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PubMed2003

[The principles of using anthropometry in the clinical estimation of a nutritional status].

In paper the procedure and principles of carrying out of anthropometric measurements permitting to the practical doctor in clinical and out-patient conditions to supervise behind changes of volume muscle and bodies composition, and also total body water in subjects at carrying of a medical nutrition. Usage of integral parameters on the basis of anthropometric measurements allows effectively to inspect a status of nutrition of the able-bodied and in car patients.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2003

Newborn anthropometry and its relationship with maternal factors.

A cross sectional study was conducted in a public maternity hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh on 316 pregnant women and their newborns. The study aimed at examining the relationship between birth weight and maternal sociodemographic, anthropometric and haematological factors. The study revealed that about 15% of babies were of low birth weight (LWB). The mean birth weight was found to be 2889 +/- 468g. The LBW was more common in younger (< 20 years) and older (> or = 30 years) mothers, low income group, day labourer and those with little or no education. The mean birth weight of male babies was on an average 138g more than that of female babies (p < 0.032). The babies of the mothers who had at least three antenatal visits, found to be 191g heavier than those who had less than three or no visit. The study showed that birth weight increased linearly as gestational age increased. The mean birth weight of babies of primi para was 107g less than those of multi para. The incidence of LBW were found to be 23.3% and 10.4% respectively for maternal heamoglobin level of < 9g/dl and > or = 12g/dl. It was revealed that higher maternal anthropometric means were associated with higher birth weights. Logistic regression analysis supports that the gestational age at birth, maternal haemoglobin level and post partum weight were the important determinants of low birth weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Hand anthropometry of Indian women.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Data on the physical dimension of the hand of Indian women are scanty. This information is necessary to ascertain human-machine compatibility in the design of manual systems for the bare and gloved hand, such as design and sizing of hand tools, controls, knobs and other applications in different kinds of precision and power grips. The present study was undertaken to generate hand anthropometric data of 95 women, working in informal industries (beedi, agarbatti and garment making). METHODS: Fifty one hand measurements of the right hand (lengths, breadths, circumferences, depths, spreads and clearances of hand and fingers) were taken, using anthropometric sliding and spreading calipers, measuring tape and handgrip strength dynamometer. The data were statistically analyzed to determine the normality of data and the percentile values of different hand dimensions, and simple and multiple regression analysis were done to determine better predictors of hand length and grip strength. RESULTS: The hand breadths, circumferences and depths were approximately normally distributed, with some deviation in case of the finger lengths. Hand length was significantly correlated with the fist, wrist and finger circumferences. The fist and wrist circumferences, in combination, were better predictors of hand length. The hand lengths, breadths and depths, including finger joints of the Indian women studied were smaller than those of American, British and West Indian women. The hand circumferences of the Indian women were also smaller than the American women. Grip strengths of Indian women (20.36 +/- 3.24 kg) were less than those of American, British and West Indian women. Grip strength was found to be statistically significant with hand dimensions, such as hand height perpendicular to wrist crease (digit 5), proximal interphalangeal joint breadth (digit 3) and hand spread across wedge 1. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The women who are forced to frequently use cutters, strippers and other tools, which are not optimally designed to their hand dimensions and strength range, might have higher prevalence of clinical symptoms and disorders of the hand. In view of the human hand-tool interface requirements, the present data on Indian women would be useful for ergo-design applications of hand tools and devices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Relationship between maternal anthropometry and weight gain with birth weight, and risks of low birth weight, small for gestational age and prematurity at an urban population of Buenos Aires, Argentina].

To asses the relationship between body mass index and net weight gain during pregnancy with birth weight and the risks of low birth weight, small for date and prematurity 9613 records from Sardá's Perinatal Database between 1994-1995 were reviewed. Exclusion criteria were fetal death, twin pregnancy, congenital malformations, lack of prenatal visits and lack of preconceptional weight and height. 9.6% of mothers and 15% of adolescents presented with low preconceptional BMI (median: 24.8 +/- 4.3 kg/m2); in contrast, 28% were overweight and obese. Net weight gain (median 9.25 +/- 4.9 kg) accounted for 16% of previous weight and was higher with lower BMI (p = 0.001). Birth weight (median 3375 +/- 467 g) decreased with lower BMI (p = 0.001) and the risks of low birth weight (p < 0.05), small for date (p < 0.05), and prematurity (p = 0.05) was independently associated with BMI, and increased (p < 0.001) when lower the net weight gain was. The best predictors for low birth weight, small for date and prematurity risks were low preconceptional weight (40-51 kg) (adjusted OR 1.72; [95%CI 1.48-1.95], 2.12 [1.82-2.41] and 1.46 [1.12-1.79] respectively). Net weight gain and several predictive variables did not explain more than 10.8% of the variability of birth weight. Preconceptional weight should have important implications for the design of future nutritional strategies at a poblational level, especially for adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Anthropometry of male and female children in Crèches in Turkey.

This paper presents the results of an anthropometrical survey conducted on male and female children aged 3, 4 and 5 years in Turkey. A set of 18 body dimensions was taken from 154 males and 132 females. It is considered that the 18 parameters are necessary for the design of school furniture, fittings and equipment in order to minimize musculoskeletal, visual and circulatory problems resulting from badly designed elements. This study identified significant gender differences in a set of 18 anthropometrical measures in this subject group.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed2005

Anthropometry and the comparison of garment size systems in some European countries.

This work points to the relevance of regional and state systems of garment sizes. High quality, garment size systems, garment design and economy are currently the focal points, which belie the outdated strategy of competitiveness based on product cost. The average body dimensions have considerably changed in the last decades. We have investigated these differences in a number of European countries and compared the garment size systems. A concrete example is provided by the hind part of women's trousers and comparisons have been made. The conclusion is that most countries still possess their own official garment size systems, which differ in many aspects from the others. In addition, larger firms in some countries use their internal standards, which vary to some extent. The conclusion based on research is that they depend on the function and purpose of the garment, on trends in fashion, on the design and on the economy of production.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed2005

The localization and anthropometry of mental foramen on late Byzantine mandibles.

Comprehensive studies of the human skeletal features and variations between and within populations are beneficial both for clinical applications and determination of racial characteristics of populations. The aim of this study was to examine the location and anthropometric characteristics of the mental foramen in 36 adult male mandibles of the Late Byzantine period. The results demonstrated that the most common position of the mental foramen was in line with the longitudinal axis of the second premolar (50% right side; 47% left side) followed by a location between the first and second premolars (33% right side; 36% left side). When compared with the results of previous similar studies, the results obtained in the present study suggest that traits such as the localization of mental foramen may not only differ between populations of different geographic environment but also within the inhabitants of the same geography.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Anthropometry and bilirubin production.

Anthropometric measurements and total bilirubin formation (TBF) estimates were performed on infants born to normal and diabetic mothers. Although we do not exclude the theoretical possibility of a low-frequency occurrence of increased TBF in macrosomic infants of normal mothers, we can conclude that infants of mothers whose diabetes is well managed may have normal TBF.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1991

Anthropometry, lipid- and vitamin status of 215 health-conscious Thai elderly.

A survey was carried out on 59 males and 146 females aged 60 years and above from a special clinic for the elderly in Bangkok. All of these subjects had no major complaints of ill health and, judging by their appearance, they seemed to be apparently healthy. 6.8% of the males and 11% of the females were found to be over-nourished. Less than 15% of all the individuals under investigation were suffering from hypertension, hyperglycaemia and hyperuricaemia. 35% of the males but only 13% of the females were anemic. The lipid status of the females was generally worse with statistically higher median values for total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides than the males. There was no significant difference in the variation of HDL-cholesterol between the sexes. High vitamin C, B2 and B6 deficiency rates were observed in both the males and the females.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Nutritional status of the elderly V). Dietary and biochemical data and anthropometry of noninstitutionalized elderly in Perugia at the eleventh year follow-up.

The nutritional status of 93 noninstitutionalized elderly of the city of Perugia, mostly of them examined longitudinally, was assessed at the eleventh year follow-up. Diet is still rather rich and unbalanced. Alcohol intake in men is very high. Biological dietary errors have an impact on the nutritional status, particularly for folates, of the individual. But in this regard it is interesting to note that in some cases vitamin and mineral nutriture has improved at this follow-up. In addition the distribution of malnutrition is rather different from that of the previous follow-up. As on previous occasions, no correlation was observed between vitamin intake and corresponding nutritional status (with the exception of riboflavin). Obesity is rather common among women; men present a higher muscular area and hand muscular strength. The clinical evaluation of nutritional status evidences principally changes which are mostly ascribable to old age. Among the pathologies, chronic ischemic heart disease, hypertension, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoarthrosis and diabetes occur most frequently.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Nutritional status: anthropometry. Euronut SENECA investigators.

In 19 towns and cities across Europe anthropometric data--body weight, height, skinfold thicknesses and circumferences--have been obtained from 2332 elderly subjects born between 1913 and 1918, according to a strictly standardized methodology. Large variations exist among research towns even within countries. For body weight, means ranged from 70.1 +/- 15.4 kg to 78.2 +/- 10.7 kg in men and from 56.8 +/- 8.1 to 71.4 +/- 11.4 kg in women. In the North European towns and cities both men and women were taller than their counterparts in the southern towns. Mean body mass index varied from 24.4 +/- 3.8 kg m-2 to 30.3 +/- 5.2 kg m-2 among men. In women the range of means was from 23.9 +/- 3.6 kg m-2 to 30.5 +/- 5.1 kg m-2. Triceps skinfold thicknesses suggest that females had more fat at subcutaneous sites than the males, and the waist-hip ratio was consistently lower in elderly women.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Postnatal growth of very low birth weight newborn (LBW infant). Anthropometry after a period of 3 years, longitudinal study].

Growth of 230 very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) admitted to the neonatal wards of a metropolitan pediatric hospital at Santiago, Chile was studied prospectively up to 36 months of age, in the period 1980-1988. For further analysis patients were separated in groups A, 60 newborn infants with birth-weight below 1,001 g and B, 170 newborn infants with birth-weight between 1,001 and 1,500 g. We used Patri's growth charts, to compare the results with full term healthy newborns of 3,318 g average birth-weight from the same socio-economical status. The average weight of group A infants was below 2 SD at age one year and between one and two SD at 2 and 3 years of age. In group B infants weight was between one and 2 SD at one year of age and below 1 SD at 2 years. At age 3 years average weight was very close to normal. Group A infants were not successful to achieve the average height of the standard at age 3 year, but this same goal was obtained at 2 years of age in group B infants. Head circumference was within the normal average at ages 3 and 2 year in group A and B infants, respectively.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1991

[Anthropometry at birth of the child of a mother with a change in glucose metabolism].

The study compares 156 newborns whose mothers had an endocrinological diagnosis of various glucose metabolism disorders, and a control group of 42 newborn whose mothers had no glucose metabolism disorder. The entire sample including the control group had 98 males and 100 females. The study group with 156 newborns was divided into 4 groups, depending on the degree of the mother's disorder. In group 1, the baby's mothers suffered diabetes mellitus type 1; group 2, diabetes type 2; group 3, gestational diabetes; and group 4, pregnancy disorders of glucose. We observed that there were no differences among the groups in the weight/height ratio. Nevertheless there was great variability in the correlation between height and weight among the study groups. Multiplex box and whisker plots conform that intergroup dispersions in the weight height ratio was greater for the experimental group than for the control group. The pattern results was similar for the weight-head circumference ratio. We concluded that adequate control of glucose metabolism disorder during pregnancy results in product with normal growth indices.

Adult↗