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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Seasonal variation of skin pigmentation.

We measured skin pigmentation by skin reflectance monthly from May 1992 to April 1993 in 36 healthy Caucasians. Pigmentation was measured at four UV-exposed sites at the forehead, the upper chest, the inside of the upper arm, and at the upper back. The pigmentation and UV sensitivity were simultaneously measured at UV-protected buttock skin. The results showed a considerable seasonal variation for skin pigmentation at the UV-exposed sites. Buttock skin had a pigmentation and UV sensitivity that varied only marginally. We recommend that measurements of genetically controlled skin pigmentation and constitutive UV sensitivity should be performed at UV-unexposed skin on the buttocks, except in persons that expose this site to artificial or natural sunlight.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Critical ischemia times and survival patterns of experimental pig flaps.

Previous work on critical ischemia time suggested (1) a greater susceptibility of myocutaneous flaps over skin flaps to the ischemia reperfusion injury and (2) that duration of ischemia may affect the survival area of a flap. Using a pig model, 55 animals were operated on and the critical ischemia times and survival patterns of the buttock skin (n = 85) and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous (n = 88) island flaps were determined after being submitted to 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 hours of normothermic ischemia. The average critical ischemia times (CIT50) were determined to be 9 and 10 hours for the buttock skin and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps, respectively. Percentage of total area surviving (%TAS) in those flaps which did survive was adversely affected by increases in the ischemic interval in both flap models. A statistically significant decrease in percentage of total area surviving was found after 6 and 8 hours of ischemia for the buttock skin and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Injuries caused by automobile dragging: a report of three cases].

Three cases of victims who were dragged a long distance by automobiles are reported. Injuries caused by such dragging are discussed. [Case 1] A 50-year-old man was found dead under an automobile after having been dragged for a distance of 530 m. Deep abrasions were found in the right temporal region, both scapular regions, the buttocks, and the heels. There were excoriations toward upper side in the right hypochondriac region along the rib arch, and multiple rib fractures with and without severe hemorrhaging. Alcohol levels were 3.54 mg/ml in the femoral venous blood, and 4.54 mg/ml in the urine. It seemed that the victim was drunk and had been lying on his back and that the automobile's underbody had caught him in his right hypochondriac region and had compressed the thoraco-abdominal regions. [Case 2] A 50-year-old drunken man, who had been lying on his back on the side of a road, was dragged by a car for a distance of 2 km. The victim showed marked and deep abrasions of the back, the buttocks, the lateral surface of both ankles, and on the ulnar surface of the left forearm. In the left forearm, the ulna and soft tissues had been rubbed flat and were blackened. The alcohol levels in the femoral venous blood and in the urine were 3.31 and 4.19 mg/ml, respectively. [Case 3] An 83-year-old woman was found dead on the side of a road. In the right temporal region, the skull had been rubbed flat and the right cerebral hemisphere was exposed and flattened. Severe abrasions were observed on both shoulders, the buttocks, and on the back surfaces of the lower extremities. Her sandals and a broken cane were found on the road 2 km from the scene. The offender has not yet been arrested. Injuries caused by the road surface in traffic accidents usually take the form of excoriations or abrasions, and the three victims of this report showed severe and characteristic injuries. Excoriations or abrasions develop into abrasive injuries, defects of the skin or soft tissue, and to the exposure of the internal organs from continuous, prolonged dragging. Some of these accumulated injuries might have been caused by frictional heat.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1987

Classification of diaper dermatitis: an overview.

Several types of diaper dermatitis are discussed: generic diaper dermatitis is most common and involves a simple erythema and mild scaling of the gluteal crease, buttocks, thighs, and lower abdomen. Candidal diaper dermatitis involves clinically significant infection with Candida albicans and presents as a sharply marginated area of erythema with significant involvement of the anterior thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and genitalia. Noduloulcerative diaper dermatitis may develop in a small percentage of patients who have chronic diaper dermatitis, as large, raised erosions with rolled margins. The lesions are most noticeable on the prominent body parts-genitalia, abdomen, thighs, and buttocks. Infantile seborrheic dermatitis involves a distinctive pattern of inflammation that usually begins beneath the diaper as a sharply marginated area of erythema with satellite lesions. Within 1-2 weeks, lesions develop on the scalp, cheeks, arms, legs, and intertriginous parts of the body. Impetigo is common in the diaper area, particularly in the first 6 months of life and during the warmer summer season. The lesions are usually bullous and represent infection by Staphylococcus aureus. Folliculitis appears as small, perifollicular erythematous papules and pustules, usually on the buttocks, thigh and lower abdomen. It is common in the warm summer months and is usually caused by bacteria such as S. aureus. Intertrigo categorizes disease that does not fit into the above categories. Often the patient presents with simple erythema of the folds without pustules or induration. This probably represents irritation and low-grade infection. It is important for the clinician to be aware that many other diseases can have manifestations in the diaper area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Candidiasis, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1985

Partial cauda equina compromise: result of sacral stenosis.

Although partial or complete cauda equina compromise due to lumbar stenosis is a recognized entity, cauda equina compromise due to sacral stenosis is extremely uncommon. We present a patient with a three-week history of right thigh and buttock pain who developed right scrotal and buttock numbness, urinary retention, and difficulty with bowel evacuation. The patient had diminished sensation to right buttock and anus pinprick with decreased anal sphincter tone and absent bulbocavernosus reflex. Lumbosacral spine films revealed only minimal degenerative changes, while lumbar myelogram showed L4-L5 and L5-S1 ventral extradural defects. Only a drop of pantopaque descended caudally below the level of the L5-S1 interspace. Operatively, significant stenosis and thickening of the posterior sacrum with compromise of the lower sacral nerve roots was noted. Bilateral sacral laminectomy was performed and the symptoms resolved postoperatively. This case illustrates an unusual clinical entity: partial cauda equina compromise due to sacral stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Sequential external counterpulsation (SECP) in China.

A new SECP was developed and is currently successfully used in more than 120 clinics in China. This sequenced counterpulsation device has the effect of milking more blood as pressure is applied on the extremities in succession (first distally then proximally) and in decreasing values (265 to 200 mm Hg). In comparison of the 4 types of counterpulsation, namely nonsequenced leg and 4 limb counterpulsation, and sequenced 4 limb and 4 limb with buttock balloons, the SECP with buttock balloons method raised the DA to appreciably higher levels with respect to DA amplitude and area. DA was raised 43.9% higher than that obtained with 4 limb SECP alone. From our experimental and clinical results, we conclude that SECP with buttock balloons is a far more effective method providing greater diastolic augmentation than previously reported in the literature. Two hundred angina and 52 AMI patients who had undergone the SECP treatment constitute the basis of this report. The present work represents an analysis of 6 yrs experience with studies on the design, development and clinical evaluation of the SECP method. Ninety-seven percent of the angina patients obtained long-term symptomatic relief. Relapse was minimal. In 95.7% of the AMI patients chest pain or shock symptoms were rapidly relieved. SECP with high DA appears to be very effective in improving myocardial blood supply and ventricular function. Moreover, the simplicity and advantages of this noninvasive sequenced counterpulsation method have been reported (1063 cases) from 31 clinics in China. This method is convenient, safe, and far more effective than conventional drug therapy for patients with acute and chronic ischemic myocardial disease.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison among the surgical approaches to tuberculosis of sacroiliac joint].

Forty-three cases (44 joints) with tuberculosis of sacroiliac joints were treated surgically through 3 approaches: (1) Anterior approach was indicated for the cases with abscess in iliac fossa or with fistula in buttock, in 21 cases (22 joints). (2) Posterior approach was used for the cases with or without abscess and/or fistula of buttock, in 20 cases. (3) Antero-posterior combined approach was adopted for the cases with large abscess and/or fistula both at iliac fossa and buttock, in 2 cases (2 joints). Follow-up, ranging between 6 months and 16 years, presented no recurrent case of tuberculosis. In the cases with bony fusion, the symptoms disappeared altogether postoperatively, while the local pain still remained in the cases without bone grafting. The authors' opinions are as following: In the treatment of tuberculosis of sacroiliac joint, surgical approach should be chosen according to the location and size of abscess and the direction of fistula. Bony fusion is significant for elimination of symptoms.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Potential for bed sores due to high pressures: influence of body sites, body position, and mattress design.

Pressures were measured on 10 subjects, supine and sitting, under six anatomical sites prone to bed sores on three different mattresses. Studied were the Clinifloat and Therarest specialist replacement mattresses, and a standard hospital mattress. Mean supine pressures were less than 5 kPa under four sites. Average supine buttock pressure was 2.93 kPa. Occiput and heel pressures were much higher than under other sites, being on average 2.6 and 4.5 times greater respectively than the mean buttock pressure. On sitting up, buttock pressure increased by a factor of 1.7 on average, to a level higher than the accepted capillary closing pressure. Measurements were consistent with mattress design, specific features of which can significantly affect pressure under certain sites.

Beds↗
PubMed1998

Morphologic diversity in malignant melanoma: the potential use of microdissection and the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis.

Malignant melanoma (MM) can mimic soft tissue (ST) and epithelial neoplasms. An immunoperoxidase (IP) panel and a morphologic comparison of the primary are used in diagnosis, which can be difficult when the morphologic and IP profiles of a metastatic lesion simulate those of an ST neoplasm. Through the comparison of known genetic abnormalities in primary and metastatic neoplasms, a definitive diagnosis can be suggested on the basis of the finding of identical allelic losses through the use of microdissection (MD) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Genetic alterations involving the p16 gene on chromosome 9p21 have been observed in MM. We present the case of a 56-year-old man with known MM in whom multiple metastatic lesions to the skin and an adrenal gland developed during a 5-year period. A fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of a new ST buttock lesion was performed; the specimen had cytologic features different from those of the primary neoplasm and simulated a possible primary ST neoplasm. We attempted to make a definitive diagnosis of MM in the FNA of the ST buttock lesion through a genetic comparison with the primary neoplasm as well as with the other metastatic sites. Direct-visualization MD was performed on histologic glass slides of the primary and adjacent tissue (normal control), and the metastatic lesions, along with malignant cell clusters from the buttock lesion FNA. DNA was extracted and PCR amplified with primers D9S171 and IFNA for the p16 locus at the 9p21-22 region. Loss of heterozygosity for the D9S171 marker at the p16 gene locus was identified in all of the neoplastic tissue tested. Normal skin elements did not show deletion. The combination of MD and PCR are powerful tools that can be used for the comparison of genetic abnormalities in primary and metastatic neoplasms with unusual morphologic features to help support a diagnosis with a noncontributory IP.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

[Experimental and clinical study on the blood supply of the subdermal vascular network island flap].

A comparison study on the blood supply of the buttock subdermal vascular network island skin flap and the conventional buttock island flap was undertaken in pigs. The former was created by thinning the distal half of the conventional buttock island flap, preserving the subdermal vascular network. Evaluation was made by measurement of skin temperature, laser Doppler, fluorescence stain, ink perfusion, microangiography and transparent specimen technique. It was found that the blood supply of the subdermal vascular network island skin flap was much lower than that of the conventional island flap. The reason was thought to be the change in the blood supply after the conventional island flap was thinned. The subdermal vascular network island skin flap was composed of the axial pattern and the random pattern. Fifteen subdermal vascular network island skin flaps have been successfully transferred with vessel anastomosis in 15 patients. The average area of the thinned distal part was 49% of the flap, with the maximum of 60%.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Sciatic nerve compression during anticoagulation therapy. Computerized tomography aids in diagnosis.

Severe hip pain developed in a patient who was receiving anticoagulation therapy of heparin sodium and warfarin sodium (Coumadin) for femoral vein phlebitis. The patient had exquisite tenderness but no ecchymoses along the sciatic nerve. A drop in the hemoglobin level showed a large volume loss of blood. Retroperitoneal hematoma with lumbar plexopathy was suspected, but a computerized tomographic scan revealed instead hemorrhage into the gluteal muscles. The anticoagulation therapy was corrected with the addition of protamine sulfate and vitamin K; the patient's pain lessened and the hemoglobin level stabilized. Computerized tomography allowed clear visualization of the hematomas in the buttock, and invasive studies were avoided. Hip pain and a falling hemoglobin level in a patient receiving anticoagulation therapy should alert one to the possibility of bleeding into the retroperitoneal space, thigh, or buttock.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2000

Magnetic resonance imaging detection of occult skin and subcutaneous abnormalities in juvenile dermatomyositis. Implications for diagnosis and therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia in evaluating disease activity in juvenile dermatomyositis (DM). METHODS: Short tau inversion recovery (STIR) MRI of the proximal thighs and buttocks, cutaneous assessment, and other measures of disease activity were prospectively obtained in 26 children meeting criteria for probable or definite juvenile DM. Also undergoing STIR MRI assessment were 8 subjects who were being evaluated for muscle disorders and who were not diagnosed as having juvenile DM. RESULTS: Skin, subcutaneous, or fascial edema of the thighs and buttocks were seen on STIR MRI in up to 85% of juvenile DM patients at baseline evaluation compared with no more than 38% of the comparison group without juvenile DM. In juvenile DM, STIR MRI skin and subcutaneous edema scores correlated (r(s) = 0.51, P = 0.008), as did fascial and muscle edema scores (r(s) = 0.58, P = 0.002). Skin global disease activity scores correlated with MRI skin edema scores (r(s) = 0.41, P = 0.04), and serum aldolase levels correlated with both MRI skin and subcutaneous edema scores (r = 0.44 and 0.40, P = 0.03 and 0.05 respectively). The extent and severity of STIR MRI changes in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia were not predicted by most other measures of juvenile DM disease activity. Five juvenile DM patients with thigh MRI subcutaneous edema developed clinically apparent calcinosis at the same location within 9 months. CONCLUSION: Edema or inflammation in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia, found on STIR MRI, is common in juvenile DM patients and is often undetected by standard assessments. These MRI changes can precede the development of calcinosis. STIR MRI may be a useful adjunct for assessing disease activity and guiding the treatment of juvenile DM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Role of computed tomography in selecting patients for hindquarter amputation.

Nine patients with soft tissue sarcomas close to the pelvic girdle and one patient with a primary malignant bone tumour of the pelvis were referred for consideration of hindquarter amputation. Patients were considered unsuitable for hindquarter amputation on clinical grounds if malignant disease infiltrated into the perineum or across the sacro-iliac joint. If disease in the femoral triangle extended above the inguinal ligament the tumour's operability was seriously questioned. Buttock tumours which had passed through the greater sciatic notch to become palpable on pelvic examination were also considered likely to be inoperable. On computed tomographic (CT) examination, tumours were considered inoperable if the psoas muscle was involved above the inguinal ligament, or if malignant disease involved the sacro-iliac joint, sacrum or perineal structures. Soft tissue tumours of the buttock extending significantly through the greater sciatic notch were also considered likely to be inoperable. Five patients thought suitable for hindquarter amputation on clinical assessment had no excluding features on CT; four undergoing hindquarter amputation were proven on histological examination to have good clearance of their tumours. In another patient, considered suitable for hindquarter amputation on clinical grounds, CT suggested that en bloc wide excision of the tumour was feasible enabling the affected limb to be preserved. Four patients after clinical examination were considered unsuitable for hindquarter amputation and in all cases inoperability was confirmed by CT. CT complements clinical examination and provides an objective and reliable means of selecting patients for hindquarter amputation which should avoid unnecessary surgical exploration.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superior gluteal nerve entrapment syndrome.

Entrapment of the superior gluteal nerve can occur as a result of compression by anterior-superior tendinous fibers of the piriformis muscle and cause aching claudication-type buttock pain, weakness of abduction of the affected hip with a waddling gait, and tenderness to palpation in the area of the buttock superolateral to the greater sciatic notch. Instilling anesthetic into the point of entrapment may relieve the pain completely, but superior gluteal neurolysis may be required to effect a permanent cure.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The saddle lift for tight thighs.

Efforts to tighten the lateral thigh skin and subcutaneous tissue after liposuction may result in conspicuous scars on the hips, groin crease, or medial thighs. We have developed a technique that enables the excision of skin and subcutaneous tissue, measuring about 20 x 10 cm2, from the inner thigh and central buttocks crease where the scar can be completely hidden. We present a patient who, after appropriate liposuction, had a nearly perfect silhouette but who continually complained about the looseness of the skin on her lateral and posterior hips. The patient suggested that we remove the skin and subcutaneous tissue from the middle portion. We did so and the results were surprisingly good. We recommend this procedure for those patients in whom no external scar is acceptable and who require tightening of the skin of the upper thighs and buttocks.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Malignant blue nevus with metastasis to lymph nodes and brain].

We report a patient who developed malignant transformation of a cellular blue nevus. At the age of 19 years the congenital, pigmented tumor on the left buttock was histopathologically diagnosed as cellular blue nevus. Thirty years later the tumor dramatically increased in size, involving the entire left buttock within several months. Multiple biopsies revealed the presence of a cellular blue nevus within the papillary dermis and an invasive, pleomorphic pigmented sarcoma in the depth of the tissue spreading into subcutis and skeletal muscle. Both benign and malignant cells were S100+, vimentin+ and HMB-45+, but only the malignant tumor cells stained positive for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen. General examination disclosed multiple metastases in the paraaortal lymph nodes and the retroperitoneum as well as a single brain metastasis. Despite palliative therapy with ionizing radiation and chemotherapy, the patient developed generalized metastases and died within weeks. This case clearly confirms that cellular blue nevi have the potential for malignant transformation and that the malignant variant may behave aggressively just as a malignant melanoma.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treating the banana fold with the dermotuberal anchorage technique: case report.

The banana fold, or the infragluteal fold, is a fat deposit on the posterior thigh close to the gluteal crease and parallel to it. A banana fold may form for different reasons, among which an iatrogenic cause is recurrent. Although banana fold is a common problem, unrelished by most women, few procedures are targeted specifically to fight it. This report presents a severe case of iatrogenic banana fold corrected by a modification of the dermotuberal anchorage buttock-lifting technique, as reported by the author for gluteal ptosis. The operation is performed by tucking in part of the banana fold tissue caudal to the gluteal crease, sliding that tissue, after depithelization, under the buttock, and pulling it up toward the ischial tuberosity until the redundant skin on the posterior thigh is tight and the banana fold is reduced. Assessment of the results 1 year after surgery showed that the technique provided a good scar kept within the subgluteal crease, and that it satisfactorily corrected the patient's major complaint: the banana-shaped fold.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical anatomy of the gluteal region's subcutaneous screen and its use in plastic surgery.

The surgical anatomy of the subcutaneous screen on the gluteal region has aroused the interest of plastic surgeons because of the increasing search for surgical procedures that determine an improvement of its form. The dissection of 60 fixed surgical pieces showed the presence of a Buttocks' Sustaining Aparell formed by a trabecular conjunctival mesh termed main and secondary in a "beehive" aspect which may possibly be important in the maintenance of the buttock's characteristic contour. The planned implication of the Sustaining Aparell may determine, through an observation of its structure, a flattening or a ptosis of the gluteal region, allowing a better understanding of the aesthetic of this region.

Adult↗