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PubMed1983

[Gas gangrene].

In spite of surgical, intensive, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the gas gangrene is still one of the most dangerous surgical infections. In recent literature, the average mortality is about 50%. The patients die within a few days because of general intoxication. A review of our own results achieved between 1971 and 1981 shows that 50 out of 73 patients with clostridium infection and all 77 patients in whom a gas gangrene was suspected have survived [ 2 ]. For the prognosis and therapy of the gas gangrene, the classification into stages I to IV according to the severity has proved to be useful. The prognosis depends on the incubation period (the shorter the incubation period the worse the prognosis), on the beginning of the treatment and on the site of a primary or secondary gas gangrene. The more distally the gas gangrene is situated in the extremities, the better is the prognosis with regard to mortality and invalidity. An early diagnosis of the gas gangrene is of primary importance. As early as a gas gangrene is suspected because of typical local findings and clinical symptoms, therapeutic measures are immediately necessary (surgery, intensive treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy). A transport of more than six hours with prolonged interruption of the treatment will decrease the chances of success even in a "gas gangrene therapy centre".

Gas Gangrene↗
PubMed1991

The prevalence of enteric pathogens in diarrhoeic thoroughbred foals in Britain and Ireland.

A survey of 77 normal and 326 diarrhoeic foals in Britain and Ireland from 1987 to 1989 revealed a significantly higher prevalence of Group A rotaviruses and Aeromonas hydrophila in diarrhoeic foals. The prevalence of cryptosporidia, potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica and Clostridium perfringens was similar in normal or diarrhoeic foals. Rotaviruses had a similar prevalence in all age groups of scouring foals up to three months of age, with an overall prevalence of 37 per cent among diarrhoeic foals. The number of cases of diarrhoea varied considerably from year to year, but in all three years of the survey rotavirus was a significant pathogen. A comparison of diagnostic tests for rotavirus in the faeces showed electron microscopy (EM) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to have similar sensitivity. The Rotazyme ELISA test kit was found to have the same sensitivity as a combination of EM and PAGE. A. hydrophila had an overall prevalence of 9 per cent among diarrhoeic foals, although its prevalence was higher in some age groups. A. hydrophila has not been established previously as a significant enteric pathogen in foals. Other putative pathogens found at very low prevalence were coronavirus, the putative picobirnavirus, Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. No evidence was found of synergistic effects between rotavirus, cryptosporidia and potentially pathogenic E. coli. Neither coccidia nor non-Group A rotaviruses were found in any of the samples examined.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2004

Human infection caused by Clostridium hathewayi.

We describe a 27-year-old man with acute cholecystitis, hepatic abscess, and bacteremia caused by Clostridium hathewayi, a newly described gram-negative, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium. This report is the first of human infection caused by this microorganism.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A bacteriologic study of scabby-hip lesions from broiler chickens in Texas.

Broilers from commercial flocks experiencing a 10-60% incidence of scabby-hip lesions at processing were examined, and selected skin lesions were cultured. Over 70% of the lesions were associated with traumatic excoriations, particularly on the caudal dorsal convexity of the birds. Most lesions were observed on birds that were 5 weeks of age or older. From the 27 specimens cultured, Clostridium perfringens was isolated in pure culture from 4 lesions and Staphylococcus species from 10 lesions. Pure cultures of staphylococci were recovered from 4 lesions, and 2-5 different staphylococci were isolated from 6 lesions. Eight staphylococci were identified as S. sciuri, 8 as S. simulans, 2 as S. epidermidis, 2 as S. lentus, 2 as S. warneri, 1 as S. cohnii, and 1 as S. intermedius. Fifty cutaneous specimens from 10 5-week-old normal broilers were cultured. A total of 197 isolates were identified including 65 S. sciuri, 52 S. lentus, 24 S. simulans, 12 S. hyicus, 11 S. warneri, 9 S. cohnii, 9 S. gallinarium, 8 S. xylosus, and 7 S. epidermidis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Clostridium perfringens and Staphylococcus epidermidis polymicrobial septic arthritis. A case report.

Septic arthritis caused by Clostridium perfringens is extremely rare. Previously there has been only one report of Clostridium perfringens in combination with an aerobe causing septic arthritis. This report presents a 23-year-old man with a mixed aerobic/anaerobic septic arthritis treated with intravenous antibiotics and repeated surgical drainage. It is the only report to date of a polymicrobial septic arthritis involving both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Clostridium perfringens. This report and a review of the literature demonstrate the existence of polymicrobial septic arthritis and illustrate its fulminant nature.

Adult↗