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A simple method of producing diagnostic copies from overexposed radiographs.

Overexposed radiographs that have density measurements greater than three can yield diagnostic copies. An unexposed standard radiographic film is sandwiched between a completely black film and the film to be copied in a cassette with standard-speed rare earth intensifying screens. The fluorescence of the unblocked intensifying screen, induced by a measured x-ray dose from an x-ray machine, is the light source that exposes the film, yielding a negative copy. The negative can also be copied to produce a positive-phase radiographic image. The high degree of contrast achieved by this copy method regains the contrast scale that is lost on overexposure. It is capable of enhancing faint calcification and other low-contrast features of soft tissues.

Copying Processes↗

Communicating in the 1990s: a technology update.

With the variety of available technologies, choosing among them will be difficult at best. Waiting for integration and standardization among technologies may effectively eliminate a competitive edge and productivity improvements for health care organizations. Also, selecting which one communication technology is needed may not be the issue since several technologies likely are needed to solve different communication needs in organizations. One might begin to sort out options by performing an assessment of current communication patterns and deficiencies. Ideally, the assessment should be completed by someone who is able to assess needs over an entire organization, not just one service or one organizational level. The assessment should focus at least on some of the following questions. Are three major problems with staff or client communications? If staff-related, are primary needs interactive with routine communication needs? If they are interactive, time-sensitive, and inter-organizational then a form of video-conferencing may help. Short-term interactive needs might be met by leasing video-conferencing rooms. Long-term, time sensitive interactive needs might require PC-based video-conferencing, Non-time-sensitive, interactive, inter-organizational needs might be met with voice mail or e-mail, which allow some time-delayed but single-mode interactions. If communication needs are routine, one might examine how e-mail, or fax could help. If text-based paper traffic through the mail room is enormous or slow, e-mail may help. If communication among persons at any level of geographically separate organizations is needed, modem-based or public e-mail may be the answer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Computer Communication Networks↗

Facing the fax.

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Copying Processes↗

Acute systemic reactions to carbonless copy paper associated with histamine release.

We report two cases of recurrent episodes of hoarseness, cough, flushing, pruritus, and rash occurring within 30 minutes of topical exposure to carbonless copy paper. Provocative challenges revealed that alkylphenol novolac resin was the ingredient responsible. Video endoscopy of the larynx was performed and plasma histamine levels were obtained prior to and 30 minutes after cutaneous challenge of a patient with alkylphenol novolac resin. We documented marked laryngeal edema and a sixfold increase in plasma histamine levels after challenge. We conclude that topical exposure to carbonless copy paper may cause mast cell/basophil-mediated acute systemic and potentially life-threatening reactions in susceptible patients.

Adult↗

[Selenium contents in blood and urine of persons working with copying machines].

Medical investigation was made of 271 workers including 112 males and 159 females exhibited to selenium concentrations lower MAC. The atom absorption spectrometry technique was applied to determine the selenium content levels in blood and urine. The analysis performed revealed increased contents of selenium in the blood of 20.1% and in the urine of 5.5% of those examined. The selenium excretion which followed the use of antidote increased twice. No relationship between the duration of exposition and blood and urine selenium content was revealed. Antidote therapy with CaNa2 EDTA was studied in 16 inpatient clinical cases.

Adult↗

Fax of life.

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Copying Processes↗

[An easy and inexpensive method for copying intraoral radiographs].

The use of Kodak Duplicating Dental films for production of intraoral dental x-ray film copies represents an alternative to a constant use of double film packages. The technique which is very simple is described, and economic considerations are discussed.

Copying Processes↗