Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ChIP”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Cataract extraction with rotated-chipping phacoemulsification in the capsule].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effects of rotated-chipping phacoemulsification in the capsule. METHODS: The operation of continuous circular capsulectomy, nuclear hydrodissection, cataract extraction with rotated-chipping phacoemulsification in capsule and intraocular lens implantation was performed on 215 eyes. RESULTS: Rotated-chipping technique was successfully completed in 215 eyes. In the operation 2 to 4 circles were rotated with the ultrasonic energy 19.3% for 12 seconds on average. The rate of corneal endothelium loss was 7.5%. CONCLUSION: The technique of rotated-chipping phacoemulsification in capsule is safe and rapid which can be used for cataracts with nuclei of various degrees in sclerosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Rotated-chipping phacoemulsification in front of capsule].

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to investigate the clinical effects of rotated-chipping phacoemulsification in front of capsule. METHODS: Phacoemulsification using rotated-chipping technique in front of capsule with intraocular lens implantation was performed with medium energy and high vacuum on 50 eyes. RESULTS: Rotated-chipping technique was successfully completed in 46 of 50 eyes (92%), unsuccessful cases were related to shallow anterior chamber and incomplete hydrodissection. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that rotated-chipping phacoemulsification be used for cataracts with various sclerotic nuclei and it is valuable to be applied extensively.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Preliminary study of development of gene chips for HIV diagnosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the technology for establishing DNA chips for the diagnosis of HIV. METHODS: HIV 1U26942 DNA fragments were isolated by restriction display-PCR (RD-PCR) and printed onto aminosilane-coated glass slides by Pixsys 5500 arrayer as probes to prepare the gene chips. HIV samples, after labeled with Cy3, were hybridized with the microarray followed by scanning for analysis of hybridization kinetics of the RD fragments. RESULTS: The experimental condition for preparing the gene chips was investigated and 12 RD fragments were screened as probes for further study. CONCLUSION: The technique established in this study for preparing DNA chips is specific and applicable.

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures↗
PubMed2000

[The Gene Chip Technology and the Prospects of Its Application in Hematology and Oncology]

The basic principle, technological procedure and types of gene chips were introduced in the article. The probe choice in practical application and processing and hybridization of detected samples were described. Some researchers have used gene chips in hematology, oncology and cellular differentiation. Gene chips can be used to detect the expression of oncogenes, tumor suppression genes, and cell differentiation- and apoptosis-related genes. It can also help us to further study the association between the polymorphism of human genes and disease susceptibility. The aspects of development and problems in gene chips study were discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

[Preliminary study on HLA-B genotyping by oligonucleotide chips].

HLA genes constitute a highly polymorphic multigene system. In the present study, HLA-B oligonucleotide chips were manufactured by using a set of sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes derived from polymorphic regions in exon 2 and exon 3 of HLA-B gene spotted by microarrayer onto the aldehyde modified glass slides. In addition, the sequenced HLA-B gene clones used as standard samples were amplified from exon 2 and exon 3 by PCR. Together with the correct hybridization and wash conditions, the PCR products were bound with the array probes on the chip, and the hybridization patterns were transformed to HLA-B genotypes. The results showed that the genotypes of standard samples by the HLA-B oligonucleotide chips were completely identical with the sequenced clones. In conclusion, the oligonucleotide chip method presented here for HLA-B genotyping is a rapid, accurate, sensitive and attractive high throughput biochemical way.

Genotype↗
PubMed2001

[The nucleic acid analysis by DNA chip technique based on nuclease S1 protection].

OBJECTIVE: Establishing a method for quantitative analysis of nucleic acid by DNA chips. METHODS: The modified oligonucleotides with ribose at 3'-end was chemically synthesized. The 5'-end was labeled by radioisotope 32P with kinase catalyzed reactions. Such oligonucleotides were converted into di-aldehyde at 3'-end by oxidization with NaIO4, and then were spotted on glass slide with the amino group modified surface. After reduced with NaBH4, the oligonucleotides were attached strongly. The DNA chips prepared with this method were hybridized with nucleic acids existed in the solution and then digested with nuclease S1. RESULTS: When they were paired with the nucleic acids in the solution perfectly, the oligonucleotides on the chip were not cleaved by nuclease S1. Otherwise, the oligonucleotides on chip were cleaved. The protection efficiencies appeared proportional to the perfect paired nucleic acids in the solution when the content of target nucleic acids were less than the spots on the slides. CONCLUSIONS: The method was developed for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of nucleic acid. As it was not required to label the samples with radioisotope or fluorescence, it might be a practical choice for clinical tests.

DNA Probes↗
PubMed2004

[DNA chip analysis of gene expression patterns in poorly-differentiated human stage I lung adenocarcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To screen genes with abnormal expression in poorly-differentiated human lung adenocarcinoma at stage I with cDNA chip. METHODS: The mRNA was extracted from cancer tissue and matched normal lung tissue, and was labeled by Cy5-dUTP or Cy3-dUTP as probes. Subsequently, the mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA chip containing 8192 genes. The information was obtained by managing the cDNA chip with ScanArray4000 scanner and GenePix3.0 software. RESULTS: Five hundred and eighty genes were differentially expressed between cancer and normal lung tissue. Compared with normal lung tissue, 405 genes were up-regulated and 175 genes were down-regulated in cancer tissue. These genes are involved in different cell activities such as growth regulation and signal transduction. Among the 66 genes with remarkable differential expression between the two tissues, 39 were up-regulated and 27 down-regulated. CONCLUSION: Many different kinds of genes are possibly involved in the initiation and progression of human lung adenocarcinoma. cDNA chip technique might be a useful method in screening lung cancer implicated genes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

The results of posterolateral lumbar fusion with bone chips from laminectomy in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis.

BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to assess the radiologic outcome of spinal fusion, with bone chips from laminectomy in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis. METHODS: From January 1993 to September 2001, 95 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis were managed and followed up well at our Orthopedic Division. All patients presented with persistent low back pain, radiculopathy and claudication. The diagnosis of lumbar spondylolisthesis was confirmed by plain radiographs of the lumbar spine, with lumbar spine computed tomography scan (CT-scan) performed to identify other associated conditions. A near total posterior decompression laminectomy with foraminotomy and posterolateral lumbar fusion using bone chips from laminectomy as bone graft and reduction of the vertebral slip using transpedicle screws with Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen spinal fixators and Trifix Reduction Fixation spinal system implants, were instituted. Additional disectomies were performed in several patients with disc rupture as confirmed by CT-scan. Fusion was then assessed by plain lumbar radiographs done at 4, 8, and 24 months after operation. RESULTS: The outcome was good, with 88 (92.6%) cases attaining solid fusion, while failed fusion was noted in 7 (7.4%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: Proper decortication of the posterolateral vertebral gutter with removal of all soft tissues attached to the bone chips prior to the placement of bone graft were noted to be the most significant factors for spinal fusion. Fusion rate with bone chips from laminectomy was shown to be comparable to that of the iliac crest bone graft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Separation of white blood cells from erythrocytes on a dielectrophoresis (DEP) based 'Lab-on-a-chip' device.

The 'Lab-on-a-chip technology' involves miniaturization of complex analytical procedures and is expected to enable laboratory testing to move from the central laboratory employing complex equipment into non-laboratory settings. We report the application of a printed circuit board (PCB)-based chip, generating dielectrophoretic (DEP)-based cylinder-shaped cages for separation and recovery of white blood cells from erythrocytes. This possibility is of interest to develop low-cost Lab-on-a-chip devices for diagnostic purposes. Accordingly, we demonstrate that white blood cells recovered from this Lab-on-a-chip device are suitable for PCR-based molecular diagnosis procedures employing DNA sequencing or biospecific interaction analysis using surface plasmon resonance and biosensor technology.

Biosensing Techniques↗
PubMed2006

Time-resolved fluorescence detection of mosaic DNA chip.

We demonstrated a time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) label and detection of mosaic DNA chip in this paper. We synthesized oligonucleotide sequences in situ on glass slides directly, and then sliced them up into small pieces and patched up the pieces bearing different sequences to generate a mosaic DNA chip. With multiple 4, 7-bis(chlorosulfophenyl)-1, 10-phenanthroline-2, 9-dicarboxylic acid (BCPDA, abbreviated as BCPDA) labeling method based on avidin-biotin amplification, we established a TRF detection format on the mosaic DNA chip. The detection method allows discriminatory signals for perfect match, one-base mismatch, two-base mismatch, and three-base mismatch by TRF labeled DNA hybridization, whereby Europium (III, Eu3+) was captured and released on the principle of complexation and dissociation interaction between BCPDA and Eu3+ solution when the BCPDA-tagged avidin and biotin-capped oligonucleotide sequence linked. The fluorescence spectra and related lifetimes were determined. We also compared the TRF detection mode with the conventional fluorescence one. These results showed the former is a potential alternative replacement of the latter, especially for labeling the mosaic DNA chip. The discovery is of fundamental interest and has significant implications to biochips and biosensors based on time-resolved-fluorescence detection.

Avidin↗
PubMed2006

[The development and clinical application of papillomavirus genotyping by DNA chip].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new platform for genotyping human papillomavirus (HPV) and to investigate its effect in clinical application. METHODS: A pair of common primers of 18 HPV subtypes for PCR, was designed in HPV conservative L1 region. Genotyping probes for detecting 15 high-risk HPV subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68, together with 3 low-risk HPV 6, 11 and 42 were selected respectively from Genbank and fixed on membrane to make DNA chip. PCR amplification and DNA chip technology were optimized. 100 clinical samples were used to investigate the effect of HPV genotyping DNA chip. Veracity of the genotyping results was verified by sequencing. RESULTS: From the 100 clinical samples, 30 were found to be HPV positive, including high-risk HPV subtypes 16, 18, 33, 45, 51, 58, and 66, and low-risk HPV 6, 11 and 42. The sensitivity tested by standard samples was up to 10 copies of HPV DNA. CONCLUSION: The HPV genotyping system developed here with DNA chip showed high sensitivity and specificity, suitable to be applied in clinical practice for HPV diagnosis and investigation on the prevalence of HPV sub-types.

DNA Probes, HPV↗
PubMed2006

[Development of a DNA chip screening mitochondrial DNA mutations in patients with diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a rapid and precise high-throughput mitochondrial (mt) DNA chip and to investigate the relationship between mtDNA tRNA Leu (UUR) and ND1 gene mutations and diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A wild-type and mutant probes of 28 loci in tRNA Leu (UUR) and ND1 gene were immobilized on the Hybond N + nylon membrane by UV-crosslinking, then the mtDNA chips were used to detect 28 loci mutation in 200 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 210 matched healthy controls. All the mutations were further confirmed by DNA sequencing. Mfold and Antherprot softwares were used to predict the secondary structures of the mutant gene and protein. RESULTS: The mtDNA chip, which could detect 28 loci mutations, was successfully developed. In diabetic group, there were 2 (1.0%) cases of T3 290C mutation, 6 (3.0%) of G3 316A (Ala-->Thr) mutation, 5 (2.5%) of T 3 394C (Tyr-->His) mutation, 1 (0.5%) of T3 593 C (Val-->Ala) mutation, 1 (0.5%) of A3 606G (Leu-->Leu) mutation, 8 (4.0%) of A4 164G (Met-->Met) mutation, 2 (1.0%) of T4 216C (Met-->His) mutation. In the controls, 1 (0.5%) carrier of G3 316A mutation and 5 (2.4%) carriers of A4 164G mutation were found. There was significant difference between two groups for T3 394C mutation frequencies (P = 0.027). The secondary structures of the mutant proteins of G3 316A, T3 394C, T3 593C and T4 216C mutations were all different from those of the wild-types'. CONCLUSION: mtDNA chip is a rapid and reliable high-throughput method for mutations detection, and T3 394C mutation in ND1 gene might contribute to the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cross resistance studies with L1210 leukemia subline single and double resistant to cisplatin and iproplatin (CHIP).

Resistance to cisplatin (DDP) and/or iproplatin (CHIP) was induced in vitro in murine L1210 leukemia cells. Double-resistant sublines with combined resistance to both drugs were also developed. Cross resistance investigations with DDP, CHIP, oxoplatinum (OXO), carboplatin (CBDCA) and its quadrivalent derivative OXOCBDCA were performed in these resistant sublines. Lack of cross resistance between DDP and CHIP was found. A higher resistance to CHIP in the double-resistant sublines was observed. A multistep process in the development of resistance to this compound is supposed. The importance of the aminoligand and the role of different pharmacokinetics in the cross resistance are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Biologically active two-dimensional crystals of aquaporin CHIP.

Plasma membranes of several mammalian tissues are highly permeable to water due to the presence of CHIP, the 28-kDa channel-forming integral protein which is the archetypal member of the aquaporin family of water channel proteins. To define its native structure, purified red cell CHIP protein was reconstituted into lipid bilayers at a high protein-to-lipid ratio, and the resulting 3-microns diameter membrane vesicles were examined by high resolution electron microscopy. The reconstituted membranes contained highly ordered two-dimensional crystalline lattices of p422(1) symmetry in which each CHIP tetramer contained a central depression extending from the outer and inner surfaces of the membrane into the transbilayer domain of the molecule. The reconstituted membranes also exhibited extremely high osmotic water permeability, Pf = 0.472 cm/s, corresponding to the sum of activities of all incorporated CHIP molecules. These studies report the first two-dimensional crystallization of a biologically active water channel and provide direct evidence of the structure responsible for its pore-like behavior.

Aquaporin 1↗
PubMed2005

Functional membrane-implanted lab-on-a-chip for analysis of percent HDL cholesterol.

A functional lab-on-a-chip has been developed for simultaneous quantitative analyses of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) and total cholesterol (total-C) in a submicroliter plasma sample. The analytical device was fabricated by placing commercial membranes, traditionally used for rapid diagnostics, within microfluidic channels engraved on the surface of a plastic chip. The concentration of HDL-C was measured using enzymatic reactions to produce a colorimetric signal after separation of the single plasma lipoprotein from a mixture. Two small pieces of different membrane pads were used to provide each group of reagents, for HDL separation and enzyme reactions, deposited within their tiny pores in a dry state. To maintain a connection toward the capillary action of the medium, the pads were arranged in a sequence within the fluidic channel that controlled the inlet and outlet of the flow. Upon the addition of a sample, the fluid was delivered through the pads of the chip and a color signal was subsequently generated in proportion to the concentration of HDL-C. The level of total-C was concurrently determined by following identical processes, except absent HDL separation. The two signals were simultaneously determined by employing optical detectors based on transmittance of a light. Such total analyses were completed within 2 min, and the sample sizes were able to be reduced to 0.4 microL for HDL-C and 0.1 microL for total-C, enough to cover the clinically required dynamic ranges.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed2006

Double-cross hydrostatic pressure sample injection for chip CE: variable sample plug volume and minimum number of electrodes.

A novel sample injection method for chip CE was presented. This injection method uses hydrostatic pressure, generated by emptying the sample waste reservoir, for sample loading and electrokinetic force for dispensing. The injection was performed on a double-cross microchip. One cross, created by the sample and separation channels, is used for formation of a sample plug. Another cross, formed by the sample and controlling channels, is used for plug control. By varying the electric field in the controlling channel, the sample plug volume can be linearly adjusted. Hydrostatic pressure takes advantage of its ease of generation on a microfluidic chip, without any electrode or external pressure pump, thus allowing a sample injection with a minimum number of electrodes. The potential of this injection method was demonstrated by a four-separation-channel chip CE system. In this system, parallel sample separation can be achieved with only two electrodes, which is otherwise impossible with conventional injection methods. Hydrostatic pressure maintains the sample composition during the sample loading, allowing the injection to be free of injection bias.

Electrodes↗
PubMed2005

A MALDI-chip integrated system with a monitoring window.

The integration of a monitoring port along the microfluidic path of a MALDI-chip integrated device is described. Optimization of the microreactor design allows longer reaction and measuring times. The Schiff base reaction between 4-tert-butylaniline (1) and 4-tert-butylbenzaldehyde (2) in ethanol was carried out on-chip in the MALDI ionization chamber and the formed imine 3 was detected in real time, demonstrating the feasibility of the "monitoring window" approach. This preliminary result opens the way to on-chip kinetic studies by MALDI-MS, by opening multiple monitoring windows along the microchannel.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed2026

Development of a 10K breeder-friendly SNP chip for faba bean.

INTRODUCTION: Faba bean breeding and genomics have seen steady progress in recent years, supported by genome sequences and high-density genotyping platforms. These tools have been valuable for trait mapping, diversity assessment, and genomic research, but they have limited routine use in breeding programs due to their relatively high cost. Recent progress in establishing an optimized, cost-efficient genotyping-by-sequencing protocol tailored to the large and complex faba bean genome has created the foundation for a more accessible genotyping solution. METHODS: Using this approach, we explored the genetic diversity of faba bean germplasm from various panels, providing a comprehensive representation of the crop's genetic landscape. From this dataset, we identified and selected a high-quality set of informative SNP markers that are evenly distributed across the genome. Building on these resources, we designed a breeder-friendly 10K SNP chip. RESULTS: The 10K SNP chip delivers high accuracy, broad genomic coverage, and affordability. The chip was validated across diverse germplasm panels, demonstrating strong clustering performance, high reproducibility, and applicability to breeding-relevant germplasm. DISCUSSION: This platform offers a cost-effective alternative to higher-density arrays, enabling its integration into genomic selection, marker-assisted breeding, and diversity monitoring, ultimately supporting accelerated genetic gain and the delivery of improved varieties to farmers.

SNP chip↗