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Results for “Vigor”

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PubMed1994

[Increased blood cell destruction during vigorous regeneration of bone marrow after CAMBO-VIP chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

Alternating non-cross-resistant chemotherapy has been induced for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with the aim of cure, even in advanced cases. We formulated a new high dose regimen, CAMBO-VIP, which was a weekly treatment. They were administered during alternate weeks for a total period of 12 weeks. We obtained high response rate and prolonged disease-free survival with this regimen. We noticed the elevation of serum LDH level in some patients at or shortly after the completion of CAMBO-VIP treatment. LDH elevation was not associated with liver function abnormality in terms of elevation of GOT or total bilirubin. All of these patients were in complete or partial response with no evidence of tumor progression. An LDH isozyme study which was done at the time of LDH elevation showed elevation of both LDH1 and LDH2. Interestingly serum haptoglobin was undetectable in all 6 patients measured at the time of LDH elevation. Reticulocytosis and leukoerythroblastosis in peripheral blood were also observed in all of these patients. These abnormalities including LDH elevation returned to normal within a rather short period, usually within 1 to 3 weeks. From these observations, it is most likely that these abnormalities were due to excessive blood cell destruction, which was observed in association with rapid recovery from myelosuppression.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The vigor of AMWA.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1996

The cardiovascular complications of vigorous physical activity.

OBJECTIVE: To review the cardiovascular risks of exercise for practicing physicians. DATA SOURCES: Relevant medical literature as well as the author's clinical and research experience on the topic. RESULTS: The predominant causes of exercise-related cardiovascular complications are congenital abnormalities in young subjects and atherosclerotic coronary disease in adults. The absolute incidence of exercise deaths is low. Only approximately 0.75 and 0.13 per 100,000 young male and female athletes and 6 per 100,000 middle-aged men die during exertion per year. Nevertheless, exercise does acutely and transiently increase the risk of cardiac events. CONCLUSIONS: Routine cardiovascular testing to prevent exercise events (echocardiography in the young and exercise testing in adults) has limited usefulness because of the rarity of such events, the cost of screening, and poor predictive accuracy of exercise testing for exercise events. Physicians should (1) perform routine screening and cardiac auscultation in young athletes; (2) carefully evaluate exercise-induced symptoms; and (3) ensure that adults know the symptoms of cardiac ischemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The importance of accurate diagnosis and vigorous care of the patient with liver disease and gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the patient with liver disease is often massive and life threatening. Although varices are the most likely cause of hemorrhage, other sources, such as peptic ulcer disease, Mallory-Weiss tears, and portal hypertensive gastropathy, are common. As liver disease is an important risk factor for intractable bleeding and death in patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, outcome in these patients is often poor regardless of the cause of the bleeding. Essential elements of initial therapy include prompt and adequate intravascular volume replacement, correction of severe anemia and coagulopathies, and adequate airway management. After initial resuscitation, urgent endoscopy is required to secure the diagnosis and to deliver endoscopic therapy if possible. The specific form of therapy will differ depending on the lesion encountered. Adjunctive measures, such as the administration of antibiotics and drugs that reduce portal pressure, including octreotide, may also improve outcome. Clinical and endoscopic information can be used to predict first bleeding in patients with liver disease. A large body of data supports the use of beta-blockers in the prevention of first bleeding in patients with known varices.

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1998

Plasma catecholamines and renin activity in wrestlers following vigorous swimming.

Cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to exercise in a physically fit and an untrained group of young healthy subjects were compared to study the significance of physical fitness for performance in a discipline for which the athletes were not trained. Ten wrestlers of national rank prepared for an international competition (age 18 years) and 9 untrained healthy males (age 21 years). Exercise consisted of 27-min swimming, freestyle, in water of 29 degrees C, with last 3 min increased to maximal effort. The blood pressure, heart rate and sublingual temperature were measured and blood samples were withdrawn before exercise, immediately after and after a 30 min period of rest. Catecholamines were analyzed by radioenzymatic method and plasma renin activity (PRA) using commercial kits. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate after swimming were increased comparably in the two groups, diastolic pressure was unchanged in the controls and decreased in the wrestlers. Plasma cortisol remained unchanged. Plasma glucose tended to increase in the controls and so decrease in wrestlers, with a significant difference between them after swimming (p < 0.05). However, plasma adrenaline was concomitantly increased in both groups (p < 0.01). Noradrenaline and PRA were increased after swimming in both the control and trained group. The increments of noradrenaline and PRA in wrestlers were significantly reduced compared to the control group (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). Higher physical fitness in athletes significantly reduced plasma noradrenaline and angiotensin responses to maximal exercise demanding special skill in work performance which had not been included in their training program. Training of wrestlers did not cause an exaggerated plasma adrenaline response to exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Exercise and weight control in sedentary overweight men: effects on clinic and ambulatory blood pressure.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether restriction of caloric intake and exercise of vigorous intensity can independently and additively influence clinic and ambulatory blood pressures in sedentary overweight men. DESIGN: Sixty subjects aged 20-50 years were randomly allocated either to continue their normal caloric intake or to restrict it by 4186-6279 kl/day, with 15% provided by protein, 30% by fat and 55% by carbohydrate, for 16 weeks. Within each of these groups subjects were further randomly allocated either to a control light intensity programme of exercise or to a vigorous intensity programme of exercise for 30 min three times a week. The light exercise group performed stationary cycling against no resistance, flexibility exercises and slow walking. The vigorous intensity group cycled on an ergometer at 60-70% of maximum their workload. RESULTS: Fifty-one subjects completed the study. Their maximal oxygen uptake was increased by approximately 24% with vigorous exercise but did not change with light exercise. Caloric intake restriction led to a significant loss of body mass of 9.5 kg (95% confidence interval 7.6-11.3), whereas vigorous exercise had no effect. Restriction of caloric intake reduced supine clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressures significantly by 5.6 (2.3-8.9) and 2.4 mmHg (0.4-4.2), respectively. Relative to the control light exercise group, exercise of vigorous intensity exercise had no significant effect on clinic blood pressure. In contrast, time series analysis revealed that both caloric intake restriction and vigorous exercise were associated with lower daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure, the reduction in systolic blood pressure being sustained throughout the 24 h period when vigorous exercise and caloric intake restriction were combined. CONCLUSION: Compared with the effects of caloric intake restriction, the effects of a vigorous exercise programme on blood pressure are inconsistent, there being no influence on clinic blood pressure but a reduction in daytime ambulatory blood pressure. However, when combined with caloric intake restriction, regular vigorous exercise exhibits a synergistic effect in reducing ambulatory blood pressure throughout a 24 h period.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

An estimate of physical activity prevalence in a large population-based cohort.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of self-reported moderate and vigorous physical activity (PA) among 40,261 native Californians in relation to age, gender, education, race/ethnicity, and self-reported disease risk factors. METHODS: Subjects, from the California Twin Program, completed a questionnaire that included three PA questions and were categorized by their level of PA: moderate and vigorous PA sufficient to meet CDC and ACSM guidelines. The relationship between demographic variables, chronic disease risk factors, and meeting the PA guidelines are reported. RESULTS: For moderate and vigorous PA, 22.3% and 37.4% of the total group reported meeting the guidelines respectively. Approximately one-half of all subjects met either duration or frequency criteria, but not both, for moderate and vigorous PA. Only 11.2% and 27.4% reported no moderate or vigorous PA, respectively. Significant age and education gradients existed for both moderate and vigorous PA. An inverse association was noted between both moderate and vigorous PA guidelines and prevalence of chronic disease risk factors. Both frequency and duration of PA were required to adequately characterize the association between PA and health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate 1) greater prevalence of sufficient moderate and vigorous PA and lower prevalence of sedentary behavior in this sample compared with adults nationwide, 2) a greater association between vigorous PA and improved health outcomes than was observed for moderate PA, 3) PA guidelines must focus on both frequency and duration of activity, and 4) age and education gradients in moderate and vigorous PA that could have implications for more effective targeting of guidelines to improve the PA prevalence of American adults.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychosocial correlates of physical activity among fifth and eighth graders.

BACKGROUND: Identification of the factors that influence children's participation in vigorous activity is essential to the development of effective intervention strategies aimed at the prevention of cardiovascular disease and obesity. METHODS: Correlates of intent to participate in vigorous activity were assessed among 310 fifth and eighth graders in Cambridge, Massachusetts, through the development and administration of a questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, an extension of the Theory of Reasoned Action, which includes the domain of perceived behavioral control (how easy or difficult it is to engage in vigorous activity). Heights and weights were measured and questionnaires were completed during physical education classes. RESULTS: Perceived behavioral control and attitude predicted children's intent to participate. How much a child agreed s/he was good at doing vigorous activity predicted perceived behavioral control. In each grade, girls reported being less good at vigorous activity than did boys. Eighth-grade girls reported significantly fewer hours of vigorous activity than did eighth-grade boys. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that gender differences related to intent to participate in vigorous activity, perceived behavioral control, and sense of competency are evident in eighth grade and may begin in fifth grade. These gender differences in perception therefore precede the gender difference in participation in vigorous activity demonstrated among ninth graders in the 1990 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Promotion of activities children enjoy, and in which they feel a sense of competency, is likely to sustain participation in vigorous activity throughout adolescence and possibly reduce the prevalence of obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Relations of total physical activity and intensity to fitness and fatness in children: the European Youth Heart Study.

BACKGROUND: It is unclear how the amount and intensity of physical activity (PA) are associated with cardiovascular fitness (CVF) and body fatness in children. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the associations of total PA and intensity levels to CVF and fatness in children. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of 780 children aged 9-10 y from Sweden and Estonia was conducted. PA was measured by accelerometry and was expressed as min/d of total PA, moderate PA, and vigorous PA. CVF was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test and was expressed as W/kg. Body fat was derived from the sum of 5 skinfold-thickness measurements. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the degree to which variance in CVF and body fat was explained by PA, after control for age, sex, and study location. RESULTS: Lower body fat was significantly associated with higher levels of vigorous PA, but not with moderate or total PA. Those children who engaged in >40 min vigorous PA/d had lower body fat than did those who engaged in 10-18 min vigorous PA/d. Total PA, moderate PA, and vigorous PA were positively associated with CVF. Those children who engaged in >40 min vigorous PA/d had higher CVF than did those who accumulated <18 min vigorous PA/d. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that PA of vigorous intensity may have a greater effect on preventing obesity in children than does PA of lower intensity, whereas both total and at least moderate to vigorous PA may improve children's CVF.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2005

Exercise duration and intensity in a weight-loss program.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of duration and frequency of exercise on weight loss and cardiorespiratory fitness in previously sedentary, overweight, women. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, 4-arm trial of 12-months duration. SETTING: A university-based behavioral weight loss program during the years 2000 and 2001. PARTICIPANTS: Eligibility criteria were: women, 21 to 45 years of age, body mass index (BMI) 27 to 40, reporting exercise <3 days/week for <20 minutes/day during the previous 6 months. Exclusion criteria were: a history of myocardial infarction, taking medication that would alter the heart rate response during exercise or that would affect metabolism or weight loss, being treated for psychologic conditions, pregnant, recently pregnant, or planning pregnancy, having a medical condition that could affect metabolism or body weight (eg, diabetes) or that would limit exercise participation. INTERVENTION: All 201 participants were assigned to a standard behavioral weight loss program, which included regular group meetings and telephone calls, and caloric and dietary fat restrictions. Participants were given meal plans and kept weekly food diaries. The women were assigned to 1 of 4 exercise groups based on energy expenditure of 1000 kcal/wk or 2000 kcal/wk and exercise intensity (moderate versus vigorous). Exercise intensity was prescribed according to percentage of age-predicted maximal heart rate and rating of perceived exertion. Energy expenditure was converted to minutes of exercise per week. The groups were vigorous intensity/high duration, moderate intensity/high duration, moderate intensity/moderate duration, and vigorous intensity/moderate duration. All 4 groups started the program at moderate intensity and moderate duration (100 min/week of walking) and increased the vigor and duration of exercise to set targets of 200, 300, 200, and 150 min/week, for the groups respectively. Treadmills were provided to the participants, and feedback on their weekly exercise logs was given. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At 6 and 12 months, changes in body weight and BMI were measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by a graded exercise treadmill test and expressed as percent change in oxygen consumption from baseline. Excluding 5 women who left the study (because of pregnancy or death) the data were analyzed by the intention-to-treat method (completion rate 184/196 = 94%). MAIN RESULTS: Attendance at group sessions and reported dietary intake and exercise adherence suggested that all groups complied similarly with their dietary and exercise prescriptions. Mean weight loss after 1 year was 8.9, 8.2, 6.3, and 7.0 kg, for the vigorous intensity/high duration, moderate intensity/high duration, moderate intensity/moderate duration, and vigorous intensity/moderate duration groups, respectively, but there was no effect of exercise duration or exercise intensity on changes in body weight or in BMI. Cardiorespiratory fitness increased for all groups; 22%, 14.9%, 13.5%, and 18.9%, for the vigorous intensity/high duration, moderate intensity/high duration, moderate intensity/moderate duration, and vigorous intensity/moderate duration groups, respectively, but the groups did not differ in effect of exercise intensity (P = 0.11) or exercise duration (P = 0.35). When participants were divided by their reported average weekly duration of exercise at months 6 and 12, the group which averaged > or =200 min/week at both time points lost more weight than the groups which averaged <150 min/week of physical activity or whose activity duration was inconsistent (difference among groups, P = 0.01). They also had a greater percent increase in cardiorespiratory fitness than those who averaged <150 min/week of physical activity (P = 0.007) and those whose activity was inconsistent (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Sedentary overweight women lost weight and improved cardiorespiratory fitness in a year-long combined dietary and exercise regimen. Duration of exercise (at least 150 min/week of walking) was more important than vigorous versus moderate intensity in achieving these goals.

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