Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CLOTHING”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Cloth-based hybridization array system for the detection of multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104.

AIMS: A simple DNA macroarray system was developed for detection of antibiotic resistance and other marker genes associated with the multidrug-resistant food pathogen Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104. METHODS AND RESULTS: A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) incorporating digoxigenin-dUTP was used to simultaneously amplify seven marker sequences, with subsequent rapid detection of the amplicons by hybridization with an array of probes immobilized on polyester cloth and immunoenzymatic assay of the bound label. This system provided sensitive detection of the different genetic markers in the S. Typhimurium DT104 genome, giving positive reactions with as few as 10 CFU, and the hybridizations were highly specific, with no reactions of amplicons with heterologous probes on the array. CONCLUSIONS: This cloth-based hybridization array system (CHAS) provides a simple, cost-effective tool for monitoring S. Typhimurium DT104 in foods and their production environment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The CHAS is a simple and cost-effective tool for the simultaneous detection of amplicons generated in a multiplex PCR, and the concept is broadly applicable to the detection and characterization of food pathogens.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2006

Production of cellulase by Aspergillus niger biofilms developed on polyester cloth.

AIMS: To compare cellulase production by Aspergillus niger ATCC 10864 biofilms on polyester cloth and freely suspended cultures in shaken flasks and microbioreactors of bubble column type. METHODS AND RESULTS: Both shaken flasks and oxygenated microbioreactors containing 40 ml of production medium were used to compare cellulase secretion by free mycelium and biofilm cultures. Free mycelium cultures grew better in flasks than in microbioreactors producing compact and fluffy pellets, respectively, while the opposite was found for biofilm cultures without any visible change in biofilm morphology. Cellulase activities and volumetric productivities attained by biofilms in flask cultures were 70% higher than that produced by free mycelium cultures and threefold higher when biofilms were grown in microbioreactors. CONCLUSIONS: Fungal biofilms developed on polyester cloth in both flasks and microbioreactors produce higher cellulase yields and volumetric productivities than free mycelium cultures at lower biomass levels. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The results of the present study are of commercial and biological interest. All productivity parameters revealed that fungal biofilms may be used for the production of cellulase and other proteins in various types of bioreactors. Moreover, they may be used as model systems to study differential gene expression related to cell adhesion.

Aspergillus niger↗
PubMed1985

Nasal cancer in the textile and clothing industries.

A case-control study of 160 patients with cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and 290 controls showed an excess risk associated with employment in the textile or clothing industries, with the increase (relative risk [RR] = 2.1) found only among female workers. There was, however, no increasing trend in risk with years of employment or duration since first exposure. Both male and female workers were at an increased risk of adenocarcinoma (RR = 2.5), with further enhancement of risks for those experiencing dusty work conditions. Although aetiological inferences cannot be drawn from this study, the finding of raised risk supports some previous observations and the need for further investigation of the cancer experienced by textile and clothing workers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Unusual structural valve degeneration in a cloth-covered Starr-Edwards valve.

Structural valve degeneration in a mechanical ball and cage prosthesis is a well-described entity. Here we describe an unusual case of structural valve degeneration of a cloth-covered composite-seat Starr-Edwards ball and cage valve prosthesis in the mitral position, where degeneration of the cloth covering of the seat of the valve led to significant intravalvular mitral regurgitation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Performance evaluation of a cloth-media disk filter for wastewater reclamation.

A cloth-media disk filter (CMDF) was evaluated as an alternative to granular-medium filtration for use in wastewater recycling applications. The CMDF was effective for filtration of effluent from an activated-sludge treatment process. Effluent turbidity values from the CMDF were consistently less than California's wastewater recycling application limit of 2 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) for influent turbidity values of up to 25 NTU at hydraulic loading rates varying between 7 and 15 m/h (2.86 and 6.1 gpm/sq ft). The filter produced 154 m/d (3781 gpd/sq ft) at a hydraulic loading rate of 7 m/h (2.86 gpm/sq ft) with high turbidity (6 to 25 NTU) and 330 m/d (8102 gpd/sq ft) at a hydraulic loading rate of 15 m/h (6.1 gpm/sq ft) with low influent turbidity (< or = 6 NTU/m2 [6 NTU/sq ft] of filter cloth). The backwash water required by the CMDF at HLRs between 7 and 15 m/h (2.86 and 6.1 gpm/sq ft) and corresponding solids loading rates between 5 and 32 kg/(m2 x d) (0.21 and 1.35 lb/d/sq ft) varied from 2 to 10% of the total influent flow. Thus, the CMDF could consistently meet the recycling requirements of a turbidity less than 2 NTU over a broad range of influent turbidity values and hydraulic loading rates.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1996

Immunological detection of lipopolysaccharide antigens of thermophilic campylobacters captured on polymyxin-coated polyester cloth.

Cholate-extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens from thermophilic campylobacters were captured on polymyxin-coated polyester cloth. The captured antigens were detected by sequential reactions with rabbit anti-Campylobacter antibody, anti-rabbit IgG peroxidase conjugate and chromogenic peroxidase substrate. A polyclonal rabbit antibody elicited against a single Campylobacter-jejuni strain detected the reference strains of the twenty most frequently isolated thermophilic campylobacters in the Lior serotyping scheme. Moreover, LPS antigens of six C. Jejuni Penner serotypes fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and examined by immunoblotting were recognized by four antisera prepared against homologous and heterologous Penner serotypes. The results suggest the potential application of polymyxin-cloth enzyme immunoassay for rapid detection of thermophilic campylobacters where monoclonal antibodies can be raised to possible common LPS epitopes.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Application of cloth-based enzyme immunoassay for the characterization of monoclonal antibodies to Salmonella lipopolysaccharide antigens.

The specificity, detection limit, and stability of twelve anti-Salmonella monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) were evaluated by cloth-based enzyme immunoassay (CEIA) and polymyxin-cloth based enzyme immunoassay (p-CEIA). Using the p-CEIA, five Mabs were found to react with cholate extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens of all 44 Salmonella strains representing 19 different serogroups examined, with the exception of the one strain of serogroup-O tested. These five Mabs did not react with cholate extracts of any of 16 Gram-positive or Gram-negative non-Salmonella bacteria tested. The detection limit of purified S. typhimurium LPS antigen in the p-CEIA was approximately 40 ng for four of the Mabs and approximately 20 ng for the other Mab. Four of the five Mabs were stable during storage at 22 degrees C-23 degrees C for 24 h. These four Mabs are potentially useful for the immunodetection of Salmonella in foods and other samples.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1997

Instantaneous cloth-based enzyme immunoassay for the semi-quantitative visual determination of antibodies.

An antigen-coated cloth segment was placed onto a blotting pad. The cloth was blotted with one drop of an antibody sample, immediately washed with five drops of a washing solution, exposed to one drop of an anti-antibody-peroxidase conjugate, washed, and finally exposed to a peroxidase substrate. The colored peroxidase product was determined either visually or colorimetrically with the color intensity being correlated to the antibody concentration. This rapid assay would facilitate field serodiagnosis of human and animal diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

A simplified numerical simulation method of bending properties for glass fiber cloth reinforced denture base resin.

The purpose of this study was to propose a new numerical modeling of the glass fiber cloth reinforced denture base resin (GFRP). The proposed model is constructed with an isotropic shell, beam and orthotropic shell elements representing the outmost resin, interlaminar resin and glass fiber cloth, respectively. The proposed model was applied to the failure progress analysis under three-point bending conditions, the validity of the numerical model was checked through comparisons with experimental results. The failure progress behaviors involving the local failures, such as interlaminar delamination and resin failure, could be simulated using the numerical model for analyzing the failure progress of GFRP. It is concluded that the model was effective for the failure progress analysis of GFRP.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2004

Light-curing reinforcement for denture base resin using a glass fiber cloth pre-impregnated with various urethane oligomers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the flexural properties of denture base resin reinforced using glass fiber cloth and a urethane oligomer. The five types of oligomer used in this study were S5, S9, S3, U4, and U6, which have varying functional groups and viscosities. The flexural properties of S9 with glass fiber cloth could not be measured because S9 is elastic. In the heat-cured resin reinforced with S9, the reinforcement peeled away from the resin. In the self- and light-cured resins reinforced with S9, the flexural properties increased significantly. When reinforced with the other four oligomers (S5, S3, U4, and U6), the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the self-, heat-, and light-cured resins increased significantly (p<0.01).

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1976

Field evaluation of arthropod repellent netting as a ground cloth against ticks.

Tick repellent, wide-mesh net ground cloths were tested against Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus) by the CO2 bait technique. Two repellents, N,N-diethyl-metatoluamide (deet) and 3 acetyl-2-(dimethyl-5-heptenyl)-oxazoladine, and two netting fabrics were compared. All combinations tested provided over 90% protection. The effectiveness of repellent ground cloths against chiggers is discussed.

Benzamides↗
PubMed2005

Cloth-based hybridization array system for the detection of Clostridium botulinum type A, B, E, and F neurotoxin genes.

A simple cloth-based hybridization array system was developed for the characterization of Clostridium botulinum isolates based on the botulinum neurotoxin serotype. Bacterial isolates were subjected to a multiplex PCR incorporating digoxigenin-dUTP and primers targeting the four botulinum neurotoxin gene serotypes (A, B, E, and F) predominantly involved in human illness, followed by hybridization of the amplicons with an array of toxin gene-specific oligonucleotide probes immobilized on polyester cloth and subsequent immunoenzymatic assay of the bound digoxigenin label. This system provided sensitive and specific detection of the different botulinum neurotoxin gene markers in a variety of C. botulinum strains, exhibiting the expected patterns of reactivity with a panel of target and nontarget organisms.

Botulinum Toxins↗
PubMed2003

The emperor's clothes description of a new epidemic related to diagnostic imaging.

In 1835, Hans Christian Andersen published "The Emperor's New Clothes", one of the 164 fairy tales that earned him worldwide fame. A little more than 25 years ago, drawing inspiration from that tale, F. Gross reported the existence of an ailment capable of affecting multiple systems, "the Emperor's clothes syndrome". This syndrome primarily affects students and physicians for whom career success is of paramount importance. Based on actual experience, we are describing a new epidemic of this ailment, for which the radiological image is the principal vector. We wish to draw attention to the danger of basing a diagnosis solely on diagnostic testing. In an age dominated by technology, we would like to emphasize that anamnesis and clinical examination are still the cornerstones of diagnosis. Any clinical or radiological information, any laboratory phenomenon is subject to variable interpretation by different observers. We also suggest that there are statistical methods for evaluating the reliability of a clinical test.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Removal of target odorous molecules on to activated carbon cloths.

Activated carbon materials are adsorbents whose physico-chemical properties are interesting for the treatment of odorous compounds like hydrogen sulfide. Indeed, their structural parameters (pore structure) and surface chemistry (presence of heteroatoms such as oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus) play an important role in H2S removal. The cloth texture of these adsorbents (activated carbon cloths) is particularly adapted for dealing with high flows, often found in the treatment of odor emissions. Thus, this paper first presents the influence of these parameters through adsorption isothermal curves performed on several materials. Secondly, tests in a dynamic system are described. They highlight the low critical thickness of the fabric compared to granular activated carbon.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1990

Outer gloves in orthopaedic procedures. Cloth compared with latex.

A randomized prospective study was undertaken to determine the rate of punctures of the inner glove when techniques of double-gloving were employed for orthopaedic operations. Group I consisted of twenty-five procedures in which double latex gloves were used, and Group II comprised another twenty-five in which latex inner gloves and cloth outer gloves were worn. As the outer glove was expected to act as a barrier against puncture of the inner glove, only inner gloves were tested. All glove exchanges done intraoperatively for presumed tears of the inner glove were noted, as were punctures of the skin. The type and length of the procedure were also documented. Group I (double latex gloves) had a significantly higher rate of total inner-glove perforations per procedure (p less than 0.0001) than Group II (cloth and latex gloves). Furthermore, unrecognized perforations were significantly higher in Group I than in Group II (p less than 0.01). In Group I, the number of punctures increased with the duration of the operation; a puncture was found in all procedures in which the operation lasted longer than three hours (p less than 0.01). In Group II, only two tears of the inner glove occurred. Both were unrecognized and were independent of the duration of the operation.

Gloves, Surgical↗
PubMed1978

Incidence of emboli with cloth-covered Starr-Edwards valve without anticoagulation and with varying forms of anticoagulation. Analysis of 183 patients followed for 3 1/2 years.

One hundred eighty-three patients with cloth-covered valves were studied from 1 1/2 to 8 years after operation, with an average follow-up time of 3 1/2 years. Over the total period, patients taking Coumadin sustained a 4 percent embolic incidence (1.2 per 100 patient-years); those taking aspirin had a 7 percent incidence (2.6 per 100 patient-years); and those taking Persantine had a 43 percent incidence (10 per 100 patient-years). Patients on no regimen of anticoagulation had a 16 percent embolic rate (four per 100 patient-years), whereas another group of patients who stopped anticoagulants after a year incurred a 13 percent embolic incidence in the subsequent 2 years (6.4 per 100 patient-years). These data showed a significantly lowered embolic rate with anticoagulation and suggest that all patients with cloth-covered valves should be taking anticoagulants. That these valves become epithelialized and do not form thrombus after a year was not borne out by this study. Persantine alone is not a satisfactory anticoagulant. Coumadin appears to be the superior anticoagulant, but if careful monitoring of its use is in question or if serious bleeding complications ensue, aspirin may provide satisfactory protection.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1980

[Closure of abdominal wall defects without tension using a carbon cloth implant (author's transl)].

On 20 rabbits a defect in the abdominal wall was closed by a carbon cloth (SIGRATEX KDS). A tensile force test and a histological examination was performed. Eleven days and 3 months after implantation, 10 animals with an operative-produced abdominal wall hernia and 10 normal animals were controls. A tensile force test on the specimen 3 months after implantation revealed a strength twice as high as on the normal abdominal wall. Eleven days after surgery the strength was equal to the scar tissue of the hernias. Histologically, a connective tissue ingrowth into the implant was observed, which enveloped the single carbon fibers. Collagen fibers in the direction of the carbon filaments were present. Foreign body giant cells were always seen. These results indicate that a carbon cloth seems to be suitable for the repair of abdominal wall hernias.

Abdominal Muscles↗