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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[One-stage esophagoplasty with pathologically changed or operated stomach in patients with benign esophageal strictures].

Results of surgical treatment of 71 patients who have undergone extirpation of the esophagus with one-stage plastic surgery with pathologically changed or operated stomach are presented. All the patients suffered from benign diseases of the esophagus: burn and peptic strictures, peptic esophageal ulcers, cardiospasm of degree IV, benign tumors. Fifty-one patients had been previously operated on the stomach, 10 patients had burn deformation of the stomach, 3--benign tumors of the esophagus involving the stomach, the others--gastric and/or duodenal ulcers. In all the cases an isoperistaltic gastric tube was used for plastic repair of the esophagus. Postoperative lethality was 1.4%.

Aged↗
PubMed1953

Differential diagnosis of operable disease of the esophagus.

The time interval between ingestion and regurgitation and the stage of digestion in regurgitated food may be factors helpful in diagnosing disease of the esophagus. In most cases diagnosis can be made by x-ray alone, but where x-ray evidence is insufficient esophagoscopy is often justified.X-ray investigation for foreign bodies should include films of the neck. Cough is a common symptom of the presence of foreign bodies; obstruction may result from inflammation or edema. Perforation is most often caused by foreign bodies or by instrumentation. Esophagoscopy is hazardous in this condition and the findings are not likely to affect the course of treatment. Hiatal hernia, although probably occurring to some degree in 10 per cent of adults, seldom causes symptoms. Inflammation resulting from hernial obstruction may be mistaken for carcinoma. Esophageal carcinoma occurs most frequently in elderly persons and in men more than in women. Operation is necessary in many cases to prevent starvation. The postoperative mortality rate is as low as 11 to 24 per cent, and the proportion of five-year survivals is increasing. Achalasia or cardiospasm can generally be recognized by x-ray appearance. Bouginage is the usual treatment, but operation may be necessary. Late regurgitation of food is a common symptom of esophageal diverticulum. Atresia in a newborn infant is a dangerous condition. The effect of any of the four types of anomaly is the same: diversion of fluids from the stomach to the bronchi. Coughing, choking and cyanosis are the common symptoms in a newborn infant. Hematemesis may arise from a number of causes; esophageal hemorrhage most commonly is owing to varicosity from portal hypertension. Esophagoscopy is the quickest and safest method of determining whether hematemesis is of esophageal origin.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Surgical tactics in the treatment of duodenal ulcer disease coexistent with diseases of other organs of abdominal cavity].

Surgical treatment was performed in 102 patients suffering duodenal ulcer and chronical calculous cholecystitis, gastroesophageal leyomyoma, esophageal, duodenal, small intestinal diverticulum, cardiospasm and other diseases. In all the patients the simultant operative intervention was performed for duodenal ulcer and other diseases of the abdominal cavity organs. All the patients had survived after the operation. Good and fair results were noted in terms of 6 mo -20 yrs follow-up in 79 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of esophageal spasm].

Esophageal spasm Teschendorf 's syndrome) is rarely distinguished among neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus, which leads to improper treatment. Primary esophageal spasm and secondary esophageal spasm should be distinguished, the latter developing in cardiospasm or achylia of the cardia. Retrosternal pain and dysphagia prevail in the clinical picture of ++esophageal spasm . X-ray and esophagomanometry are the most informative among the objective methods of examination. In a group of 106 patients 49 had primary and 57 had secondary esophageal spasm . A complex of measures should be applied in the management of esophageal spasm+. Primary esophageal spasm is treated only by nonoperative measures (spasmolytics, tranquilizers, vitamins, acupuncture reflex therapy and psychotherapy according to a suggested scheme), a course of pneumocardiodilatation (no more than 5 sessions) is included in the management of secondary esophageal spasm+. Such treatment produced good and satisfactory results in 100% of patients with primary and in 72% of patients with secondary esophagitis. The management of secondary esophagitis is a more difficult problem which calls for further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Psyche and gastrointestinal diseases: hypotheses and facts].

The notion that the development of certain gastrointestinal disorders and diseases can, at least in part, be ascribed to specific psychological characteristics of the patient, to an antecedent psychologically important event or to an unconscious conflict, is very popular both in the public and the medical profession. One of its earliest formulations was the conversion theory forwarded by Sigmund Freud, who assumed that the accumulation of a traumatic and unabreacted quota of affect induced defense or repression and caused a somatic conversion of emotion, i.e., a transformation into bodily symptoms. Subsequently, disorders such as globus sensation, diffuse oesophageal spasms and achalasia, the latter misconceived as "cardiospasm", were viewed as conversion symptoms. However, it has become clear that these disorders are the consequence of organic lesions and not of conversion. Similarly, concepts of an aetiological role of a specific psychological factor, a specific conflict, of certain affective states or live events and of "inappropriate perpetuations of organ reactions adaptive to, or protective against, some stress in human life" could not be verified. Although psychological characteristics and states have been shown to affect normal gastrointestinal function, there is no evidence to suggest that such influences can lead to gastrointestinal disorders or diseases. The fact that the validity of the concepts claiming such aetiological relationships remained to be tested has been repressed to such an extent in some quarters that these concepts still are advocated so as if they had been proven since long.

Conflict, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

[Esophageal extirpation with one-stage esophagoplasty].

In the period from 1980 to June, 1989 the authors conducted operations on 128 patients for extirpation of the esophagus with one-stage esophagoplasty by means of an isoperistaltic tube formed from the greater curvature of the stomach. Fifty-four of these patients had benign esophageal strictures, 74 had malignant lesions of the esophagus. The authors claim this operation to be the operation of choice in carcinoma of the lower third of the esophagus and in carcinoma of the cardia extending to the thoracic esophagus. It may be carried out in carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus at any level, in benign strictures of the thoracic esophagus, and in stage IV cardiospasm in patients in whom operations had been performed earlier on the cardia. The abdominocervical approach can be supplemented by right thoracotomy in carcinoma of the midthoracic part of the esophagus. Four patients (3%) died after the operation. The authors recommend wider use of the operation.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Subtotal esophagectomy with simultaneous retromediastinal plastic surgery using gastric pedicled flap without thoracotomy].

Thirty-three operations for subtotal esophagectomy with one-stage plastics with a gastric pedicle without thoracotomy were carried out between 1985 and 1988. The indications for the operation were as follows: carcinoma of the esophagus (17) and of cardioesophageal localization (7), cicatricial stricture of the esophagus (6), IV degree cardiospasm (2), unspecific esophageal ulcer (1). The esophagus was resected through a laparotomo-transdiaphragmatic-cervical access, the graft formed from the greater curvature of the stomach was passed in the posterior mediastinum with the establishment of a cervical esophagogastroanastomosis. Postoperative complications occurred in 29 patients: incompetence of the anastomosis (26), mediastinitis and pyothorax, (4), peritonitis (2), pneumonia (4). Six patients died. With the performance of intrapleural esophagogastroplasty the mortality rate fell from 25 to 18.2%. The authors claim that subtotal esophagectomy with posteromediastinal gastroplasty without thoracotomy is a less traumatic and safer operative intervention.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The recurrence of dysphagia in patients with neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus with normal or low pressure indices in the physiological cardia].

The authors examined 47 patients with recurrent cardiospasm or achalasia of the cardia after dilatation or operations in normal or low esophago-gastric pressure gradient. The findings of clinical, radiological, endoscopic, and esophagomanometric examination of patients are shown. The article discusses the results of drug treatment, pneumatic dilatations, operative interventions in this group of patients. The probable causes of the development of dysphagia in normal values of pressure in the physiological cardia are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Severe tracheal compression caused by achalasia].

A very rare complication of achalasia (cardiospasm) is presented. In the authors' case the esophagus of a 15-year old girl was dilated to a great extent and caused through the compression of the trachea upper respiratory obstruction. Following the surgical solution of the achalasia the respiratory complications ceased too. Attention is drawn to the possibility that esophagus diseases may play a significant role in the etiology of different pulmonary diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Endoscopic balloon hydro-dilatation of cicatricial strictures of the esophagus and esophageal anastomoses].

Endoscopic balloon hydro-dilatation produced good results in 36 patients with cicatricial strictures of the esophagus and esophageal anastomoses and in 6 patients with 3rd-4th stage of cardiospasm. The authors claim that an endoscopic intervention may be used as an effective method of nonoperative treatment of cicatricial strictures of the esophagus and esophageal anastomoses which causes little injury as well as a method of preoperative restoration of normal oral feeding for rapid preparation of patients for surgical operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Proximal selective vagotomy in the treatment of uncomplicated forms of duodenal ulcer].

Experience is recorded with 893 operations of duodenal ulcer for a period of 15 years. Of these, 872 patients (97.6 per cent) were operated as nonemergency planned cases, 48 of them subjected during a period of 7 years to proximal selective vagotomy in 3 variants. During the postoperative period one patient died of fatty pulmonary embolism. During the early postoperative period in 4 patients developed bronchopneumonia (8.3 per cent), in 3 transient cardiospasm (6.2 per cent) successfully controlled without surgical intervention. According to Visick's classification, excellent and very good postoperative results were recorded in 41 patients (87.2 per cent). Recurrent ulcer was demonstrated in 3 patients (6.4 per cent); only one of them required operative treatment--antrumectomy with revagotomy. It is pointed out that postoperative pH-metry of the stomach is not a pathognomonic sign, but may be criterion for a potentially possible recurrence. Continuous control is needed, since the majority of recurrent ulcers are not manifested by characteristic clinical symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Benign pedunculated tumor of the esophagus.

Benign pedunculated tumors of the esophagus are rare, even large tumors often remain asymptomatic. Recent experiences with two patients are described, who only complained of recurrent appearance of the tumor in their mouth. In barium studies the esophageal dilatation can incorrectly suggest achalasia or cardiospasm, whereas the tumor itself is overlooked. Even at endoscopy the tumor can be missed, as it is covered with normal epithelium. Histology of a biopsy often shows no abnormalities. Once the diagnosis is made, resection is strictly indicated, especially to prevent acute laryngeal obstruction. In one patient surgical removal was performed via cervical esophagotomy, in the second by endoscopy.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Diseases of the upper digestive system in pregnant women].

The authors' and literature results concerning the peculiarities of a clinical course, diagnosis and therapy of the upper digestive tract in women during pregnancy were summed up. Exacerbation or first symptoms of diseases like cardiospasm, reflux esophagitis can often occur during pregnancy. Peptic ulcer in most pregnant women has a favorable course, exacerbations are rare. A conclusion has been made that measures aimed at the prevention of exacerbations and complications of these diseases, are recommended to women with chronic diseases of the digestive tract during pregnancy.

Digestive System Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnosis and treatment of esophageal diverticula].

Based upon an analysis of clinical findings, literature data and personal experiences the authors consider that the main method of treatment of esophageal diverticula of greater size or complicated by bleedings, malignization, esophagitis and diverticulitis is diverticulectomy with the autotissue plasty. Of considerable significance in diagnostics are symptoms resulting from a mechanical action of the diverticula on the adjacent organs and tissues. Cardiodilatation should be performed to arrest cardiospasm in patients with epiphrenic diverticula during the preoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Differential diagnosis of esophageal cancer by using mathematical decision rules].

It is suggested to use the medico-mathematical "decisive rules" for the differential diagnosis of esophageal cancer in non-specialized medical institutions. As the first step the examination cards were written, based on the data of 1195 patients with verified diagnosis. The "decisive rules" were worked out basing on the examination cards of 597 patients (in 267--esophageal cancer and in 330--benign lesions: cardiospasm, benign tumors, cysts, burn and scarring strictures, esophagitis, diverticulum). The suggested "decisive rules" using 63 and 87 clinical signs were tested elsewhere for a retrospective diagnosis in 167 patients. Using the "decisive rules" with 63 clinical signs esophageal cancer was recognized in 96% of cases, non-cancer--in 92%, while using 87 signs--in 92 and 94% accordingly. The rule comprising 63 signs-questions is recommended for practical purposes.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1983

[Epiphrenic diverticula of the esophagus. Apropos of 16 surgically-treated cases].

The authors report on a series of 14 cases (10 men and 4 women) of epiphrenic diverticula treated surgically over a period of 14 years. Size was variable and the neck was narrow in 7 cases, wide in 5, and very wide in 2. Four patients presented with a double diverticulum. The diverticula are normally found on the right side (9 cases), and underlying dyskinesia is always present, often accompanied by major or minor cardiospasm (11 cases) or reflux from sliding hiatal hernia (3 cases). No manometric exploration was carried out in this series. Management was based on physiopathological considerations - 6 diverticulectomies with 5 myotomies, 6 myotomies with no diverticulectomy. The approach was left thoracic in 7 cases and abdominal in the others. The mortality rate was zero, and functional results are good. They are all the better in that the diverticulectomy, the myotomy and the repair of the gastroesophageal reflux have now been performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The patient who aspirates -- diagnosis and management.

There is renewed interest, particularly by head and neck surgeons in the pathophysiology of swallowing. Some of the reasons for this are an increased number of patients in the following categories who have swallowing problems: 1) patients postoperative from procedures in the head and neck, e.g., partial laryngectomy, partial or complete excisions of the tongue, pharynx, or mandible; 2) patients with peptic ulcer, hiatal hernia, esophageal diverticula, and cardiospasm; 3) patients who survive severe central nervous system problems such as stroke, brain tumors, aneurysms, or degenerative disease; and 4) patients who survive serious accidents with severe neck trauma. This paper reviews the pathophysiology of swallowing and the methods of diagnosing and treating dysphagia and its complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Reappearance of esophageal peristalsis after treatment of achalasia. Reality or artifact?].

The authors discuss the question of the reappearance of esophageal peristalsis following surgical or dilating treatment in patients with a diagnosis of cardiospasm. On the basis of their experience and an extensive review of the literature, the authors affirm that the reappearance of motor activity should not be attributed to a condition of pure achalasia but rather to an intermediate motor disorder with pseudo-achalasic characteristics which are difficult to discriminate.

Esophageal Achalasia↗