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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Erosive effect of an antihistamine-containing syrup on primary enamel and its reduction by fluoride dentifrice.

AIM: This study evaluated the action of an antihistamine-containing syrup (Claritin D) on enamel that was subsequently submitted or not to applications of fluoride dentifrice. METHODS; Two hundred sixty-four slices (n=44 per subgroup) prepared from exfoliated primary molars were evaluated in hardness tests. Six subgroups were submitted to different treatments for 10 days. The controls underwent pH cycling with (positive control) or without (negative control) three daily immersions in fluoride dentifrice/distilled water slurry. The test subgroups related to daytime use of the antihistamine syrup underwent pH cycling and two 5-min applications of Claritin D, coupled or not to the three daily immersions in the fluoride slurry. The subgroups related to nocturnal use of the syrup were submitted to the same procedures of daytime subgroups, respectively, but with one of the applications of Claritin D lasting for 8 h. RESULTS: The median hardness values obtained after use of the syrup were significantly lower than the initial ones. Equivalent values for subgroups submitted to fluoride applications in addition to treatment with the syrup were significantly higher. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the antihistamine-containing syrup reduced the hardness of primary enamel and that, in this experiment, the use of fluoride dentifrice was able to diminish this erosive effect.

Cariostatic Agents↗
PubMed1989

An evaluation of 6 dentifrice formulations for supragingival anticalculus and antiplaque activity.

A 4 week, double blind clinical trial was conducted to assess the antiplaque/anticalculus activity of test dentifrices containing varying levels of zinc citrate. Subjects were divided into 6 groups, 4 experimental, 1 positive control and a placebo group. All subjects only brushed at home using the placebo control during study weeks 1 and 3. Plaque and calculus were collected at the end of study weeks 2 and 4 on mylar strips worn on lower incisor teeth. Dentifrice efficacy was assessed by comparing group dry and ash weight decrements. While there were no significant differences between the test and control groups, there was a demonstrable trend toward greater inhibition with higher zinc citrate levels, especially among subjects with high levels of plaque and calculus at baseline.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1977

A 3-year clinical trial of the effect on dental caries of a dentifrice containing 2% sodium monoflurophosphate.

A clinical trial of a dentifrice containing 2% sodium monofluorophosphate was carried out on 782 schoolchildren in Shropshire, England. After 3 years, a reduction of 23.8% was found in the DMFS increment obtained from clinical examination. The reduction was 38.8% using radiographs. The children were divided into three groups according to baseline DMFS. Those with a "medium" caries experience were found to benefit most from using the dentifrice. There was a difference in the effect on individual tooth sites; the approximal surfaces of the posterior teeth received the most benefit and the occlusal surfaces the least.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Combined effects of a fluoride dentifrice and mouthrinse on the incidence of dental caries.

751 14- and 15-year old children completed a 3-year, double-blind, caries preventive program. The effects of daily, supervised toothbrushing with an 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice, rinsing with a 0.05% sodium fluoride mouthrinse, and the combined effects of the two treatments were investigated. Both the dentifrice and mouthrinse reduced the incidence of dental caries, but their combined use at the same time had no greater effect than either used alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Caries inhibition of a dentifrice containing 0.78% sodium monofluorophosphate in a silica base.

The purpose of this double blind clinical trial was to determine the anticaries activity of a dentifrice containing 0.78% sodium monofluorophosphate in a silica gel abrasive base compared with a placebo under conditions of supervised brushing. 1154 schoolchildren, ages 9-12, were recruited in a non-fluoridated semi-rural area of northeastern Connecticut. Subjects were stratified according to school, grade and sex, and then randomly divided into two groups. Each school day, children brushed their teeth for 1 min under supervision by project personnel. Weekend and vacation usage was ad libitum. Caries examinations and radiographic readings were performed by the same examiner (J.R.). After 12 months, the 996 subjects examined showed that the group using the test dentifrice had significantly (less than 0.05) lower DMFT (25.0%) and DMFS (19.1%) increments than the group using the placebo. After 24 months the 876 subjects examined showed that the test group continued to have significantly lower DMFT (24.5%) and DMFS (24.7%) increments than the placebo group. Surface protection after 24 months ranged from 22.1% for occlusal to 37.1% for interproximal surfaces.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Review of fluorosis risk of self-applied topical fluorides: dentifrices, mouthrinses and gels.

The literature on the risks of dental fluorosis and the benefits from the use of fluoride dentifrices, mouthrinses and self-applied gels has been briefly reviewed. While there are several studies that have investigated the impact of dentifrices on the development of dental fluorosis, results are mixed. Although there is far less research investigating the relationship between the use of mouthrinses and dental fluorosis, the available evidence generally fails to identify this technology as one of the major causes of dental fluorosis. Although there is little direct evidence to suggest that the use of self-applied fluoride gels contributes to the development of dental fluorosis, ingestion of fluoride from these systems is of genuine concern and their use by preschool age children is not recommended.

Child↗
PubMed1975

Effect of 2-years' use of chlorhexidine-containing dentifrices on plaque, gingivitis, and caries.

Chlorhexidine digluconate in 0.1% and 0.4% concentrations was added to dentifrices to evaluate its effect on plaque formation, gingival conditions and caries in 73 dental students over a 2-year period. No differences were found in the Pl I and the G I indices between the active and the placebo dentifrices, but a possible effect on caries was demonstrated. Discolorations of anterior teeth and fillings were the only side effects observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Caries increment and gingival status during 2 years' use of chlorhexidine- and fluoride-containing dentifrices.

A total of 91 schoolchildren, 13 years of age, were distributed into three groups. Three test dentifrices were used containing 0.1% NaF, 0.1% NaF and 2% chlorhexidine, and 2% chlorhexidine, respectively. The caries increment and gingival conditions over a period of 2 years were recorded. The caries data of the groups were compared and related to two reference groups in order to estimate a possible influence upon the study results by a change in caries incidence general to the area and age groups in question. There was less caries in the group using the dentifrice containing fluoride and chlorhexidine than in the two other test groups. The differences in caries increment between the groups were not statistically significant. The gingival health seemed to improve in all groups, but there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. The caries data from the reference groups indicated that the general trend towards reduced caries incidence was different from that of the study group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of a desensitizing dentifrice on dentinal hypersensitivity.

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a dentifrice with 2% dibasic sodium citrate in poloxamer 407 in decreasing dentinal hypersensitivity. The test toothpaste was compared with a control toothpaste containing 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a 6-week double-blind clinical trial. A total of 75 hypersensitive teeth were examined in the test group, while 100 hypersensitive teeth were in the control group. Changes in hypersensitivity levels were monitored after 6 weeks, using thermal, chemical and mechanical stimuli. At the end of 6 weeks, the test dentifrice was not significantly more effective than the control in decreasing dentinal hypersensitivity. Of the stimuli used, cold was the most effective in eliciting a hypersensitive response, followed by chemical stimulation and air. Heat and toothbrushing caused the least discomfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effect of an amine fluoride dentifrice on dental caries used in a community-based oral health education program.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the caries-reducing effect of an amine fluoride toothpaste when used under real-life conditions in a community preventive program. METHODS: Approximately 12,500 children 3-12 years of age were provided with toothpaste (four tubes or 360 grams annually during three years) to be used in kindergartens or schools and once a day at home. The teachers supervised daily toothbrushing sessions. Random samples of children in each of the ages 3, 6, 9, and 12 years were selected from the intervention and the reference communities at both the start of the study and after three years, and examined for dental caries experience. RESULTS: Amine fluoride dentifrice seemed to provide a reduction in dental caries prevalence compatible to the most commonly used fluoride dentifrice compounds. CONCLUSIONS: The implemented fluoride toothpaste program is a feasible and practical method of improving the oral health status of children.

Amines↗
PubMed1998

Cariostatic effects of a xylitol/NaF dentifrice in vivo.

Xylitol has been shown to reduce plaque acids, but its topical cariostatic effect has been equivocal. The purpose of the studies reported here was to optimise the xylitol/NaF combination in dentifrices for an improved anticaries activity. In the first study, the combination of 10 per cent xylitol with 1100 ppm F (NaF), 1100 ppm F (NaF), and placebo dentifrices were tested in a rat caries model to assess the cariostatic effect. The combination was significantly more effective than fluoride by itself (P = 0.05). The xylitol/NaF combination provided significantly more remineralisation of dentine than fluoride by itself. Collectively, results of these investigations confirm the improved anticaries effectiveness of the xylitol/NaF combination in a variety of animal and intra-oral models. A three-year clinical study confirmed these findings.

Acids↗
PubMed2001

Caries-preventive effects of fluoride products when used in conjunction with fluoride dentifrice.

Toothbrushing with fluoride dentifrice has become an important public health measure in preventing caries and gingivitis. Since the fluoride concentration in dentifrices does not provide absolute protection for everyone and is limited by legal regulations, the question about the efficacy of additional use of topical fluoride products arises. In children aged 9-15 years, the biannual application of Duraphat varnish in school-based programmes provides a caries inhibition of 38%. A caries inhibition of up to 40% can also be achieved by gels containing 1.25% fluoride, if applied 30 times per year. In subjects with a risk of root caries, the daily use of a 250-500 ppm fluoride solution seems to be advisable.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of mucin alone and in combination with various dentifrices on in vitro Remineralization.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of combining various fluoridated dentifrices with mucin on remineralization of bovine enamel. Enamel specimens were embedded in epoxy resin, partly covered with nail varnish, and demineralized in a lactic acid solution (pH 5.0, 14 days). Parts of the demineralized areas of the specimens were then covered with nail varnish. Half of the samples were exposed to a mucin-containing (2.7 g/l) remineralizing solution, the other half to a mucin-free remineralizing solution for 30 days. In each group, the specimens were divided into four subgroups, which were brushed twice a day with a toothpaste containing sodium, stannous/amine, or amine fluoride. The specimens of the fourth subgroup were not brushed, but stored in one of the two solutions. Mineral loss and lesion depth were evaluated from microradiographs. After the remineralization period, specimens that were brushed with one of the dentifrices and stored in the mucin-containing remineralizing solution reacquired more mineral than those brushed and stored in the mucin-free solution (p < 0.05; Bonferroni post hoc test). The results indicate that mucin in combination with various fluorides seems to affect enamel remineralization significantly. Thus, mucin could be considered as an additive to saliva substitutes or mouthwashes in patients with hyposalivation.

Amines↗
PubMed1988

In vivo comparison of caries inhibition by a plaque mineral enriching mouthrinse and a fluoride dentifrice.

Six subjects wore lower-arch intra-oral appliances supporting plaque-covered enamel units in the left and right buccal sulci. Units on both sides received identical cariogenic challenges by intermittent immersion in 0.28 M glucose. When one side was treated, in addition, with a mouthrinse designed to enrich plaque with Ca, P, and F, there was a 76% reduction in the softening and a 96% reduction in the porosity, created in enamel by the glucose exposures. F dentifrice extract, used similarly, caused a 67% reduction in enamel softening and a 93% reduction in porosity. When the two treatments were compared in the same experiment, the mouthrinse had a significantly greater effect in limiting enamel softening, but the porosity measurement technique was not sensitive enough to confirm this finding. Use of the mouthrinse caused variable deposition of fluorhydroxyapatite in plaque, and scanning electron microscopy examination of enamel showed small adherent hard deposits in some subjects. The polished enamel surface enabled backscattered electron imaging which revealed preferential dissolution of the core and tail regions of the prism. The results suggest that plaque mineral enrichment may be even more effective than F dentifrice in preventing dental caries.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Comparison between evaluation methods for the anti-caries efficacy of monofluorophosphate-containing dentifrices.

A comparison is described of three methods of preclinical assessment of potential anti-caries efficacy for topical fluoride treatments. Methods are compared using dentifrices containing 1,000, 1,500 and 2,500 ppm F as sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP). These formulations have been shown elsewhere to give a statistically significant dose response of increasing anti-caries efficacy [Stephen et al., 1988]. An in situ enamel insert model, oral fluoride pharmacokinetics and F uptake to demineralised enamel are all shown to correlate with clinical efficacy for the test dentifrices studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A study of the effect of fluoride delivered from solution and dentifrices on enamel demineralization.

An in vitro demineralization model has been developed and used to examine the effect of various fluoride treatments on early enamel demineralization. The effect of fluoride treatments on the calcium demineralization rate of enamel was studied by analyzing the amount of calcium which demineralized from teeth into solution when the teeth were exposed to weak acid solutions. Continuous (72 h total) exposure of enamel to very low levels of fluoride, 0.014 ppm, was observed to have a protective effect against demineralization, as was intermittent exposure to higher levels of fluoride delivered from solution and from dentifrices for shorter periods of time (40 min total). This work suggests that the residual salivary fluoride concentrations reported to be reached by water fluoridation (0.016 ppm) or brushing with a fluoride-containing dentifrice (0.014 ppm) give a level of fluoride in saliva which may give some protection to the dental enamel from demineralization.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Fluoride uptake by artificial caries lesions from fluoride dentifrices in vivo.

Artificial caries lesions were implanted in removable dentures and were brushed for two wk or two mo with several fluoride-containing dentifrices. An analysis of thin layers of enamel removed from the lesions showed that more fluoride was deposited after two mo of brushing, and that fluoride deposition from the sodium monofluorophosphate was similar to deposition from the sodium fluoride dentifrice.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Inhibition of root surface caries in rice rats: use of a sodium fluoride dentifrice.

A sodium fluoride-containing dentifrice (Gleem) was evaluated for its efficacy to inhibit root surface caries in the rice rat. The dentifrice was diluted 50/50 with water so that the slurry contained 500 ppm fluoride. This slurry, a solution of 5000 ppm fluoride, and demineralized water were applied to the molar teeth twice daily for 10 weeks. Another group of rats was given 50 ppm fluoride in the drinking water. There was significantly less root surface caries in all groups of rats which received fluoride than in the demineralized water control animals. However, none of the fluoride preparations inhibited the loss of alveolar bone.

Alveolar Process↗