Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Bacillaceae”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

A halophilic serine proteinase from Halobacillus sp. SR5-3 isolated from fish sauce: purification and characterization.

A halophilic bacterium was isolated from fish sauce, classified, and named Halobacillus sp. SR5-3. A purified 43-kDa proteinase produced by this bacterium showed optimal activity at 50 degrees C and pH 9-10 in 20% NaCl. The activity of the enzyme was enhanced about 2.5-fold by the addition of 20-35% NaCl, and the enzyme was highly stabilized by NaCl. It was found to be a serine proteinase related to either chymotrypsin or subtilisin. It absolutely preferred Ile at the P(2) position of substrates. Thus, the enzyme was found to be a halophilic serine proteinase with unique substrate specificity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Overexpression of squalene-hopene cyclase by the pET vector in Escherichia coli and first identification of tryptophan and aspartic acid residues inside the QW motif as active sites.

An overexpression system for squalene-hopene cyclase (SHC) was constructed by using the pET3a vector, which is responsible for high expression with help from the strong T7 promoter when incorporated into E. coli BL21(DE3). Site-directed mutagenesis experiments prove that two amino acid residues of tryptophan and aspartic acid inside the QW-motif 5 resided as active sites.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Isolation and characterization of Desulfitobacterium sp. strain Y51 capable of efficient dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene and polychloroethanes.

A strict anaerobic bacterium, strain Y51, was isolated from soil contaminated with tetrachloroethene (PCE). Strain Y51 is capable of very efficiently dehalogenating PCE via trichloroethene (TCE) to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE) at concentrations as high as 960 microM and as low as 0.6 microM. Strain Y51 was gram-negative, motile with some lateral flagella, and curved rod-shaped. On the basis of the 16S rDNA sequence, the organism was identified to be a species within the genus Desulfitobacterium. Strain Y51 also had dehalogenation activities toward polychloroethanes such as hexa-, penta-, and tetrachloroethanes, from which dichloroethenes were produced as the final products. The cell extracts mediated the dehalogenation of PCE with reduced methyl viologen as an electron carrier at the specific rate of 5.0 nmol min(-1) mg cell protein(-1) (pH 7.2, 37 degrees C). Dehalogenation was highly susceptible to air oxidation, and to potential alternative electron acceptors such as nitrite or sulfite.

Bacillaceae↗
PubMed2004

Cloning and overexpression of the Exiguobacterium sp. F42 gene encoding a new short chain dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the stereoselective reduction of ethyl 3-oxo-3-(2-thienyl)propanoate to ethyl (S)-3-hydroxy-3-(2-thienyl)propanoate.

Exiguobacterium sp. F42 was screened as a producer of an enzyme catalyzing the NADPH-dependent stereoselective reduction of ethyl 3-oxo-3-(2-thienyl)propanoate (KEES) to ethyl (S)-3-hydroxy-3-(2-thienyl)propanoate ((S)-HEES). (S)-HEES is a key intermediate for the synthesis of (S)-duloxetine, a potent inhibitor of the serotonin and norepinephrine uptake carriers. The responsible enzyme (KEES reductase) was partially purified, and the gene encoding KEES reductase was cloned and sequenced via an inverse PCR approach. Sequence analysis of the gene for KEES reductase revealed that the enzyme was a member of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. The probable NADPH-interacting site and 3 catalytic residues (Ser-Tyr-Lys) were fully conserved. The gene was highly expressed in Escherichia coli, and the gene product was purified to homogeneity from the recombinant E. coli by simpler procedures than from the original host. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was 27,500 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and 55,000 as determined by gel filtration chromatography. Our results show that this enzyme can be used for the practical production of (S)-HEES.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

High level expression of thermostable lipase from Geobacillus sp. strain T1.

A thermostable extracellular lipase of Geobacillus sp. strain T1 was cloned in a prokaryotic system. Sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1,251 bp in length which codes for a polypeptide of 416 amino acid residues. The polypeptide was composed of a signal peptide (28 amino acids) and a mature protein of 388 amino acids. Instead of Gly, Ala was substituted as the first residue of the conserved pentapeptide Gly-X-Ser-X-Gly. Successful gene expression was obtained with pBAD, pRSET, pET, and pGEX as under the control of araBAD, T7, T7 lac, and tac promoters, respectively. Among them, pGEX had a specific activity of 30.19 Umg(-1) which corresponds to 2927.15 Ug(-1) of wet cells after optimization. The recombinant lipase had an optimum temperature and pH of 65 degrees C and pH 9, respectively. It was stable up to 65 degrees C at pH 7 and active over a wide pH range (pH 6-11). This study presents a rapid cloning and overexpression, aimed at improving the enzyme yield for successful industrial application.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Purification and characterization of serine proteinase from a halophilic bacterium, Filobacillus sp. RF2-5.

In order to find a unique proteinase, proteinase-producing bacteria were screened from fish sauce in Thailand. An isolated moderately halophilic bacterium was classified and named Filobacillus sp. RF2-5. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 49 kDa. The enzyme showed the highest activity at 60 degrees C and pH 10-11 under 10% NaCl, and was highly stable in the presence of about 25% NaCl. The activity was strongly inhibited by phenylmethane sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), chymostatin, and alpha-microbial alkaline proteinase inhibitor (MAPI). Proteinase activity was activated about 2-fold and 2.5-fold by the addition of 5% and 15-25% NaCl respectively using Suc-Ala-Ala-Phe-pNA as a substrate. The N-terminal 15 amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme showed about 67% identity to that of serine proteinase from Bacillus subtilis 168 and Bacillus subtilis (natto). The proteinase was found to prefer Phe, Met, and Thr at the P1 position, and Ile at the P2 position of peptide substrates, respectively. This is the first serine proteinase with a moderately thermophilic, NaCl-stable, and NaCl-activatable, and that has a unique substrate specificity at the P2 position of substrates from moderately halophilic bacteria, Filobacillus sp.

Bacillaceae↗
PubMed1991

Growth of Tyzzer's organisms in preneoplastic hepatocytes of rats.

Tyzzer's disease in rats carrying preneoplastic or neoplastic lesions in the liver was studied histopathologically and immunohistochemically. The formation of necrotic foci and the growth of organisms were detected within both glutathione S-transferase placental type (GST-P) positive preneoplastic or neoplastic hepatocyte areas and GST-P negative areas. However, plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) values and number of necrotic foci of infected animals having preneoplastic lesions in the liver were smaller than those of infected animals receiving no carcinogenic procedure. These results suggest that the environment consisted of preneoplastic hepatocytes was unsuitable for the growth of organisms as compared with that of intact hepatocytes though the organism could grow within the preneoplastic hepatocytes.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1993

Tyzzer's disease complicated with distemper in a puppy.

A Pomeranian puppy which died from diarrhea and nasal discharge showed catarrhal pneumonia, acute enteritis and focal liver necrosis. Slender bacilli were detected within ileal enterocytes and hepatocytes. A double infection with a distemper virus and Tyzzer's organism at a cellular level was seen within the ileal enterocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effects of hepatic enzyme inducers and mitogens on experimental Tyzzer's disease in rats.

We studied the effects of chemicals which induce liver enlargement and can induce hepatic protein synthesis on experimental Tyzzer's disease in rats. Plasma transaminase values were evaluated as an indicator of the severity of the disease. Chemicals used were phenobarbital sodium and 3-methylcholanthrene as hepatic enzyme inducers, and lead nitrate and ethylene dibromide as mitogens of hepatocytes. In rats non infected with Tyzzer's organism, liver weight in those treated with these chemicals was higher than that in rats without chemical treatment. Tyzzer's disease-infected rats treated with these chemicals showed higher plasma transaminase values and more severe histopathologic liver lesions than infected rats without chemical treatment. The results indicated that the growth of Tyzzer's organisms in hepatocytes was accelerated in the course of hepatocytic metabolic changes during liver enlargement, and that protein synthesized in the hepatocyte may play an important role in the nutritive requirements of the organism.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1996

Demonstration of rat CAR bacillus using a labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method.

Immunohistochemical detection of rat CAR bacillus antigen in paraffin-embedded experimentally infected rat lungs, using an immunoperoxidase technique based on the labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method and 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) as substrate is described in this paper. The pattern of immunostaining was confined to the ciliated bronchial epithelium and the specificity of this technique was confirmed. The use of AEC as substrate was evaluated more efficient than diaminobenzidine (DAB). The usefulness of this immunoperoxidase technique for the detection of CAR bacillus in rats and its advantages compared to the indirect immunofluorescence (IF) are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Biological properties and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacillus larvae originated from American foulbrood of honeybee in Japan.

The biological properties and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of Bacillus larvae were examined. Twenty-nine strains, 28 isolates from each outbreak of American foulbrood in Japan and a B. larvae type strain (ATCC 9545T) were used. our B. larvae isolates had almost the same biological properties as the type strain. The isolates were more susceptible to penicillins, macrolides and lincomycin, a lincosamide, than other antimicrobials. Microsamicin among the macrolides and ampicillin among the penicillins appeared to be the most effective agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Experimental infection of pregnant cows with Bacillus licheniformis bacteria.

To study the abortifacient potential and fetoplacental tropism of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria, eight cows in the sixth to eighth month of gestation were inoculated intravenously either once (n = 4) or on four successive days (n = 4) with B. licheniformis at doses ranging from 10(9) to 10(12) colony-forming units. Cows were euthanatized and necropsied prior to abortion (n = 2), at the time of abortion (n = 2), or at calving (n = 4). Live-born calves (n = 5) were euthanatized immediately after delivery and necropsied. B. licheniformis was reisolated from placentomes/endometrium in six of eight (75%) cows and from one fetus aborted 43 days after inoculation. Lesions associated with B. licheniformis were restricted to the pregnant uterus, with the exception of one cow, which developed pneumonia. Necrosis in the fetal compartment of the placenta were present in three of four (75%) cows of both inoculation groups. Lesions were mainly restricted to fetal membranes and especially to the fetal side of the placentomes. Necrosis and diffuse neutrophil infiltrations of both villi and intervillous areas occurred in the fetal part of the placenta, and the placentomal interface was distended by bacteria, neutrophils, erythrocytes, and debris. Within trophoblasts, bacteria were located both free in the cytoplasm and in cytoplasmatic vesicles. Inflammation was present in three of eight (38%) calves. Placental and fetal lesions were similar to those found in cases of spontaneous abortions associated with B. licheniformis. The abortifacient potential of B. licheniformis and the tropism for the bovine placenta is demonstrated here for the first time.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Purification and properties of an enzyme capable of degrading the polysaccharide of the cyanobacterium, Nostoc commune.

A novel Nostoc commune-polysaccharide (NPS)-degrading enzyme with a molecular mass of 128.5 kDa was purified from Paenibacillus glycanilyticus DS-1. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme activity were 5.5 and 35 degrees C, respectively. The enzyme completely degraded NPS to oligosaccharides, ranging from tetra to hexasaccharides and could degrade the xylan weakly whereas xanthan, gellan, cellulose, curdlan and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside were not degraded. Homology analysis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the NPS-degrading enzyme against the PIR and SWISS-PROT databases indicated that the sequence was not homologous to any other polysaccharide-degrading enzyme.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Propagation of CAR bacillus in artificial media.

CAR bacillus propagated successfully in an artificial medium, and the number of CAR bacillus was about 30 times the original number after 8 days of cultivation. The medium consisted of Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and 20% hamster tracheal organ culture soup. By intranasal inoculation to mice, two strains of the CAR bacillus passaged 5 and 6 times in this artificial medium produced the same lung lesions as natural CAR bacillus infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Successful non-surgical treatment of brain abscess and necrotizing fasciitis caused by Bacillus cereus.

Musculoskeletal and central nervous system infections caused by Bacillus cereus are very rare. Only a few cases have been reported, whose clinical courses strongly suggested that surgical procedures combined with appropriate antimicrobial therapy are necessary to cure these infections. A 60-year-old man with severe neutropenia due to myelodysplastic syndrome, developing necrotizing fasciitis and brain abscess caused by Bacillus cereus is reported. Without performing any surgical procedures, the patient was successfully treated with systemic antimicrobial therapy combined with granulocyte colony stimulating factor, which contributed to the increase in the neutrophil count.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

16S ribosomal RNA tools identify an unexpected predominance of Paenibacillus-like bacteria in an industrial activated sludge system suffering from poor biosolids separation.

Molecular biology tools targeting 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) were used to identify a predominant bacterial population in a full-scale dairy wastewater activated sludge system suffering from poor biosolids separation. Gram and acridine orange staining indicated that viable, Gram-positive microorganisms were present in samples removed from the influent waste stream and represented approximately 50% of total cell counts in samples removed from the mixed liquor. Subsequently, the "full-cycle 16S rRNA approach" showed that phylogenetic relatives of Paenibacillus spp., a low guanine-plus-cytosine percent DNA-content, Gram-positive microorganism, represented up to 30% of total 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained cell counts in samples of mixed liquor. Although fluorescent in situ hybridizations with 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide hybridization probes identified Paenibacillus-like spp. in samples removed from the influent waste stream, their abundance was less than 10% of total stained cell counts. Results of this study suggest that Paenibacillus-like spp. were present in low abundance in the influent waste stream, increased in relative abundance within the treatment system, and should be examined further as a candidate bacterial population responsible for poor biosolids separation. This study demonstrates that the full-cycle 16S rRNA approach can be used to identify candidate bacterial populations that may be responsible for operational upsets in full-scale activated sludge systems without prior information from cultivation or microscopic analyses.

Bacillaceae↗
PubMed2005

Geobacillus thermoleovorans subsp. stromboliensis subsp. nov., isolated from the geothermal volcanic environment.

A novel thermophilic, aerobic, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain PizzoT, was isolated from geothermal volcanic environment. Samples were collected from the Pizzo sopra la Fossa site at Stromboli Island (Eolian Islands, south of Italy) at the high altitude of 918 m. Cells of strain PizzoT were rod-shaped and stained Gram-positive. Growth was observed between 50 and 75 degrees C (optimum 70 degrees C) and at pH 5.0-8.0 (optimum pH 7.0). NaCl (0.4%, w/v) supported growth and among the hydrocarbons tested none induced growth. The G+C content of the DNA was 54.1 mol% and the sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the new isolate was phylogenetically closely related to the members of the Bacillus rRNA Group 5. DNA-DNA hybridization studies revealed a borderline similarity between the new isolate and Geobacillus thermoleovorans DSM 5366T (69.8%) and Geobacillus kaustophilus DSM 7263T (63.4%). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and physiological traits of the isolate, it should be described as a new member of the Geobacillus thermoleovorans species and it is proposed that strain PizzoT can be classified as Geobacillus thermoleovorans subsp. stromboliensis, subsp. nov. (ATCC BAA-979T; DSM 15393T).

Bacillaceae↗