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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Clinical application of gamma nail in the treatment of the intertrochanteric fractures].

We retrospectively studied the clinical application of modified Gamma nail (GN). Based on the measurement of intramedullary canal of the femur by wax model. We modified GN in the following aspects: the diameter of GN was changed from 17 mm to 14 mm in the proximal end and from 13 mm to 10 mm in the distal end and the angle between the two ends was also modified from 11 to 5-6; the modified compression screws represented self-compression property; the long GN was designed and developed. We applied GN in 31 cases, and 28 with an average postoperative duration of 20 months were followed up. The final results revealed that the fracture healing rate was 93%. No crutch ambulance reached 86% and excellent hip movement reached 82%. The partial or complete weight bearing was allowed 9-11 days postoperatively. We consider GN an effective means for the treatment of type II and type III of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Clinical applications of composite intramembranous bone grafts.

The aim of this article is to introduce the composite intramembranous bone graft mixed with demineralized bone matrix to the clinician and to demonstrate its various clinical applications in the field of clinical orthodontics in the form of case reports. Understanding the mechanism of healing of this composite bone graft provides sound experimental precedent that allows this graft material to become a predictable part of our future orthodontic management. The cases highlighted here took advantage of the several properties of the composite intramembranous demineralized bone matrix graft. An accidental loss of the buccal plate of bone occurred during extraction of a buccally placed premolar for orthodontic purposes. The defect was repaired using chin bone mixed with demineralized bone matrix, and the teeth were successfully moved into the grafted area. A 5-year follow-up showed a stable gingival condition at the grafted area. In this report, ridge augmentation with intramembranous demineralized bone matrix as an adjunct to orthodontic treatment allowed successful placement of endosseous implants. In conclusion, the same graft material was successfully used in the repair of a massive alveolar cleft. Long-term follow-up of these cases showed that this graft is a promising graft material that could be integrated into our orthodontic practice.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Gene expression profiling data in lymphoma and leukemia: review of the literature and extrapolation of pertinent clinical applications.

CONTEXT: Gene expression (GE) analyses using microarrays have become an important part of biomedical and clinical research in hematolymphoid malignancies. However, the methods are time-consuming and costly for routine clinical practice. OBJECTIVES: To review the literature regarding GE data that may provide important information regarding pathogenesis and that may be extrapolated for use in diagnosing and prognosticating lymphomas and leukemias; to present GE findings in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, acute leukemias, and chronic myeloid leukemia in detail; and to summarize the practical clinical applications in tables that are referenced throughout the text. DATA SOURCE: PubMed was searched for pertinent literature from 1993 to 2005. CONCLUSIONS: Gene expression profiling of lymphomas and leukemias aids in the diagnosis and prognostication of these diseases. The extrapolation of these findings to more timely, efficient, and cost-effective methods, such as flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, results in better diagnostic tools to manage the diseases. Flow cytometric and immunohistochemical applications of the information gained from GE profiling assist in the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, other low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and leukemias, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, and classic Hodgkin lymphoma. For practical clinical use, GE profiling of precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and acute myeloid leukemia has supported most of the information that has been obtained by cytogenetic and molecular studies (except for the identification of FLT3 mutations for molecular analysis), but extrapolation of the analyses leaves much to be gained based on the GE profiling data.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

[Recent advances in the experimental study and clinical application of Pueraria lobata (Willd) Ohwi].

This paper presents a review on recent advances in experimental study and clinical application of Pueraria lobata. Experiments indicate that from Pueraria lobata many effective constituents can be extracted. The efficacy for arrhythmia etc. is obvious. The clinical use for various diseases in internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, dermatology and E.N.T. has also proved effective. pueraria lobata is supposed to have wide application.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical application of several Taoist magical pellets in the Tang Dynasty.]

Alchemy is one the arts of Taoist practice. Clinical application of arsenics, mercury, lead, and alloys brought out by alchemy is the primal effect on TCM clinic in the Tang Dynasty. Their chemical compounds such as arsenides, realgar, silver mercuric alloys, mercuric chlorides, all played an important role in TCM clinical practice in the Tang Dynasty, exerting effects on later ages until today.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[The clinical application of scalp expansion in the repair of cicatricial baldness in children].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the clinical application of the expanded graft from scalp in the repair of cicatricial baldness in children. METHODS: 45 cases with baldness following burn from 1988 to 1998 were reported. All of these patients (age ranged from 5-11 years) were treated by soft tissue expander. RESULTS: 5 cases were followed up for 1-2 years, the clinical results showed that the result from the graft of scalp expansion was satisfactory, and the long-term follow-up revealed that the hair in expended area and that in normal area was almost the same except the orientation of hair distribution had some difference. CONCLUSION: The head scalp expansion might be the first choice in the repair of cicatricial baldness following burn.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Brain imaging and its clinical application in psychiatry].

The common structural and functional brain imaging techniques are described from a practical, clinical point of view. The clinical indications for brain imaging in psychiatry are reviewed in relation to the specific limitations and advantages of each technique. The clinical applications of computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) are discussed in relation to the differential diagnosis between organic and functional psychiatric disorders. In a 55-year-old man with late onset of behavioral changes but without neurological signs the application of structural brain imaging (CT and MRI) in case management was demonstrated. The imaging findings involved the differential diagnosis between depression and focal brain lesions. In a 38-year-old man with personality changes and depression following a traumatic brain injury, time interval repeated functional brain imaging (SPECT) was used. Brain imaging reflected improvement in clinical status following treatment and was able to differentiate between reversible and permanent traumatic brain injuries. The superior yield of time interval repeated functional imaging in diagnosis and management of postconcussion syndrome is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Consensus Conference on Self-blood pressure measurement. Clinical applications and diagnosis.

The present study was aimed at reviewing the medical literature devoted to the clinical applications of self-blood pressure monitoring (SBPM) and at providing some recommendations regarding the use of SBPM for diagnostic purposes. The lack of reliability of conventional blood pressure (BP) measurement is largely related to the extreme variability of BP over time. SBPM provides a large number of readings and can be used to predict the results of repeated clinical measurements. The use of SBPM in the diagnosis of white coat hypertension can be proposed as a screening test: if it gives a positive result (a low home BP), it should be confirmed by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). SBPM could improve patients' compliance with medication. Last, SBPM may be cost-effective for the management of hypertensive patients, by reducing costs of medication, number of clinic visits and costs of cardiovascular morbidity. Compared with ABPM, SBPM seems to have a less value for the initial diagnosis of hypertension and for predicting prognosis. In contrast, it should be of more value for the long term follow-up of patients with white coat hypertension and for the evaluation of treatment efficacy in patients with sustained hypertension. The use of SBPM in diabetic hypertensives, in pregnant women and in the elderly is encouraged, but needs further evaluation.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed2005

Clinical applications of recombinant virus-based cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy looks back over one century of clinical applications. In spite of major advances in the comprehension of oncogenesis and treatment of cancer, malignant tumours remain a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Since 1991, a breakthrough in immunology allowed the identification of tumour-associated antigens, opening the era of specific immunotherapy. On the other hand, recombinant virus are powerful vectors that are able to express various gene products in vivo, including cytokines and tumour antigens. Therefore, many groups have implemented clinical trials of active specific tumour immunotherapy. Phase I trials have demonstrated favourable safety profiles. However, major tumour responses remain anecdotal in heavily metastatic patients. This review will critically present and discuss the clinical achievements of recombinant virus-based cancer immunotherapy. This paper will attempt to shed some light on the perspectives opened by advanced cancer immunotherapy protocols, review the drawbacks of this approach and the reasons why it is believed that recombinant virus-based cancer immunotherapy may be of relevance in the treatment of human malignancies.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Anatomical study and clinical applications of flaps based on cutaneous branches arising from posterior tibial vessels].

OBJECTIVE: To provide an anatomical basis for the clinical applications of the medial fascinocutaneous flap of calf and to verify its clinical value. METHODS: In 20 lower limb specimens of adult human cadavers, the number, course, size, position and distribution of septocutaneous branches of the posterior tibial vessels are marked by means of red latex and black ink irrigations through femur artery and septocutaneous branches of the posterior tibial artery respectively. RESULTS: The posterior tibial artery gives off several septocutaneous branches at the upper, middle and lower one-third of the leg respectively. Each septocutaneous artery has one or sometimes two concomitant veins. Based on this result, anterograde or reverse pedicled fasciocutaneous flap can be performed for the purpose of repairing soft tissue defects of leg and foot. The flap was clinically applied to treat leg and foot soft tissue defects in 12 cases with satisfactory results. CONCLUSION: The flap is easy to dissect, the posterior tibial artery can be preserved with high successful rate. Therefore, it offers an useful alternative in the repairing and reconstruction of nonextensive soft tissue defects in the leg and foot.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Clinical application of recombinant erythropoietin in myelodysplasia.

This article attempts to summarize the current information regarding the clinical application of recombinant human erythropoietin in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). To date, more than 300 MDS patients have been reported to be treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. The response patterns have been variable, but in general they range from 20% to 30%. The hormone has been shown to be safe and nontoxic.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2005

Thermal tumour ablation: devices, clinical applications and future directions.

Tumour ablation is clinically applied mainly for non-operable liver tumours, with increasing application to other organ sites like kidney, lung, adrenal gland and bone. Most current devices use radiofrequency (RF) current to heat tumour tissue surrounding the applicator, which is introduced into the tumour under imaging guidance. Tissue temperatures in excess of 100 degrees C are achieved, with cell death due to coagulative necrosis occurring above 50 degrees C. Limitations of current ablation devices include inadequate imaging, limited size of coagulation zone and reduced performance next to large vessels. This paper reviews current interstitial RF and microwave devices, clinical applications and future research directions in the field of high-temperature tumour ablation.

Electrodes↗
PubMed2006

Progress in researches on the pharmaceutical mechanism and clinical application of Ginkgo Biloba extract on various kinds of diseases.

Progress made over the pharmaceutical mechanism and clinical application of Ginkgo Biloba extract (GBE) on various kinds of diseases were reviewed in this paper. The effective elements contained in GBE are mainly kinds of Ginkgo flavonoid and Ginkgolide, which have marked protective effects on cardio-cerebral vascular and central nerve systems. In clinical practice, it is applied mostly in treatment of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. Also it shows apparent effects in the treatment processes of some other diseases as an adjuvant, and therefore, has been gradually accepted by the medical circle in the world, proving to be a medicine of wide prospect in development and application.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed2001

Clinical applicability of the substitution of mixed venous oxygen saturation with central venous oxygen saturation.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical applicability of substituting central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) for mixed venous oxygen saturation (SmvO2) in monitoring global tissue oxygenation. DESIGN: Prospective clinical investigation. SETTING: University hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-three adult patients. INTERVENTIONS: Venous oxygen saturation was recorded, and oxygen saturation difference between SmvO2 and ScvO2 (DeltaSmvcv) was calculated in 2 groups of patients (group I, sepsis patients [n = 41], and group II, general anesthesia for cardiovascular surgery patients [n = 32]) during initial placement of pulmonary artery catheters. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients were classified as follows: class A, patients having a DeltaSmvcv >-5%; class B, patients having a DeltaSmvcv between -5% and +5%; and class C, patients having a DeltaSmvcv >+5 %. Statistically significant differences were observed in cardiac index, oxygen delivery index, and oxygen extraction ratio between class A and B in both groups. Class C of group II showed the worst correlation between SmvO2 and ScvO2 and had significantly lower arterial carbon dioxide tension values than class A and B. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary artery blood sampling should not be replaced with central venous blood. Hypocapnia and increased oxygen extraction ratio seem to be the major factors that worsen the relationship between ScvO2 and SmvO2.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical application of Er:YAG laser for the treatment of pterygium.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical application of Er:YAG laser for the treatment of pterygium. METHOD: Five patients (5 eyes) with pterygium, 2 primary cases and 3 retreatment cases, whose ages ranged from 44 to 68 years (mean 54.4 years), were treated with the Er:YAG laser. The optical system consisted of a fluorozirco-aluminate glass fiber and a handpiece tip made of quartz glass. The tip of the guiding probe was applied to the surface of the pterygium, where the laser beam was emitted. The radiant energy was set at 10 mJ with water spray. RESULT: The removal of pterygium was accomplished under topical anesthesia with a laser output approximate range from 50 to 100 shots. Complications such as corneal erosion or thinning of the sclera were not observed. However, recurrence was seen in the 3 retreatment cases. CONCLUSION: The Er:YAG laser system may be a clinically useful tool as a laser surgical knife for ocular tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Ambulatory ST segment monitoring. Problems, pitfalls, solutions, and clinical application.

The introduction of frequency modulated recording systems for ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (Oxford Medilog mark 2 and Cardiodyne cassette recorders) prompted comparison with a conventional direct recording type of recorder (Oxford Medilog mark 1). The recordings obtained by the frequency modulated recorders were very much superior to those obtained by the direct recording type of recorder. The direct recording suffered from poor low frequency response, phase shift, and cable motions artefacts. Correction of these problems with careful attention to electrode application enabled stable graphs to be obtained over 24 hours. The clinical applications were explored by comparing the results of exercie tests with a computer assisted system with frequency modulated ambulatory monitoring in 30 patients. A range of ST deviations from pure ST depressions throughout 24 hours, pure ST elevation, and a combination of ST elevation and depression were seen, suggesting a spectrum of changes hitherto unsuspected in these patients. Painless ST changes were approximately twice as common as those associated with pain. These findings indicate a valuable role for ST segment monitoring in ischaemic heart disease, particularly with the availability of high fidelity modulated tracings which do not distort ST segments.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed2004

Laser-induced thermotherapy of neoplastic lesions in the brain--underlying tissue alterations, MRI-monitoring and clinical applicability.

Laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive neurosurgical approach to the stereotactic treatment of brain tumors in poorly accessible regions. Its clinical applicability has been shown in several experimental and clinical studies under on-line monitoring by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This review characterizes LITT as an alternative neurosurgical approach with specific focus on the typical histological alterations and ultrastructural cellular changes following laser irradiation in the central nervous system. The spatial and temporal pattern of these changes is discussed in their relevance to the neurosurgical treatment of neoplastic lesions using LITT.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Analysis of clinical application for various types of esophageal stents made in China].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Dysphagia is the main clinical symptom of the patients with esophageal carcinoma. The stent placement in esophagus is an effective method to resolve dysphagia.There are many types of stents. Through comparing observation of the stents made in China, which is the stainless steel "Z" stent, the Ni-Ti wire mesh-like stent, and the covered or uncovered-stent, the authors analyzed the clinical application of various types of esophageal stents in the treatment of malignant esophageal stricture. METHODS: The various types of esophageal stents were implanted into 40 patients with esophageal carcinoma. 13 cases for stainless steel "Z" stents, 27 cases for Ni-Ti wire mesh-like stents(24 cases were the covered stents and 16 cases were uncovered). All the patients were not operated with the dilation of balloon before stent placement. RESULTS: The esophageal stents were successfully implanted into 40 patients without complication of operation. Stainless steel "Z" stent were all dilated immediately at the time of operation, and all the 13 patients had obvious intra-breastbone pain after operation, which lasted 10-20 days. Although Ni-Ti wire mesh-like stents could not dilate completely in operation, all these can be dilated completely after 1 to 3 days; nine cases of them had obvious intra-breastbone pain, which lasted 3-5 days. In all these, 7 cases were the covered-stents and 2 cases uncovered. In 9 cases, tracheoesophageal fistulas were blocked completely. There was barium sulphate retention between the covered-stent implanted to the patients without tracheoesophageal fistula and the dilated esophagus. CONCLUSION: The clinical adaptability of the Ni-Ti wire mesh-like stent is better than that of the stainless steel "Z" stent. For the patients with tracheoesophageal fistula, the first choice is covered-stent, while for the patients without tracheoesophageal fistula, uncovered-stent is better. The dilation of balloon is not necessary before the stent placement.

Aged↗