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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Effects of hot, humid weather on milk temperature, dry matter intake, and milk yield of lactating dairy cows.

Lactating cows were exposed to moderate and hot, humid weather to determine the effect of increasing ambient temperature, relative humidity, or temperature-humidity index (THI) on intake, milk yield, and milk temperature. Minimum and maximum temperatures averaged 17.9 and 29.5 degrees C (cool period) and 22.5 and 34.4 degrees C (hot period), and minimum and maximum THI averaged 63.8 and 76.6 (cool period) and 72.1 and 83.6 (hot period). Environmental conditions had minor effects on intake and milk yield during the cool period. During the hot period, the THI 2 d earlier and mean air temperature 2 d earlier had the greatest impact on milk yield and DMI, respectively. Both breeds maintained milk temperature within normal ranges during the cool period, but Holstein and Jersey p.m. milk temperatures averaged 39.6 and 39.2 degrees C during the hot period. Current day mean air temperature during the hot period had the greatest impact on cow p.m. milk temperature, and minimum air temperature had the greatest influence on a.m. milk temperature. Dry matter intake and milk yield declined linearly with respective increases in air temperature or THI during the hot period and milk temperature increased linearly with increasing air temperature. Dry matter intake and milk yield both exhibited a curvilinear relationship with milk temperature. Environmental modifications should target the effects of high temperatures on cow body temperature and should modify the environment at critical times during the day when cows are stressed, including morning hours when ambient temperatures are typically cooler and cows are not assumed to be stressed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The effects of weather and seasonality on hip fracture incidence in older adults.

This study examined the effect of weather and seasonality on hipfracture incidence in older adults residing in New York City. A total off 66,346 patients aged > or = 65 years who sustained a fracture of the femoralneck or intertrochanteric region from 1985 to 1996 comprised the study population. Hip fractures were more likely to occur in the winter than in any of the other seasons (P<.001). Factors significantly correlated with hip fractureincluded minimum daily temperature (r=.167, P<.001), daily wind speed (r=.166, P<.001), maximum daily temperature (r=.155, P<.001), minutes of sunshine (r=.067, P<.01), and average relative humidity (r=.033, P=.03). A greater number of hip fractures occurred in colder months, withambient temperature rather than any adverse circumstances related to rainor snowfall associated most closely to injury. As most fractures occurredindoors, precipitation is less likely to play a part in hip fracture occurrence in this population.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Relationship of pollen counts of Japanese cedar to weather factors in Isehara City, Kanagawa].

We investigated the relationship of pollen counts of Japanese cedar to 9 different weather factors including means of the highest, and lowest temperatures, variation in temperatures mean of the lowest humidity on a day, daily mean, maximum wind velocity and daily wind direction in 1991, 1992, 1993 and 1995 in Isehara City, Kanagawa Prefecture. The results were as follows: 1. In each year, the highest temperature and the mean humidity were statistically related to the maximum pollen counts of Japanese cedar in the air. 2. Mean pollen counts per day on the days that the wind from the southwest were much higher than on the days with wind from the south. 3. These wind directions coincided with the dense plantation areas of Japanese cedar trees around Isehara City. We concluded that in terms of accurate daily forecasting of pollen counts in the air in a certain area or city, it should be taken into consideration that the highest temperature, and mean humidity together with the wind direction from the area of dense population of Japanese cedar trees surrounding the area are closely related to the increased pollen count per day.

Humidity↗
PubMed1999

[The increase and decrease of the total pollen counts of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) due to abnormal weather during pollen scattering season].

We investigated the changing total number of airborne pollen grains of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) due to abnormal weather during pollen scattering season. The pollen season was divided into 7 periods by the discrepancies in forest flowering time for observations. The observation forests were located at an altitude of 150 m, 220 m, 350 m, and 500 m, and 800 m in the Rokko mountains. These were located at equal spaces, when altitude was taken in the logarithm. The distribution percentage of pollen counts from 1993 to 1998 showed an almost normal distribution level. This was demonstrated by the Log-Normal Probability paper, with a middle level altitude of a 350 m forest. We could estimate the relative rate of 5 different altitude forests against the corresponding amount of pollen as shown under, 0.09 at 150 m forest, 0.34 at 220 m forest, 0.31 at 350 m forest, 0.16 at 500 m forest, 0.10 at 800 m forest. The percentage of pollen counts at the 500 m forest in 1994 and at the 350 m forest in 1995 were decreased from 95% confidence interval. We regarded the decrease in the percentage of pollen counts during these two time, as a cause weak wind velocity and wrong wind direction in Tanba mountains. It was shown that the method for dividing pollen season in different observation forests in which altitude differs, will be useful for pollen forecasts and the pollen source countermeasure.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of weather on blood sugar fluctuations in insulin-dependent patients. Medical meteorological observations (author's transl)].

In agreement with the results of urinary sugar examinations obtained by other authors it was established that there are probable connections between biochemical parameters and climatic events and that the reaction of the blood sugar to meterological changes may be an index for the changing responses of the body to weather as a stress factor. Further investigations, especially on the temporal distribution of hypoglycemias should contribute to a clearer explanation of the undoubtedly important correlation which could be shown to be helpful in the optimal stabilization of diabetics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

The effect of topography, season and weather situation on daily precipitation gradients in 60 Swiss valleys.

Daily precipitation in the Swiss valleys decreases frequently with altitude, particularly in southern Switzerland. Only one-third of precipitation days show positive precipitation gradients with a fairly strong correlation of precipitation with altitude (R2 > or = 0.5). Generally, precipitation gradients are larger in the north than in the south but there are large differences among valleys situated near to each other. The effects of precipitation amount, weather situation, region and season, wind speed and topography were not very significant at all. It seems that the positioning of the upper and lower precipitation gauges under specific topographic and climate conditions can affect the precipitation gradients in a particular valley.

Altitude↗
PubMed2001

Mountaineering in thin air. Patterns of death and of weather at high altitude.

An 8000-m peak bring challenges of extremes of hypoxia and weather as well as the normal hazards of climbing itself. These challenges have taken a severe toll: 604 mountaineers have died on those great peaks since 1950. Little is known about whether mountain height, use of supplemental oxygen, or team size might influence rates of death or of success. However, such information may provide insights not only to our understanding of the limits of human performance, but also to mountaineers in making decisions on these peaks. We present several examples from a research program that is attempting to analyze factors that potentially influence success or death rates on the 8K peaks. (1) Apparent risk of death in the notorious Khumbu Icefall on Mt. Everest has declined dramatically in recent years. This decline could reflect improved route finding and technique, but might also reflect climate warming, which has caused the Khumbu glacier to shrink and slow in recent decades. (2) Risk of death during descent from an 8000-m peak increases with the height of the peak. (3) Risk of death during descent from the summit of Everest or of K2 is elevated for climbers not using supplemental oxygen. (4) We outline some new studies that are exploring how convective heat loss, which influences wind chill, changes with altitude as well as the incidence of storms: both factors will impact the probability success and death of Himalayan mountaineers.

Altitude↗
PubMed2002

Quantitative comparison of forests and other areas with dry weather input loading in the Lake Biwa catchment area.

For the evaluation of pollutants loading to Lake Biwa, comprehensive river surveys on river mouths and forest sites were conducted 9 times from 1996 to 1999, on 25-40 main rivers in the Lake Biwa watershed. The main results obtained are as follows. (1) River water quality reflects regional characteristics a of their catchment areas, and the concentration difference among rivers ranged between 2-3 fold. (2) Concentration variation shows different patterns with time and location depending on water quality indices a used. (3) Indices related to organic matter and nutrients have lower correlation between forests and river mouths, but those related to ionic species showed strong correlation. (4) Flux comparison of forest and river mouth sites suggests that pollutants from catchment areas are conveyed to the lake not only through rivers but also underground. (5) In dry weather conditions, forests contribute 30% to the whole pollutants (TN, TP, and TCOD(Mn)) loading, and the remainder is derived mainly from paddy fields and residential/commercial zones. (6) Unit loading factors from forests are estimated as 640, 57 and 1200 kg/km2/y, respectively for TN, TP and TCOD(Mn), while those from other areas are estimated as 2,500, 208 and 4,200 kg/km2/y.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2002

[Effects on fine particles by the continued high temperature weather in Beijing].

The continued high temperature weather (CHTW) appeared in Beijing since June 23 1999. The measurements showed the PM2.5 mass concentrations were 2 to 3 times of that in non-CHTW period. However the diffusion conditions were still fine in these days. Both the highest hourly concentrations of O3 and the SO4(2-) composition in PM2.5 can identify that the photochemical action was very active. It is the very reason to produce more fine particles in atmosphere.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2003

Host-seeking activity of ixodid ticks in relation to weather variables.

Ixodid ticks were monitored in a temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest in South Moravia (Czech Republic). Relative abundance of the ticks collected before noon (10.00-12.00 h) was compared to several weather variables (air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and derived values) using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The tick numbers were found to be most closely related to the amplitude of the soil (-5 cm) temperature between 07 h and 14 h (TSamp, in Ixodes ricinus), and the soil temperature (TS) at noon (in Haemaphysalis concinna) or in the morning (Dermacentor reticulatus). While a growing amplitude in TSamp caused an increased host-seeking activity of I. ricinus and H. concinna, it suppressed the activity of D. reticulatus, a tick species mainly occurring in colder seasons of the year in Central Europe. The air temperature (TA) and relative humidity (RH) were also closely related to the tick activity, whereas rainfall and wind speed remained largely uncorrelated with the activity of the three tick species. Multiple linear regression on several variables (TSamp, TA, TS, TA-TS, RH) explained 48% of the variance in I. ricinus, 47% in H. concinna, and 38% in D. reticulatus. Predictive two-variable regression models of relative abundance in host-seeking ticks were based on morning temperature (TA or TS) and morning RH as the most important environmental factors: they explained 32% (I. ricinus), 39% (H. concinna), and 35% (D. reticulatus) of the variance.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of the weather conditions on process of temperature changes of cadaver in diagnostics of the time of death].

The impact exerted by weather conditions on the changing cadaver temperature (CCT) is described in the paper. Various meteorological phenomena influence the cadaver as an open thermodynamic system, which affects the accuracy of death prescription (DP). A variety of such impacts are described; trends for further elaboration of algorithms, which account for the environmental factors in mathematical modeling of CCD for the purpose of a more accurate DP diagnosis, are defined.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed2004

A case report of warm weather accidental hypothermia.

A case of hypothermia is presented as a reminder to "Deep South" physicians that our warm weather is not prophylaxis against this syndrome; and many common situations, diseases and medications contribute to and worsen the condition. Diagnosis is made by obtaining a true core body temperature and effective treatment modalities can be easily applied. With appropriate rewarming, a search for complications and monitoring of patient progress a gratifying outcome should result for both patient and physician.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Research on impact of dust event frequency on atmosphere visibility variance: a case study of typical weather stations locating in the dust route to Beijing].

Relationship between dust event frequency and atmosphere visibility deviation is analyzed by using the data of daily visibility and various dust events in Beijing and other 13 typical weather stations locating in the dust events route to Beijing from 1971 to 2000. Results show that the visibility variance increases a standard deviation in the response to the dust event frequency decrease once. The influence of dust event to visibility comes from the high-frequency change of wind velocity. The change of wind velocity in one standard deviation can result in dust event frequency increasing by 30%. The high-frequency changes of near-surface wind influence the occurrence of dust event, and also the fluctuation of daily visibility deviation. The relationship between abnormal low visibility event and visibility deviation is in significant positive correlation. The increase of wind average distance leads to the enhance frequency of dust event and consequently the abnormal low visibility event. There are different relationships between abnormal low visibility event and floating dust, sandstorm and flying-dust respectively.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of selected weather conditions and air pollution on the number of emergency service calls in Cracow].

The paper presents the results of statistical research into the connection between the weather and aerosanitary conditions on the one hand, and on the other hand the number of the emergency service calls in the selected Emergency Wards and kinds of diseases treated during those calls. There seems to be a strong correlation between the number of emergency calls and the appearance of atmospheric fronts and the concentration of dust and sulphur dioxide in the air.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Meteorologic effects on hemorrhagic diathesis in hemophilia. 2. Weather effects on hemophilia with special reference to the atmospheric temperature-humidity complex].

The meteotropism of haemophilic haemorrhages was investigated for 1,802 episodes of bleeding in 223 patients with the help of selected parameters of the atmospheric temperature-humidity complex and the air pressure. The accumulation of haemorrhages under the influence of tropic air masses was particularly conspicuous. In low blood pressure the frequency of bleeding also increased, whereas high-pressure conditions showed a decrease of bleeding. The study clearly confirms that the haemorrhagic tendency in haemophilia is influenced by weather. Therefore a medico-meteorologic forecast should be taken into consideration for haemophiliacs.

Atmospheric Pressure↗