch test to neomycin sulfate and four had a positive patch test to bacitracin. The frequency of allergic contact dermatitis proved by patch testing to neomycin and bacitracin is five (5.3%) of 94 and four (2%) of 198, respectively, in the patients who used these antibiotics. All proved sensitivities to bacitracin occurred in patients using a topical antibiotic that also contained neomycin and were patch tested positive to the neomycin. No patients using only pure bacitracin had allergic contact dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS: Allergic contact dermatitis to a topical antibiotic, especially neomycin, should be considered in any patient who has development of a dermatitis after cutaneous surgery. Because of the frequency of allergic contact dermatitis, neomycin-containing antibiotics should be avoided in postoperative wound care.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2003

Occupational issues of irritant contact dermatitis.

Occupational irritant contact dermatitis (ICD), a non-immunological cutaneous inflammatory response to a workplace substance, comprises a major portion of occupational dermatoses in industrialized societies, resulting in considerable social and economic implications. The sheer morphological variety of ICD presents a diagnostic and classification challenge; ideotypes identified to date include acute, chronic and cumulative irritant dermatitis, delayed acute irritant dermatitis, irritant reaction, pustular irritant dermatitis, suberythematous irritation, sensory irritation, friction dermatitis and airborne dermatitis. Hand dermatitis is the most frequent manifestation of occupational ICD. This article reviews the various types of ICD, the epidemiological data available to date, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of ICD, emphasizing occupational issues.

Dermatitis, Irritant↗
PubMed1987

Clinical effects of diaper types on the skin of normal infants and infants with atopic dermatitis.

Cloth diapers, cellulose core diapers (conventional disposable diapers), and cellulose core diapers containing absorbent gelling material were examined for their effects on diaper rash and skin microbiology of normal infants and infants with atopic dermatitis in a 26-week double-blind clinical trial. Infants with atopic dermatitis wearing the diapers containing absorbent gelling material had significantly lower diaper rash grades than infants with atopic dermatitis wearing cloth diapers at five of eight grading visits. Infants with atopic dermatitis wearing conventional cellulose core diapers had statistically less rash at one of eight visits. There was no statistically significant difference between diaper types at three of the eight visits. At no time did the cloth group have less diaper rash than the conventional cellulose or absorbent gelling material disposable diaper group. A statistical correlation between the severity of general atopic dermatitis outside the diaper area and the diaper rash condition under the diaper occurred only in the atopic dermatitis group wearing cloth diapers. Isolation of microorganisms from the intact, uninvolved skin surface both inside and outside the diaper showed no biologically significant changes in the presence or numbers of selected skin organisms. Repeated isolation, at multiple grading visits of Staphylococcus aureus from uncompromised skin inside the diaper area was infrequent but correlated with the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis when observed.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1999

Facial dermatitis, contact urticaria, rhinoconjunctivitis, and asthma induced by potato.

BACKGROUND: Potato contains multiple heat-labile proteins which can induce immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Rhino-conjunctivitis, asthma, contact urticaria and protein contact dermatitis have been described in association with potato exposure. OBJECTIVE: A patient with possible airborne facial dermatitis to potato is described. RESULTS: A middle-aged atopic housewife with pre-existent atopic dermatitis suffered from rhino-conjunctivitis, asthma, and contact urticaria when pealing raw potatoes, but her main complaint was intense, treatment-resistant dermatitis of the face. The investigations showed a positive prick test, a positive patch test, and positive specific serum IgE to raw potato. Potato avoidance led not only to the resolution of the immediate symptoms, but also of the facial dermatitis, suggesting she had dermatitis due to this vegetable. CONCLUSIONS: Potato may induce contact dermatitis with positive immediate and delayed hypersensitivity tests.

Asthma↗
PubMed2001

Occupational contact dermatitis in nurses with hand eczema.

Occupationally related dermatitis is a common problem in nurses, who are exposed to a wide variety of allergenic and irritant substances. In a group of 44 nurses with hand dermatitis (40 female, 4 male), 18 were thought to have a predominantly allergic contact dermatitis, 15 an irritant dermatitis, 7 other form of eczema, 3 atopic dermatitis and one pompholyx. 10 of the 15 irritant cases were diagnosed as occupational. Of the 18 patients with allergic contact dermatitis, the allergens were thought to be occupationally relevant in 8 cases. In 6 of these 8 the dermatitis was due to natural rubber latex (3) or other rubber chemicals (3). 2 had additional evidence of immediate-type hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex (one was patch test allergic to latex, the other to thiuram mix). Natural rubber latex allergy, both delayed and immediate, is a significant problem, and nurses at risk should be tested for both types of hypersensitivity, as well as being patch tested to standard, rubber and medicaments series.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Hand dermatitis as an unsuspected presentation of textile dye contact sensitivity.

The aim of this study was to evaluate disperse dye sensitization in patients with hand dermatitis. From January 1996 to December 2000, we identified 130 patients with hand dermatitis reacting to one of the 7 dyes included in our standard series. In 82 subjects the dermatitis was localized to the hands alone, whereas 48 patients had lesions both on the hands and on other skin sites. Disperse Blue dyes, and Disperse Orange 3 were the most common sensitizers. Among the 13 subjects allergic to disperse dyes alone, we found 3 cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis, 1 child with atopic dermatitis worsening after the use of synthetic fibre garments, 4 subjects affected by clothing dermatitis, and 5 individuals occupationally exposed to irritants with a dermatitis involving the hands alone. In the latter, the hands may represent a 'locus minoris resistentiae', and both induction and elicitation of contact sensitization could be caused by impaired barrier function at a skin site repeatedly exposed to sensitizing garments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Patients with allergic and irritant contact dermatitis are characterized by striking change of iron and oxidized glutathione status in nonlesional area of the skin.

To assess the consequences of oxidative stress in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis, we compared the iron level, unsaturated iron-binding capacity, total iron binding capacity, the percentage saturation of iron-binding capacity, the amount of diene conjugates as well as the amounts of total glutathione, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, and the oxidized glutathione/reduced glutathione ratio in skin homogenate from lesional and nonlesional skin. Lesional skin samples were obtained from positive patch test sites to 5% NiSO4 in five subjects, and from chronic contact dermatitis lesions on the hands, which had exacerbated over 3--9 wk in six subjects. Contact dermatitis caused at least a 4-fold increase in the iron level in the lesional skin area compared with the nonlesional skin area (p < 0.02). The increase in the iron level depended on the duration of contact dermatitis and was accompanied by high unsaturated iron-binding capacity and total iron-binding capacity values in the positive patch test sites (p < 0.05), and by a high percentage saturation value in the chronic contact dermatitis lesions (p < 0.05). We found high indices for iron, total iron-binding capacity and diene conjugates in the apparently healthy skin of the patients with persistent contact dermatitis that significantly (p < 0.05) exceeded the corresponding values in the patients with only patch test reactions. In summary, we have succeeded in providing evidence that generalized oxidative damage of the skin occurs as a consequence of contact dermatitis in a restricted area.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Expression of Th1, Th2 and immunosuppressive cytokine gene transcripts in canine atopic dermatitis.

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease of humans and dogs. Human atopic dermatitis is associated with Th2-type responses, although Th1 cytokines can be identified in chronic lesions. In contrast, tolerance to environmental allergens in healthy individuals is mediated by regulatory T cells. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the expression of the immunosuppressive cytokines TGF-beta and IL-10, the Th2-type cytokines IL-4 and IL-6, and the Th1-type cytokines IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-12p35 and IL-12p40, in canine atopic dermatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RNA was isolated from lesional atopic, non-lesional atopic and healthy canine skin samples. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs) were carried out using specific primers and one-way analyses of variance used to compare cytokine expression in each group. RESULTS: Canine atopic dermatitis was associated with over-expression of IL-4 mRNA and reduced transcription of TGF-beta compared with healthy skin (P < 0.05). Higher levels of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-2 mRNA were seen in lesional compared with non-lesional and healthy skin (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in IL-10, IL-6, IL-12p35 or IL-12p40 transcription between the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to demonstrate that canine atopic dermatitis is associated with over-production of IL-4. Clinical tolerance in healthy individuals appears to be associated with TGF-beta, although it is unclear if this reflects an active mechanism or simply non-responsiveness of the immune system. Th1 cytokines may be induced by subsequent self-trauma and secondary infections in atopic skin. We believe that these results better characterize spontaneously occurring canine atopic dermatitis. We further propose that this should be investigated as a possible animal model of human atopic dermatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

An ultrastructural study of chronic chromate hand dermatitis.

Occupational chromate dermatitis is one of the most common occupational diseases, predominantly causing hand eruptions. The ultrastructural manifestations of this condition have not been previously described. In this study, 7 cases of chronic occupational chromate hand dermatitis were investigated. Biopsies were taken from palmar skin and examined using light and electron microscopy. The ultrastructural features of chronic chromate dermatitis are similar to those of acute inflammatory dermatoses, even in the absence of clinical or histological features of an acute inflammatory process. Most changes are probably mechanical in nature and are a result of increasing intercellular oedema. Several features of chronic chromate dermatitis are common to other inflammatory dermatoses, including the presence of marked intercellular oedema of the lower epidermal keratinocytes, the formation of intracellular vacuoles in cells of the lower epidermis and the presence of milder ultrastructural changes in the midepidermis. The study has documented the presence of dendritic, spindle-shaped granular cells in the upper dermis, which have not previously been described in chromate dermatitis. The epidermis in chromate dermatitis appears to have fewer desmosomes when compared with other forms of dermatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Different in situ distribution patterns of dendritic cells having Langerhans (T6+) and interdigitating (RFD1+) cell immunophenotype in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and other inflammatory dermatoses.

Dendritic cells bearing Langerhans cell (OKT6+) or interdigitating cell (RFD1+) immunophenotype may be regularly detected within the dermis of chronic skin diseases characterized by a lymphohistiocytic (lymphoreticular) infiltrate. These 2 subsets of antigen-presenting cells within the dermis of lesions of exacerbating chronic plaque psoriasis, exacerbating nummular dermatitis (discoid eczema), atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, lichen ruber planus, and cutaneous lupus erythematosus were quantified using computer-assisted morphometry. The mean dendrite length per dermal dendritic cell was significantly higher for RFD1 than for OKT6 (74.4 +/- 0.98 microns vs 70.0 +/- 1.26 microns: p = 0.0023). The mean dendrite length per dermal dendritic cell was remarkably constant for each marker in the various diagnostic categories studied. Disease-specific patterns of total dendrite length and number (expressed per 100 infiltrating mononuclear cells) of these 2 dendritic cell types within the subepidermal infiltrates were obtained. Pityriasis rosea was characterized by its unique high percentage of OKT6+ Langerhans cells. Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis had relatively high percentages of both RFD1+ interdigitating cells and OKT6+ Langerhans cells. Nummular dermatitis had an intermediate number and total dendrite length for OKT6, but was relatively low in RFD1+ cells. Allergic contact dermatitis, lichen planus, and lupus erythematosus had low numbers and dendrite lengths for both dendritic cell subsets. It is suggested that pityriasis rosea is characterized by an abnormal migration pattern of Langerhans cells. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis may be examples of diseases in which skin-localized antigen-presenting and T-cell-inducing events are continuously taking place. The other diseases may reflect inflammatory processes in which local antigen presentation is less relevant to the tissue reaction.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed2004

The validity of the Mathias criteria for establishing occupational causation and aggravation of contact dermatitis.

Mathias proposed 7 criteria for establishing occupational causation and aggravation of contact dermatitis (Mathias, J Am Acad Dermatol 1989, 20, 842-848). 4 of the 7 criteria must be positive to conclude occupational dermatitis. In order to evaluate the validity of these criteria, we re-examined 19 patients (17 male and 2 female) with contact dermatitis, who had given a positive answer to at least 4 of the criteria and had either exchanged their workplace or stopped working. We re-evaluated them, 2-5 years later, for the presence of contact dermatitis. 14 of 19 patients (74%) reported that their dermatitis had cleared after they had left their previous workplace. Only 5 patients still suffered from dermatitis, 2-5 years later. 3 of these 5 patients could have been exposed to the causative allergens in their new workplace. We conclude that the Mathias criteria are useful to assess occupational contact dermatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Hand dermatitis among female nursing students in tropical Australia.

Although hand dermatitis is known to affect nursing students worldwide, the prevalence among their Australian counterparts has not been elucidated and the relative contribution of tropical environments is unclear. Therefore, we conducted the first investigation of hand dermatitis among 232 female, undergraduate nurses in tropical Australia using a previously validated methodology. Hand dermatitis prevalence rose from 10.8% in the first year to 27.4% by the third year and averaged 18.5% across all three grades. Pre-existing atopic dermatitis caused a 7.8-fold risk increase during logistic regression analysis (odds ratio [OR] 7.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0-21.1, P < 0.0001). Overall, this study suggests that hand dermatitis is less common among tropical Australian nursing students than their counterparts around the world. The identification of atopic dermatitis as a hand dermatitis risk factor was, however, consistent with previous research conducted in non-tropical areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Infantile seborrheic dermatitis: seven-year follow-up and some prognostic criteria.

Based on clinical features, infantile seborrheic dermatitis (ISD) can be classified as follows: true seborrheic dermatitis (SD), psoriasiform seborrheic dermatitis (Psor SD), and erythrodermic seborrheic dermatitis. We reviewed the records of 72 children who had been affected by ISD several years earlier to investigate the evolution of disease, to evaluate the patients for the presence of new skin lesions, and to study family histories with respect to these conditions. In addition, we attempted to determine if there is any connection among the initial features of ISD and the types of skin lesions, and atopy or psoriasis. On reexamination, our patients previously diagnosed as having SD showed a larger variety of new skin lesions than those who had Psor SD, and 15% had developed atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis was not present at follow-up in the children with previously diagnosed Psor SD. Psoriatic lesions were present in similar percentages in both groups at the time of reevaluation. Investigation of family history was not useful in predicting later development of psoriasis or atopic dermatitis. We conclude that the initial clinical features of ISD may be of prognostic value, and that SD and Psor SD are probably two different clinical entities.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗
PubMed1980

Causes of chromate dermatitis in Poland.

A series of 250 consecutive patients with dermatitis and positive patch tests to chromate was divided into three groups: nonoccupational dermatitis (94), occupational dermatitis caused by chromate (132) and occupational dermatitis caused by allergens other than chromate (24). Only 17.2% of patients did not report harmful effects from chromium-tanned leather. Shoes were most often not tolerated. The role of matches in the development of chromate dermatitis is discussed. Observations on ash, household detergents, textiles, wood, tattooing, cement, galvanizing solutions, printer's ink, welding fumes, corrosion inhibitors and oils are described as causes of chromate dermatitis in Poland, as well as the localization of dermatitis and relevance of patch test reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Course of hand dermatitis in hospital workers.

The occurrence and course of hand dermatitis in hospital workers was studied on the basis of the patient register of an occupational specialist and by a clinical follow-up study. About 1% of all the hospital workers had had dermatitis, cleaners, kitchen workers and nurses most frequently. 54% of the patients who were clinically studied had suffered from periodic symptoms and 35% had current hand dermatitis. Those who had previous or present atopic dermatitis had most frequently developed dermatitis during the first year of their service. An atopic constitution seemed to predispose to the development of permanent or periodic hand dermatitis. The patients with sensitivity to nickel or fragrances had relapses in the majority of cases. During the study period, the incidence of new dermatitis cases was constant, but the number of days sick leave showed a decreasing tendency.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nickel dermatitis in infants.

8 cases of allergic contact dermatitis to nickel in infants are reported. All showed a papular dermatitis matching the sites of contact. Patch testing was performed on 3 patients, 2 were tested to nickel sulfate in pet. at concentrations of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%. 1 was tested to 2.5% alone. All developed ++ reactions at each concentration tested. We observed a strong association of nickel dermatitis with atopy; 7 of 8 patients had a family history of atopy and 5 of 8 had features of coexistent atopic dermatitis. The relationship between atopy and allergic contact dermatitis is briefly reviewed. Nickel dermatitis may aggravate atopic dermatitis; avoidance of metal contact is crucial in the management of these patients.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗