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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Sudden cardiac death as a consequence of heart conduction disorders. II. Sudden cardiac death in lesions of the heart conduction system].

The conduction system in 31 patients (average age 43 years) who died suddenly and unexpectedly is analyzed. Seven cases show essential lesions of the conduction tissue, these lesions being the only pathological findings at all in 5 cases. The loss of conducting fibers is severe and fulfills our morphological criteria for av-block (see Part I). Considering these lesions are the only pathologic findings, there is every reason to believe that these patients died of Adams-Stokes attacks. Lack of evidence of a basic disease means that there is idiopathic loss of conducting fibers. The site of the lesion is mainly the branching bundle and the origin of both bundle branches. Fibrosis is never a main feature, and this is why the author is reluctant to characterize the disease simply as bilateral bundle branch fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, dilated myocardiopathy and cardiac conduction disorders].

We describe the case of two brothers with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, dilated cardiomyopathy and disorders in the cardiac conduction. We review the literature in order to find physiological grounds for these associations. Despite the absence of consolidated data on this question, the genetic grounds could play some role here. In this sense, our cases contribute with the novelty that the disease affects two brothers. This has never been described before and could contribute, along with future observations, to clarify some etiopathogenic aspects of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Biological, psychological and social processes in the conduct disorders.

BACKGROUND: This paper reviews recent evidence on the causes and maintenance of aggressive and disruptive behaviours in childhood and adolescence. It considers the relative merits of several different ways of conceptualising such problems, in relation to the contribution of biological, psychological and social factors. METHOD: It focuses on conduct problems appearing in young childhood, which greatly increase the likelihood of persistent antisocial behaviours in adolescence and adult life in association with wider interpersonal and social role impairments. It considers the contribution of individual factors, including impaired verbal skills, deficits in executive functions, and an imbalance between behavioural activation and inhibition systems. These are viewed in interaction with commonly associated environmental disadvantages such as hostile or intrusive parenting. The roles of attributional biases, unrealistic self-evaluations, and insecure attachment are considered in relation to affect regulation, and effective social action. The contributions of the wider social environments of peers, neighbourhood and socio-economic conditions are evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: The paper concludes that, although considerable progress has been made over the past ten years, there is a need to further refine our conceptualisation of the behaviours to be explained, to develop a coherent theory of the causal and maintaining processes, and to carry out prospective studies with adequate numbers of high risk children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Predictors of antisocial behaviour. Peripheral psychophysiological findings in children and adults with conduct disorder].

Many studies have shown that psychophysiological parameters of processing emotional stimuli are associated with different personality traits in children, adolescents, and adults. Individuals with low autonomic baseline arousal, low orienting reaction, accelerated habituation, and reduced excitability particularly to punishing stimuli are characterised by a reduced experience of anxiety, decreased behaviour inhibition, and increased sensation seeking. These characteristics seem to raise the likelihood of dis-social behavior and are perceived as prognostically favourable for the development of antisocial personality disorders in childhood and adolescence. In contrast, an increased disposition towards anxiety, which is associated with increased autonomic reactivity, is recognised as a protective factor. Current data have shown that through special training, child and adolescent autonomic reactivity could be enhanced. Due to its versatility, this biological marker might be used for prevention in children at greater risk of developing antisocial behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Sudden death as a result of conduction disturbances. Part I. Quantitative pathology of conduction and conduction disorders].

This quantitative histological study of the conduction system comprises 57 patients showing electrocardiographically documented conduction disturbances. In the sinu-atrial node of all patients with sick sinus syndrome the ratio of specific cells to connective tissue shows a shift in favour of connective tissue. In most patients with permanent complete atrio-ventricular block, we found a lesion destroying three quarters of the fibres at one level at least of the av-node or the main bundle. These criteria are used to investigate the conduction system of patients dying suddenly and unexpectedly. A ratio of specific cells to connective tissue below 0.2 in the sinu-atrial node is highly suggestive of nodal dysfunction. A lesion of the av-node or the main bundle comprising three quarters of the whole structure is nearly always accompanied by av-block. If such a lesion in the conduction system is the only pathological autopsy finding, the cause of death is most probably cardiac arrest due to this lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Septal displacements during intraventricular conduction disorders. Echocardiographical study].

We have analysed the echocardiograms of ten healthy subjects, sixty patients with disorders of intra-ventricular conduction, and ten who were treated by a temporary intracavitary pacemaker. There was found to be a pre-ejection displacement of the septum towards the posterior wall, beginning just after electrical depolarisation of the ventricle followed, in most cases, by 'paradoxical' displacement towards the anterior wall during systole. Such a displacement, producing a 'beaked' image on the echocardiogram, is only found when the ventricular complexes have the characteristics of complete left bundle branch block (LBBB), whether this is spontaneous LBBB or a functional LBBB produced by an intracavitary pacemaker. The results support the hypothesis that the posterior displacement of the septum in cases of LBBB is related to abnormal spread of excitation. Under these conditions, during the pre-ejection period the septal forces predominante over those of the free wall of the left ventricle. In a patient with LBBB who had failed to show this typical septal displacement in several investigations, the 'beak' of the septum could be observed only when the electrical axis deviated to the left, and when the QRS complex exceeded 0.14/s to 0.16/s, this condition being fulfilled because the LBBB was really complete at the time of the last investigation.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Prognosis in myocardial infarct complicated in the acute period by heart conduction disorders].

The influence of disorders of atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction, encountered in the acute period of myocardial infarction, on the immediate and remote prognosis of the disease was studied. In the acute period of myocardial infarction, III degree atrioventricular block and the right branch of the bundle of His block with the left posterior semiblock had a significant deteriorating effect on the prognosis. The remote prognosis was worse only due to the effect of III degree atrioventricular block.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Peer rejection and aggression and early starter models of conduct disorder.

Peer rejection and aggression in the early school years were examined for their relevance to early starting conduct problems. The sample of 657 boys and girls from 4 geographical locations was followed from 1st through 4th grades. Peer rejection in 1st grade added incrementally to the prediction of early starting conduct problems in 3rd and 4th grades, over and above the effects of aggression. Peer rejection and aggression in 1st grade were also associated with the impulsive and emotionally reactive behaviors found in older samples. Being rejected by peers subsequent to 1st grade marginally added to the prediction of early starting conduct problems in 3rd and 4th grades, controlling for 1st grade ADHD symptoms and aggression. Furthermore, peer rejection partially mediated the predictive relation between early ADHD symptoms and subsequent conduct problems. These results support the hypothesis that the experience of peer rejection in the early school years adds to the risk for early starting conduct problems.

Aggression↗