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PubMedDate not supplied

Internet resources to improve health care for patients with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To review diabetes-related Web sites and online resources for health-care professionals, patients, and health-care organizations. METHODS: Diabetes-related Web sites were sought and reviewed. RESULTS: The Internet has a vast amount of diabetes-related content. Many health-care organizations make their practice guidelines available for online viewing, downloading, or both. Other resources focus on helping clinicians answer specific clinical questions at the point of care by providing extensive diabetes-related basic science, diagnostic, and therapeutic content. Some online resources can help to improve patient adherence to recommended treatment regimens and healthier lifestyles. New Web sites and online tools can help health-care professionals and organizations implement improved systems of diabetes care, focusing on evidence-based decision making, effective information systems, and meeting the needs of diverse populations. Online data can also help those wishing to purchase and implement electronic registries or electronic medical record systems (or both) to compare product characteristics. CONCLUSION: An increasing number of diabetes-related Web sites have become available to help clinicians, patients, and health-care systems obtain the information, tools, and support to address the many challenges involved in effective management of diabetes.

Diabetes Mellitus↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Modifications of graduate public/community health nursing internships to facilitate compliance with Institutional Review Board and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations.

This paper describes the changes that were made to a two-semester graduate internship course to facilitate student compliance with Institutional Review Board (IRB) and agency requirements for compliance with the Privacy Rule of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Students now spend the first semester of the internship developing collaborative relationships with the agency and conceptualizing, planning, and developing all aspects of the project, including preparing materials for an IRB review. A series of workshops about the IRB process, the Privacy Rule of HIPAA, and on-line resources have been developed. A password-protected web site and other resources were developed for preceptors. The result of the changes has been primarily positive. By having to conceptualize and develop the entire project at the beginning, students demonstrate a better understanding of program development and evaluation. Their writing has markedly improved. Preceptors like the course revisions, the convenience of on-line resources, and the enhanced course focus on the protection of health care information and of potential participants in health education programs or program evaluation projects.

Community Health Nursing↗

PubMed2004

A multi-agent system architecture for geographic information gathering.

World Wide Web (WWW) is a vast repository of information, including a great deal of geographic information. But the location and retrieval of geographic information will require a significant amount of time and effort. In addition, different users usually have different views and interests in the same information. To resolve such problems, this paper first proposed a model of geographic information gathering based on multi-Agent (MA) architecture. Then based on this model, we construct a prototype system with GML (Geography Markup Language). This system consists of three tiers-Client, Web Server and Data Resource. Finally, we expatiate on the process of Web Server.

Algorithms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Genetics and type 1 diabetes: online resources for patients.

PURPOSE: This Web-based review was undertaken to compile online resources for diabetes educators on genetics--specifically, the genetics of type 1 diabetes--and to provide helpful and accurate information for the public. METHODS: Keyword searches were performed to identify Web sites for genetics education for the lay public and for sites specifically geared toward children/young adults. Web sites were critiqued based on credibility (source, currency, relevance/utility), content (accuracy), and design (accessibility, logical organization). Additional keyword searches were conducted to find sites describing the genetics of type 1 diabetes, which were evaluated for content validity. RESULTS: The Web sites selected for general genetics education contain accessible, credible, and accurate information about basic genetics in an easy-to-follow format with both text and visual aides. Although these sites adequately educate the public about genetics, only diabetes-specific Web sites discussed the relationship between genetics and risk for type 1 diabetes associated with high-risk HLA alleles. CONCLUSIONS: In this genomic age, it is important for healthcare professionals to provide genetics information. Educational tools that specifically address the genetics of type 1 diabetes are urgently needed to fill the current information gaps on the Internet.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Searching for HIV/AIDS information on the World Wide Web.

Providing patients and their families with information on HIV/AIDS can be a challenge given the entire range of tissues that come packaged with the disease itself. Information on treatment and resources changes rapidly due to the nature of the disease, and it can be difficult to have printed sources on hand that are up to date. A greater percentage of patients are now computer literate with access to the World Wide Web readily available both at home and in public libraries. With this in mind, clinicians should include Web sources when they provide information to their patients. With some guidance in choosing among the many Web resources available, patients can easily take advantage of this free gold mine of information and resources on HIV/AIDS. This article provides a guide to choosing among these resources and a list of web sites that can be given to patients.

Computer User Training↗

PubMed2003

Newborn hearing screening resources on the Internet.

Starting as a small military and academic network, the Internet has gradually evolved into a worldwide web, which connects most local networks as well as millions of personal computers from individual users. It is of interest to the medical practitioner, that ever more biomedical resources are becoming available on-line to assist in clinical medicine, research and education. In this paper a detailed list of the World Wide Web sites accessible through the Internet is provided, in which data about newborn hearing screening may be found. Web resources of medical equipment and suppliers and sites including otoacoustic emissions topics, are presented as well. This review is intended to present the wealth of the accessible information on the Internet and to promote further presentation on the web of any available hearing screening data from hospitals and Audiology Departments in which such programs are implemented.

Audiology↗

PubMedDate not supplied

CliniWeb: managing clinical information on the World Wide Web.

The World Wide Web is a powerful new way to deliver on-line clinical information, but several problems limit its value to health care professionals: content is highly distributed and difficult to find, clinical information is not separated from non-clinical information, and the current Web technology is unable to support some advanced retrieval capabilities. A system called CliniWeb has been developed to address these problems. CliniWeb is an index to clinical information on the World Wide Web, providing a browsing and searching interface to clinical content at the level of the health care student or provider. Its database contains a list of clinical information resources on the Web that are indexed by terms from the Medical Subject Headings disease tree and retrieved with the assistance of SAPHIRE. Limitations of the processes used to build the database are discussed, together with directions for future research.

Abstracting and Indexing↗

PubMed1996

What is the Internet learning about you while you are learning about the Internet?

Privacy, confidentiality, and security are largely taken for granted in physicians' offices. However, increasingly, physicians and insurance providers will be obtaining and exchanging information through the sophisticated resources available on the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW, or the Web). Some of these resources will maintain the same privacy experienced in the office of a trusted clinician or in the reading room of a great library, but more often than not, while people are learning from the Web, the Web will be learning about them. The author describes a new type of file used by Web browsers (the "cookies" file) that may enable users to browse the Web more efficiently but that may also compromise the user's privacy. He then discusses exactly how abuses might occur if information obtained through cookies files is misused, particularly by health insurance providers. Finally, he considers privacy and confidentiality issues raised by computer-based medical records, and the role of the health care provider in maintaining confidential and helpful doctor-patient relationships in the face of rapid technological change and the pressures of managed care.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1998

WebWatch. General Internet Resources.

This regular WebWatch column is designed to keep readers in the forefront of the ever-expanding number of electronic resources relevant to AIDS Patient Care and STDs, provide guidelines on how to evaluate the material; and supply regular updates on new on-line locations and developments on the Web. The Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) are shown in bold type and search terms are shown underlined in the text. Explanations and notes are italicized.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1998

WebWatch. Government Resources.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1998

WebWatch. Newsgroups, chat rooms, and news services.

This regular WebWatch column is designed to keep readers in the forefront of the ever-expanding number of electronic resources relevant to AIDS Patient Care and STDs; provide guidelines on how to evaluate the material; and supply regular updates on new on-line locations and developments on the Web. The Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) are shown in bold type and search terms are shown underlined in the text. Explanations and notes are italicized.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed2006

AgBase: a unified resource for functional analysis in agriculture.

Analysis of functional genomics (transcriptomics and proteomics) datasets is hindered in agricultural species because agricultural genome sequences have relatively poor structural and functional annotation. To facilitate systems biology in these species we have established the curated, web-accessible, public resource 'AgBase' (www.agbase.msstate.edu). We have improved the structural annotation of agriculturally important genomes by experimentally confirming the in vivo expression of electronically predicted proteins and by proteogenomic mapping. Proteogenomic data are available from the AgBase proteogenomics link. We contribute Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and we provide a two tier system of GO annotations for users. The 'GO Consortium' gene association file contains the most rigorous GO annotations based solely on experimental data. The 'Community' gene association file contains GO annotations based on expert community knowledge (annotations based directly from author statements and submitted annotations from the community) and annotations for predicted proteins. We have developed two tools for proteomics analysis and these are freely available on request. A suite of tools for analyzing functional genomics datasets using the GO is available online at the AgBase site. We encourage and publicly acknowledge GO annotations from researchers and provide an online mechanism for agricultural researchers to submit requests for GO annotations.

Agriculture↗

PubMed2001

The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR): a comprehensive database and web-based information retrieval, analysis, and visualization system for a model plant.

Arabidopsis thaliana, a small annual plant belonging to the mustard family, is the subject of study by an estimated 7000 researchers around the world. In addition to the large body of genetic, physiological and biochemical data gathered for this plant, it will be the first higher plant genome to be completely sequenced, with completion expected at the end of the year 2000. The sequencing effort has been coordinated by an international collaboration, the Arabidopsis Genome Initiative (AGI). The rationale for intensive investigation of Arabidopsis is that it is an excellent model for higher plants. In order to maximize use of the knowledge gained about this plant, there is a need for a comprehensive database and information retrieval and analysis system that will provide user-friendly access to Arabidopsis information. This paper describes the initial steps we have taken toward realizing these goals in a project called The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) (www.arabidopsis.org).

Arabidopsis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prioritization MICA: a Web-based application to prioritize public health resources.

Although setting priorities is an important step in making public health policy, the benefit of using epidemiology to prioritize scarce public health resources has not been fully recognized. This situation is mostly due to the complexity of proposed models for setting priorities. We describe a public health priority setting model, Missouri Information for Community Assessment Priority Setting Model (Priority MICA), which uses epidemiologic measures available in most surveillance systems across the United States. Priority MICA uses data from birth and death certificates, hospital discharges, emergency departments, risk factors from the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System, and eight epidemiologic measures to construct six priority criteria: size (the number of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths), severity (number of deaths of people younger than 65), urgency (trends in deaths and hospital morbidity), preventability (evidence-based score), community support (score of social support for preventive action), and racial-disparity (race comparison through death and morbidity rate ratio). Priority MICA is part of a Web-based interactive tool that makes available data from a wide variety of surveillance systems (http://www.dhss.mo.gov/MICA). The top 10 priority diseases determined by Priority MICA were compared to a more traditional method of ranking diseases by mortality rates. Using the additional criteria in Priority MICA identified four more priority diseases than were identified using just mortality while the ranking of the other six priority diseases differed between methods.

Health Care Rationing↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Using component technologies for web based wavelet enhanced mammographic image visualization.

The poor contrast detectability of mammography can be dealt with by domain specific software visualization tools. Remote desktop client access and time performance limitations of a previously reported visualization tool are addressed, aiming at more efficient visualization of mammographic image resources existing in web or PACS image servers. This effort is also motivated by the fact that at present, web browsers do not support domain-specific medical image visualization. To deal with desktop client access the tool was redesigned by exploring component technologies, enabling the integration of stand alone domain specific mammographic image functionality in a web browsing environment (web adaptation). The integration method is based on ActiveX Document Server technology. ActiveX Document is a part of Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) extensible systems object technology, offering new services in existing applications. The standard DICOM 3.0 part 10 compatible image-format specification Papyrus 3.0 is supported, in addition to standard digitization formats such as TIFF. The visualization functionality of the tool has been enhanced by including a fast wavelet transform implementation, which allows for real time wavelet based contrast enhancement and denoising operations. Initial use of the tool with mammograms of various breast structures demonstrated its potential in improving visualization of diagnostic mammographic features. Web adaptation and real time wavelet processing enhance the potential of the previously reported tool in remote diagnosis and education in mammography.

Female↗

PubMed2006

Assessing learning needs for breastfeeding: setting the scene.

Breastfeeding has a major contribution to make to public health, yet the UK, like many other developed countries, has low rates of breastfeeding. A contributing factor is that practitioners are ill-prepared to support breastfeeding women. There is a mismatch between the care professionals provide and the support women desire. A national breastfeeding learning needs assessment (LNA) was carried out in England to provide a comprehensive picture of professional and practitioner learning needs and existing training opportunities and resources. The LNA comprised five elements, and sought the views of service users through consumer organizations and voluntary breastfeeding supporters. Two elements of the LNA are reported here. A search of RDLearning, a web-based national resource, provided details of existing accredited courses in the UK for practitioners. Ten short courses provided by higher education institutions were identified, along with a range of courses offered by voluntary and other organizations, such as the National Childbirth Trust and UNICEF Baby Friendly Initiative. Second, an e-mail survey of 28 key stakeholder organizations was undertaken, with a response rate of 68% (n = 18). All but one acknowledged that their members could benefit from further breastfeeding knowledge and expertise and were supportive of a national breastfeeding education initiative. The most popular forms of education provision were workshops and seminars, online and written information. The topic considered most important for all practitioners was the health outcomes of breastfeeding. Other contributions which stakeholder organizations felt they could make were the provision of information resources and setting up specialist interest groups.

Breast Feeding↗

PubMed2003

User preference as quality markers of paediatric web sites.

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the ability of internet users to distinguish the best medical resources online, and how their preferences, measured by usage and popularity indexes, correlate with established quality criteria. Our objective was to analyse whether the number of inbound links and/or daily visits to a sample of paediatric web pages are reliable quality markers of the pages. DESIGN: Two-year follow-up study of 363 web pages with paediatric information. MEASUREMENTS: The number of inbound links and the average number of daily visits to the pages were calculated on a yearly basis. In addition, their rates of compliance with the codes of conduct, guidelines and/or principles of three international organizations were evaluated. RESULTS: The quality code most widely met by the sample web pages was the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (overall rate, 60.2%). Sample pages showed a low degree of compliance with principles related to privacy, confidentiality and electronic commerce (overall rate less than 45%). Most importantly, we observed a moderate, significant correlation between compliance with quality criteria and the number of inbound links (p < 0.001). However, no correlation was found between the number of daily visits to a page and its degree of compliance with the principles. CONCLUSIONS: Some indexes derived from the analysis of webmasters' hyperlinks could be reliable quality markers of medical web resources.

Child↗

PubMed1999

Making sense of the electronic resource marketplace: trends in health-related electronic resources.

Changes in the practice of medicine and technological developments offer librarians unprecedented opportunities to select and organize electronic resources, use the Web to deliver content throughout the organization, and improve knowledge at the point of need. The confusing array of available products, access routes, and pricing plans makes it difficult to anticipate the needs of users, identify the top resources, budget effectively, make sound collection management decisions, and organize the resources effectively and seamlessly. The electronic resource marketplace requires much vigilance, considerable patience, and continuous evaluation. There are several strategies that librarians can employ to stay ahead of the electronic resource curve, including taking advantage of free trials from publishers; marketing free trials and involving users in evaluating new products; watching and testing products marketed to the clientele; agreeing to beta test new products and services; working with aggregators or republishers; joining vendor advisory boards; benchmarking institutional resources against five to eight competitors; and forming or joining a consortium for group negotiating and purchasing. This article provides a brief snapshot of leading biomedical resources; showcases several libraries that have excelled in identifying, acquiring, and organizing electronic resources; and discusses strategies and trends of potential interest to biomedical librarians, especially those working in hospital settings.

Computer Communication Networks↗