Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Choroiditis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

The significance of choroid plexus cysts in an unselected population: results of a multicenter study.

OBJECTIVES: Choroid plexus cysts are commonly found at the time of a routine second-trimester scan, but there is much debate as to their clinical significance. The aims of this study were to define the incidence of choroid plexus cysts in an unselected population and describe their association with aneuploidy. DESIGN: This was a prospective, observational multicenter study. SUBJECTS: Subjects were all fetuses found to have choroid plexus cysts with a maximum diameter of 3 mm or greater and who were between 14 and 24 weeks' gestation when scanned in the routine ultrasound department at any of the 13 participating hospitals. RESULTS: There were 658 fetuses with choroid plexus cysts in a total of 101,600 births. The overall incidence of aneuploidy was 2.1%, but in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts the incidence of proven aneuploidy was 0.5% (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-1.4%). If age is taken into consideration, then the incidence of aneuploidy in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts where the mother is under the age of 36 years was 0.36% (95% CI, 0.04-1.3%), and 2.4% (95% CI, 0.06-12.6%) in older women. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the presence of choroid plexus cysts increases the risk for aneuploidy, mainly trisomy 18. In the majority of cases, the final risk will remain small, but will increase as maternal age increases.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1997

Production and secretion of adrenomedullin by cultured choroid plexus carcinoma cells.

Adrenomedullin is a potent vasodilator peptide that was originally isolated from pheochromocytoma. The production and secretion of adrenomedullin by cultured choroid plexus carcinoma cells were studied by radioimmunoassay and northern blot hybridization. Choroid plexus carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor derived from the epithelium of the choroid plexus. Immunoreactive adrenomedullin was detected in the conditioned medium of choroid plexus carcinoma cells (40.8 +/- 7.5 fmol/10(5) cells/24 h; mean +/- SEM, n = 5). Reverse-phase HPLC of the conditioned medium showed one major peak of the immunoreactive peptide eluting in the position of synthetic human adrenomedullin and two smaller peaks eluting earlier. Addition of interleukin-1 beta (10 ng/ml) alone or in combination with three cytokines, interferon-gamma (100 U/ml), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (20 ng/ml), and interleukin-1 beta (10 ng/ml), caused significant increases in the immunoreactive adrenomedullin concentrations in the medium (approximately 175 and 293% of the control level, respectively). Northern blot analysis showed the expression of 1.6-kb adrenomedullin mRNA in the total RNA sample prepared from cultured choroid plexus carcinoma cells. Treatment with either interleukin-1 beta or the combination of three cytokines caused significant increases in levels of adrenomedullin mRNA in parallel with those in immunoreactive adrenomedullin concentrations in the conditioned medium. These findings raise a possibility that adrenomedullin is secreted from the choroid plexus and has physiological roles in the CNS via the CSF. In addition, adrenomedullin secreted from choroid plexus carcinoma may be related to the pathophysiology of the tumor.

Adrenomedullin↗
PubMed1997

[Histological characterization and classification of surgically excised choroid neovascular membranes].

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken in order to histologically characterize surgically-excised choroidal neovascular membranes and to correlate theses histologic findings with the fundus and fluorescein angiographic appearance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Surgically-excised subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes submitted in the time period from November 1994 to July 1996 were included in this study. The membranes were processed and evaluated by light and transmission electron microscopy. Some membranes were oriented by the surgeon and marked on their inner surface with India ink and the configurations of these membranes were recorded and correlated with the fundus and fluorescein angiographic features. RESULTS: Sixty-two choroidal neovascular membranes were available for this study. In 74% age-related macular degeneration was the underlying disease. Retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial lined vascular channels were present in over 87.5% of cases. Basal laminar (linear) deposit was only present in membranes excised from patients with age-related macular degeneration. In six cases with Gass Type II choroidal neovascular membranes the histologic-clinical-fluorescein angiographic correlation showed well-defined (classic) neovascular membranes according to the criteria of the Macular Photocoagulation Study. Two membranes were not surrounded by retinal pigment epithelium and were classified as Type IIa membranes. Four membranes were surrounded by retinal pigment epithelium and classified as Type IIb membranes. CONCLUSIONS: Choroidal neovascular membranes represent a stereotypic, non-specific wound repair response to a specific stimulus. Retinal pigment epithelium may proliferate around and attempt to wall off choroidal neovascular membranes. We propose a new classification of surgically-excised choroidal neovascular membranes as Types I, IIa, and IIb.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A unique serotonin receptor in choroid plexus is linked to phosphatidylinositol turnover.

A novel serotonergic binding site, the 5-HT1C site, has been characterized recently in choroid plexus and several brain regions. The biochemical and physiological roles of this site have not been previously described. In this report we show that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) stimulates phosphatidylinositol turnover in rat choroid plexus. The pharmacology of serotonin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in choroid plexus was compared to the pharmacology in cerebral cortex, where this response is mediated by the serotonin 5-HT2 receptor. Serotonin increased phosphatidylinositol turnover in choroid plexus by 6-fold and in cerebral cortex by 2.5-fold. Serotonin was greater than 10-fold more potent in choroid plexus (EC50 = 46 nM) than in cerebral cortex (EC50 = 540 nM). The serotonin antagonists ketanserin, mianserin, and spiperone inhibited the response in the two tissues with different potencies. In cerebral cortex all three exhibited nanomolar affinities consistent with their potencies at the 5-HT2 site. In choroid plexus, however, the rank order (mianserin greater than ketanserin much greater than spiperone) and absolute potencies were consistent with binding to the 5-HT1C site. These data suggest that the 5-HT1C site in choroid plexus is a functional receptor that utilizes phosphatidylinositol turnover as its biochemical effector system.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Hypericin inhibits choroidal endothelial cell proliferation and cord formation in vitro.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of hypericin on bovine choroidal endothelial cell proliferation and cord formation and on protein kinase C activity. METHODS: The effect of hypericin (0.1-5 microM) on bovine choroidal endothelial cell proliferation was determined by cell number counting and a 3H-thymidine uptake assay in media containing 1, 5 or 10% serum. For the cord formation assay, bovine choroidal endothelial cells were seeded on basement membrane matrix, and the lengths of the capillary-like structures (cords) formed were quantified by image analysis. The effect of hypericin on cord formation was evaluated in the presence of serum or vascular endothelial growth factor. The effect of hypericin on protein kinase C activity was also measured in the presence or absence of light. RESULTS: Hypericin inhibited bovine choroidal endothelial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of light but not in the dark. Serum dose-dependently masked the inhibition of DNA synthesis by hypericin. Cord formation by bovine choroidal endothelial cells was stimulated by serum or vascular endothelial growth factor and inhibited by hypericin in the presence of light. Protein kinase C activity was completely inhibited by hypericin in the presence of light but only mildly inhibited in the absence of light. CONCLUSIONS: Hypericin inhibits bovine choroidal endothelial cell proliferation and cord formation and choroidal endothelial cell protein kinase C activity. These results suggest that hypericin should be further investigated in animal models for its potential to inhibit subretinal neovascularization.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Choroid plexus carcinoma in siblings: a study by light and electron microscopy with Ki-67 immunocytochemistry.

Choroid plexus carcinomas in siblings aged 11 months and 10 years were examined by light microscopy and immunocytochemistry. One case was studied by electron microscopy. Choroid plexus carcinoma is rare, with approximately 24 reported cases in children. Predicting the behavior of choroid plexus tumors from the histology can be difficult. Neither mitoses nor necrosis were seen in one case, but evaluation of proliferation using Ki-67 monoclonal antibody showed 9% of the cells to be in proliferative phases of the cell cycle, a high value for a glial-derived neoplasm. Ki-67 activity may be a more sensitive measure of proliferation in malignant choroid plexus tumors than the presence of mitoses and necrosis, and additional studies may establish its role in distinguishing between choroid plexus carcinoma and papilloma when histologic classification is equivocal. Both tumors were immunoreactive for keratin, which confirmed previous studies. Both were nonreactive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), unlike a previous study which reported that choroid plexus carcinoma, compared to papilloma, was uniquely S-100-negative and CEA-positive. Choroid plexus carcinoma in siblings has not been reported. Chance occurrence in siblings is extremely unlikely; thus a genetic basis for the neoplasms is likely, although environmental influences cannot be excluded.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1998

Transchoroidal approach to the third ventricle: an anatomic study of the choroidal fissure and its clinical application.

OBJECTIVE: We review the anatomic features of the lateral ventricle, the foramen of Monro, the third ventricle, and the choroidal fissure, and we describe the transchoroidal approach to the third ventricle. This approach consists of opening the taenia fornicis of the choroidal fissure in the body of the lateral ventricle and approaching the third ventricle between the two internal cerebral veins. This route allows further posterior enlargement of the foramen of Monro without sacrificing any neural structures. When necessary, the anterior septal vein can be sacrificed. METHODS: Twenty adult cadaveric brains and four adult cadaveric heads were studied, using a magnification ranging from 3 times to 40 times, after perfusion of the arteries and veins with colored latex. RESULTS: The choroidal fissure is a natural cleft between the thalamus and the fornix, and it is identified by following the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle. The choroid plexus in the body of the lateral ventricle originates from the tela choroidea of the roof of the third ventricle and is apparently attached to the fornix by the taenia fornicis and to the thalamus by the taenia choroidea. The taenia is actually the ependyma that covers the internal wall of the ventricular cavity and the choroid plexus. CONCLUSION: An understanding of the choroidal fissure is fundamental for use of the transchoroidal approach. Unlike transforaminal, subchoroidal, subforniceal, and interforniceal approaches to the third ventricle, which sacrifice some neural or vascular structures, the transchoroidal approach follows a natural route, and certainly it is one of the options to be considered when entry into the third ventricle is required.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1996

Complete ring melanoma of the choroid.

BACKGROUND: Ring melanoma of the uvea is a term generally applied to elongated, circumferentially oriented malignant melanomas of the iris and ciliary body; a complete ring melanoma involving almost exclusively the choroid is extremely uncommon. METHODS: The authors present a case report and clinicopathologic correlation of complete ring melanoma of choroid managed by enucleation. RESULTS: A 74-year-old woman was found to have a diffuse, melanotic thickening of the midzonal to peripheral choroid circumferentially for 360 degrees and an associated subtotal serous retinal detachment with shifting subretinal fluid in her left eye. The thickest portion of the mass measured only 2.3 mm by ultrasound biometry. The eye was enucleated, and histopathologic analysis confirmed a diffuse malignant melanoma composed predominantly of spindle B cells. CONCLUSIONS: A complete ring melanoma of the choroid is a rare and unusual variant of diffuse uveal malignant melanoma. The pertinent differential diagnosis of choroidal ring melanoma includes diffuse choroidal melanocytoma, choroidal melanocytosis associated with ocular melanocytosis, bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation associated with systemic carcinoma, and diffuse uveal lymphocytic infiltration.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Visual and anatomical outcome following submacular surgery for choroidal neovascularization secondary to Candida endophthalmitis.

PURPOSE: To report the long-term visual and anatomical outcomes for patients treated with submacular surgery for choroidal neovascularization associated with endogenous candidal endophthalmitis. METHODS: Review of the medical records, fluorescein angiograms, fundus photographs, and histopathologic specimens of patients treated with submacular surgery for choroidal neovascularization following candidal endophthalmitis. RESULTS: This series included 3 patients (1 woman and 2 men) who were 26, 30, and 60 years of age. Each patient had received systemic antifungal treatment for culture-proven candidal septicemia before the development of choroidal neovascularization. Each patient had bilateral choroidal neovascularization diagnosed by biomicroscopic examination and angiographic appearance: 2 eyes had an active subfoveal membrane; 2, an active juxtafoveal subretinal membrane; and 2, a mixture of active subfoveal neovascularization with subfoveal fibrosis. Submacular surgery was performed on five eyes with choroidal neovascularization; one eye with subfoveal fibrosis was observed. Visual acuity improved substantially in 4 eyes of 3 patients treated with submacular surgery. Visual improvement was limited in the two eyes with preexisting submacular fibrosis. During 13-month to 82-month follow-ups, vision remained stable, with no recurrence of neovascularization. CONCLUSION: Choroidal neovascularization can cause severe visual loss in patients with endogenous candidal infection. Submacular surgery with removal of choroidal neovascularization may restore vision in selected patients. Subfoveal fibrosis may limit visual improvement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcification in the human choroid plexus, meningiomas and pineal gland.

Calcification in the stroma of adult telencephalic choroid plexus was studied of 20 postmortem brains and one biopsy by light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy and compared with calcification in psammoma bodies in normal arachnoid, five spinal meningiomas and in calcospherites of six pineal glands. Fifteen fetal and newborn choroid plexuses were also examined by light microscopy. Calcium deposition was observed in the subepithelial regions of the adult choroid plexus, in the walls of blood vessels but was mostly seen in spherical psammoma bodies. Collagen whorls 20-60 microns in diameter and surrounded by arachnoid cells, were observed in the stroma of the choroid plexus; calcium, phosphorous and iron were deposited in the collagen whorls to form psammoma bodies. Matrix vesicles and spicules resembling hydroxyapatite were associated with the arachnoid cells surrounding the collagen whorls and with the collagen fibres within the whorls. The dense amorphous calcified core of each psammoma body was surrounded by an outer coating of entwined collagen fibres readily visible by scanning electron microscopy. Similar psammoma bodies were occasionally observed in normal arachnoid. Psammoma bodies in meningiomas resembled those in the choroid plexus stroma. Calcospherites in the pineal differed from psammoma bodies; they were lobulated, more irregular in shape and did not have a collagen base. The results of this study suggest that psammoma bodies in the choroid plexus, as in meningiomas, form by a process of dystrophic calcification associated with arachnoid cells and collagen fibres. The presence of iron in the choroid plexus psammoma bodies may be a result of haemorrhage into the stroma. The mechanism of calcification in pineal remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy of choroidal neovascularisation using indocyanine green.

BACKGROUND: Choroidal neovascularisation is an important cause of visual loss in age-related macular degeneration. Visualisation of these choroidal abnormalities with fluorescein angiography may be difficult, particularly if there is haemorrhage, excessive pigment, or excessive fluorescence. We report on our experience with indocyanine green (ICG) angiography in demonstrating choroidal neovascularisation. METHOD: Patients with suspected choroidal neovascularisation were assessed with indocyanine green angiography using the Rodenstock Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope and results recorded on a videotape. Fluorescein angiograms were also obtained in a similar fashion. The angiograms were then compared. RESULTS: In some instances ICG angiography was able to demonstrate the margins and structure of choroidal neovascular membranes more clearly than fluorescein, particularly in the presence of haemorrphage, excessive fluorescence and blocked fluorescence. However, there were instances where it was difficult to interpret the choroidal abnormalities found. Some illustrative cases are discussed. CONCLUSION: We conclude that ICG angiography is a useful adjunct to fluorescein angiography in detection and delineation of choroidal neovascularisation, but that further study is needed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Deoxycytidine transport and metabolism in choroid plexus.

In vitro, the transport into and release of [3H]deoxycytidine from the isolated choroid plexus, the anatomical locus of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, were studied separately. By use of the ability of nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBTI) to inhibit deoxycytidine efflux from choroid plexus, the transport of 1 microM [3H]deoxycytidine into choroid plexus at 37 degrees C was measured. Deoxycytidine was transported into choroid plexus against a concentration gradient by a saturable process that depended on intracellular energy production, but not intracellular binding or metabolism. The Michaelis-Menten constant (KT) for the active transport of deoxycytidine into choroid plexus was 15 microM. The active transport system for deoxycytidine was inhibited by naturally occurring nucleosides and deoxynucleosides, but not by 1 mM probenecid and 2-deoxyribose or 100 microM cytosine and cytosine arabinoside. With less than 1 microM [3H]deoxycytidine in the medium, the choroid plexus accumulated [3H]deoxycytidine against a concentration gradient. However, approximately 50% of the [3H]deoxycytidine was phosphorylated to [3H]deoxycytidine nucleotides at a low extracellular [3H]deoxycytidine concentration (6 nM) in 15-min incubations. This accumulation process depended, in part, on saturable intracellular phosphorylation. These studies provide further evidence that the choroid plexus contains an active nucleoside transport system of low specificity for deoxynucleosides and ribonucleosides, and a separate, saturable efflux system for deoxynucleosides which is very sensitive to inhibition by NBTI.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Gene expression and receptor binding of insulin-like growth factor-II in pig choroid plexus epithelial cells.

To elucidate the function of insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) in the choroid plexus, the gene expression and receptor binding of IGF-II were studied in isolated epithelial cells from the porcine choroid plexus. The choroid plexus expressed multiple IGF-II transcripts of 1.2, 1.6, 2.4, and 4.4 kb, at levels higher than those found in porcine liver and kidney. These data suggest that IGF-II is synthesized by the choroid plexus. Choroid plexus epithelial cells contained high levels of IGF-I receptors on the cell surface whereas very low levels of receptor binding were found for 125I-IGF-II and 125I-insulin. Solubilization of epithelial cells showed that a large proportion of the IGF-I receptors were present in the detergent-insoluble fraction whereas IGF-II receptors and insulin receptors were concentrated in the detergent-soluble fraction. These results suggest that IGF-I receptors are located in clathrin-coated pits of the plasma membrane whereas IGF-II receptors and insulin receptors are present in endosomal vesicles. The tyrosine kinase activity of the IGF-I receptor beta-subunit was stimulated by IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin, in order of potency, suggesting that these peptides exert a regulatory function in the choroid plexus epithelium. In conclusion, we propose that the IGF-I receptor tyrosine kinase on the surface of the epithelial cells in the pig choroid plexus mediates effects of IGF-I and IGF-II, whereas IGF-II receptors are down-regulated due to the synthesis and secretion of IGF-II in these cells.

Affinity Labels↗
PubMed1976

Quantitative development of choroid plexuses in chick embryo cerebral ventricles.

Quantitative development of choroid plexuses in cerebral ventricles of chick embryos was investigated by means of the planary projection of the choroid plexuses from the time the plexuses reached a consistent flattened structure. Choroid plexuses in the lateral cerbral ventricles were studied from day 6, the plexus in the third cerebral ventricle from day 8, and the plexus in the fourth cerebral ventricle from day 11 of incubation. Regardless of the microscopic origin of these choroid plexuses, their development reached a growth maximum on day 15 of incubation, after which there was a slight regression. The regression was gradual in the plexus of the third cerebral ventricle but a transient enlargement of plexuses in the laternal and in the fourth cerebral ventricle was observed between days 18 and 19. The enlargement of choroid plexuses in the lateral cerebral ventricles was caused by a flattening of the villi, whereas that of the plexus in the fourth cerebral ventricle was caused by thinning and yawning of the villi. The area of choroid plexuses in the lateral cerebral ventricles was six or seven times larger than the sum of the areas of the remaining choroid plexuses.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Composition of fluid obtained from choroid plexus tissue isolated in a chamber in situ.

1. A method was developed for isolating a segment of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle of the cat brain in a chamber in situ.2. A comparison of electrolyte and protein concentrations in serum, ultrafiltrate of serum, cisterna magna fluid, fluid accumulated in the chamber and fluid collected from the choroid plexus by another technique, demonstrates that the chamber fluid is a secretory product of the choroid plexus.3. The rate of fluid formation in the chamber was 0.4 mul. min(-1) mg(-1) of tissue, a value in good agreement with reports in the literature.4. The observation that the concentration of K(+) in choroid plexus fluid was lower than that in the serum ultrafiltrate suggests that K(+) is regulated by an active transport process at the choroid plexus.5. Significant correlation was found between electrolyte values and the protein content of the chamber fluid. This suggests that plasma is the probable source of the protein in the chamber fluid and that K(+) and probably Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) in c.s.f. are subject to active homoeostatic regulation by the choroid plexus.6. The technique described provides a new opportunity to study in detail the functional characteristics of the choroid plexus.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Uptake of [14C]urea by the in vivo choroid plexus--cerebrospinal fluid--brain system: identification of sites of molecular sieving.

1. The time course of the uptake of [(14)C]urea by the lateral ventricular choroid plexus of the adult rat in vivo was analysed to delineate further the permeability characteristics of the epithelial membrane of this secretory tissue.2. Eight hours after I.P. injection, [(14)C]urea attained a steady-state distribution in 78% of the tissue water of lateral ventricular choroid plexus; similarly, approximately 8 hr was required for radiourea to reach a steady-state concentration in both the cerebral cortex and cerebrospinal fluid (c.s.f.).3. Results obtained for compartment analysis were used to calculate the concentration of [(14)C]urea in the epithelium of the lateral ventricular plexus during the approach to and at steady-state distribution. Even after 1 hr of distribution, the [(14)C]urea concentration in choroid cell water was less than 15% of that in plasma water.4. Although the concentration of radiourea in choroid cell water continually increased after 3 hr, it remained in equilibrium with the concentration of [(14)C]urea in c.s.f. water. At the steady state (i.e., 8 hr), the distribution of [(14)C]urea between the water of plasma and that of the choroidal epithelium was considerably away from equilibrium (i.e., by 25-30%).5. An analysis of the concentration gradients for [(14)C]urea across both the apical (c.s.f.-facing) and basolateral (plasma-facing) membranes of the epithelium of the lateral ventricular plexus suggests that the movement of urea is hindered to a greater extent by the basolateral membrane than by the apical membrane.6. Only a single half-time component (1.3 hr) can be resolved from analysis of the curve describing the time course of uptake of radiourea by the choroid epithelial cell compartment.7. The concentration gradient data suggest that urea penetrates from blood to c.s.f. via the choroid plexus by a transcellular pathway; however, it is not possible to rule out a paracellular pathway for urea movement.8. At the steady state, radiourea distributes into 88% of the water of cerebral cortex. This observation, together with the finding of a steady-state concentration gradient for [(14)C]urea from cortical tissue to c.s.f., constitutes evidence that urea movement is hindered at the blood-brain barrier as well as at the blood-c.s.f. barrier.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

An experimental study of the elastic properties of the human Bruch's membrane-choroid complex: relevance to ageing.

AIM: To investigate the mechanical properties (stress-strain relation, elasticity, hysteresis, response to stress spikes and drops) of isolated human Bruch's membrane-choroid, as well as the effect of ageing and aged related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: 13 Bruch's membrane-choroid complexes were obtained from human donors (21-97 years). Two samples (aged 85 and 95) showed signs of AMD including large, soft drusen, choroidal neovascularisation, and/or disciform scars. Various hydrostatic pressures (stress) were applied to the choroidal surface of mid-peripheral samples mounted in a modified open Ussing chamber. Linear scans of the tissue were recorded by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the pressure induced deformation (strain), elasticity, hysteresis, and response to pressure spikes and drops measured. RESULTS: The elasticity of human Bruch's membrane-choroid complex decreased linearly with ageing (p<0.001) after the age of 21 with an approximate reduction of 1% per year. The decrease was not exaggerated in AMD. The recoil capacity of Bruch's membrane-choroid was not affected by ageing. The response to pressure spikes/drops was similar in age matched normal and AMD eyes. The results suggest that although the aged induced decrease in Bruch's membrane elasticity may contribute to breaks in this membrane in AMD leading to neovascularisation this is not sufficient. The presence of other factors is required for its development. CONCLUSION: The elasticity of Bruch's membrane-choroid complex decreases with age while recoil capacity does not. The decrease was not exaggerated in AMD.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Foveal electroretinograms and choroidal perfusion characteristics in fellow eyes of patients with unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

AIMS/BACKGROUND: A prolonged choroidal filling phase on fluorescein angiography has been reported to be a common finding and associated with visual function abnormalities in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This investigation was carried out to determine whether this perfusion defect was related to the slowing of foveal cone electroretinogram (ERG) implicit time seen in patients with AMD. METHODS: Fluorescein angiograms and foveal cone ERGs were evaluated in the fellow eyes of 67 patients with unilateral neovascular AMD. RESULTS: Twenty eight (42%) of the eyes had a choroidal perfusion defect. ERG implicit times averaged 1 ms slower (p = 0.0167) and were more likely to be delayed (p = 0.0078) in eyes with abnormal choroidal perfusion than in eyes with normal choroidal filling; significant relations were found also after controlling for age. ERG implicit time was also inversely related to ETDRS visual acuity and positively related to the extent of macular drusen; and the latter showed a borderline significant tendency to be more prevalent in eyes with prolonged choroidal perfusion. However, an association of a delayed ERG implicit time with prolonged choroidal filling remained after controlling for age, acuity, and the extent of drusen. CONCLUSION: These findings further establish prolonged choroidal perfusion as a common finding in AMD and link it to retinal malfunction.

Aged↗