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Results for “Community Workers”

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PubMed1990

Participatory nursing research. A promising methodology in Third World countries.

This project had some unique components which may have played a significant role in assuring its success. For several months prior to the initiation of the project, the author had worked with the local people developing a rapport and helping them assess their needs and interests. The research was then initiated at their invitation and with their enthusiastic support. There was also a well-organized, local, leadership network in place which provided stability throughout the research project. The support and personal involvement of locally acknowledged leaders assisted greatly in gaining access into the homes of the batey mothers who consented to be interviewed. These same local leaders continued to lend support to the CHWs as they implemented their findings. The validity of the findings was very possibly enhanced by the use of CHW participants from the group studied. Informants frequently are more willing to share openly with someone from a similar value system than with a foreign researcher. In addition, the fact that the researcher, CHWs, and informants were all of the same sex no doubt contributed to the success of the method. The requirements of the participatory method which were encountered in this study would need to be carefully addressed in similar research projects conducted in Third World countries. Gaining entrée into a research site, addressing language and cultural differences, identifying participant researchers who were literate, arranging transportation to isolated sites for the interview component of the process, and allowing sufficient time to be on-site personally to conduct the project were a few of the challenges encountered in this study. Researchers conducting projects of this type should also guard against raising false hopes of change among the participants. Limitations should be identified at the onset of the project and participants reminded that the success of the program should be projected realistically. In spite of the challenges, this participatory research project using CHWs in the Dominican Republic was successful for a number of reasons: (a) local leaders supported the project and chose the CHWs who became the participant researchers; (b) the CHWs were literate and eager to learn; (c) the mothers were willing to share their beliefs and perceptions with the CHWs; (d) analysis of the data provided helpful new insights; (e) results of the analysis were immediately implemented in the health projects; and (f) the CHWs who participated demonstrated increased self-confidence and decision-making ability as they progressed through the process.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2004

Health promotion and disease prevention through sanitation education in South African Zulu and Xhosa women.

Poor sanitation and hygiene facilitate transmission of environmental diseases and pose a threat to the health of South African residents. This study focused on identifying sanitation needs from the perspective of informal community residents, addressing need related issues, and empowering Zulu and Xhosa women. The study used a multistep approach to identify and access communities of interest, reflexive critique during data collection from 300 heads of households, and a reiterative process to identify major themes. A process, which impacted 1,467 residents, was developed; it included culturally sensitive presentation styles and educational materials that facilitated understanding of sanitation concepts. Main sanitation themes were health knowledge and community role models. Educational sessions incorporated women. Using women as educators elevated their status and validated their community importance. Project participation added to the educational background of the Zulu and Xhosa women. It empowered them and provided an opportunity for them to articulate community needs.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Community home-based care in a rural village: challenges and strategies.

In Botswana, there has been an increase in community home-based care (CHBC) following a shift from hospital care to CHBC because of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Yet the health care system has limited resources. To fulfill one of the terms of reference of the World Health Organization Collaboration Centre at the Department of Nursing, University of Botswana, an outreach program was developed in collaboration with 18 lay volunteers in a nearby village, Mmopane. This article discusses the process of establishing the CHBC committee and the challenges faced by faculty, students, and lay caregivers in working with a diverse CHBC group to render culturally sensitive care. Strategies for dealing with these challenges are discussed.

Botswana↗
PubMed2006

Promovision: designing a capacity-building program to strengthen and expand the role of promotores in HIV prevention.

This article describes the development of Promovisión, a program based on the utilization of promotores in community-based organizations (CBOs) to improve the provision of HIV prevention services to recent immigrants and Latinos who are less acculturated. Promovisión aims to demonstrate the contribution of promotores as a cost-effective strategy in HIV prevention efforts, and how promotores facilitate the formation of community, regional, and national CBO networks working collaboratively to prevent the spread of HIV in Latino communities. In addition, this article examines the interpersonal, organizational, community, and sociocultural dimensions that facilitate or hinder community mobilization, and coalition formation and growth, and how these findings shaped the final design of the program. Finally, the Promovisión program seeks to demonstrate that a promotor-based program is a culturally appropriate model for HIV prevention and care, which can be successfully implemented in community and clinical settings among ethnic populations with limited English proficiency.

Acculturation↗
PubMed2004

Health promotion through self-care and community participation: elements of a proposed programme in the developing countries.

BACKGROUND: The concepts of health promotion, self-care and community participation emerged during 1970s, primarily out of concerns about the limitation of professional health system. Since then there have been rapid growth in these areas in the developed world, and there is evidence of effectiveness of such interventions. These areas are still in infancy in the developing countries. There is a window of opportunity for promoting self care and community participation for health promotion. DISCUSSION: A broad outline is proposed for designing a health promotion programme in developing countries, following key strategies of the Ottawa Charter for health promotion and principles of self care and community participation. Supportive policies may be framed. Self care clearinghouses may be set up at provincial level to co-ordinate the programme activities in consultation with district and national teams. Self care may be promoted in the schools and workplaces. For developing personal skills of individuals, self care information, generated through a participatory process, may be disseminated using a wide range of print and audio-visual tools and information technology based tools. One such potential tool may be a personally held self care manual and health record, to be designed jointly by the community and professionals. Its first part may contain basic self care information and the second part may contain outlines of different personally-held health records to be used to record important health and disease related events of an individual. Periodic monitoring and evaluation of the programme may be done. Studies from different parts of the world indicate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of self care interventions. The proposed outline has potential for health promotion and cost reduction of health services in the developing countries, and may be adapted in different situations. SUMMARY: Self care, community participation and health promotion are emerging but dominant areas in the developed countries. Elements of a programme for health promotion in the developing countries following key principles of self care and community participation are proposed. Demonstration programmes may be initiated to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of this programme before large scale implementation.

Community Health Workers↗
PubMed2006

A community-driven action plan to eliminate breast and cervical cancer disparity: successes and limitations.

BACKGROUND: The objective of Alabama Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health 2010 is to implement and evaluate a community action plan (CAP) developed by a diverse coalition to reduce breast and cervical cancer screening disparities between African American and White women. METHODS: The CAP entailed (1) establishing a core working group (CWG) in each county, (2) training CWG members to promote screenings, and (3) providing coalition members with technical assistance to write mini-grants. RESULTS: Overall, 241 CWG members were trained. They have conducted 2800 cancer screening surveys. A total of 8 coalition members received mini-grants. CONCLUSION: Community capacity building can lead to a sense of ownership and empowerment.

Adult↗