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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Fluorescence-based amplification of the STR loci D18S535, D1S1656 and D12S391 in a population sample from Aragon (north Spain).

Population data were generated for the STR loci D18S535, D1S1656 and D12S391 in a population sample of unrelated healthy individuals born and living in Aragon (North Spain). The three loci were amplified using a fluorescence-based PCR method and were typed automatically. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectations were observed. The three loci proved to be highly discriminating and valuable polymorphisms for forensic analyses.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed2000

Frequency data on four tetrameric STR loci D18S1270, D14S608, D16S3253 and D21S1437 in a Korean population.

We present the results of a population study in Korea for four new tetrameric short tandem repeat (STR) loci employing multiplex PCR amplification, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the PCR products and silver staining, which allow single base pair resolution and rapid typing. The loci tested were D18S1270, D14S608, D16S3253 and D21S1437 and all loci showed no significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in more than 100 unrelated Koreans. This allelic frequency data can be used in forensic analyses and paternity tests to estimate the frequency of a multiplex PCR based DNA profile in the Korean population.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Frequency data for the STR locus ACTBP2 (SE33) in eight populations.

Allele frequency data for the STR system ACTBP2 (SE33) were determined in eight populations by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with automated laser-induced fluorescence detection. No significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed. The power of discrimination and the mean exclusion chance ranged from 96.6% to 98.7% and from 76.3% to 88.9%, respectively. These forensic efficiency values stress the importance of ACTBP2 for individualisation purposes.

Alleles↗
PubMed2001

Multiplex PCR amplification of eight STR loci in Austrian and Croatian Caucasian populations.

Austrian and Croatian Caucasian population data were generated for eight tetrameric STR loci amplified in a single multiplex reaction. Fluorescent detection was employed using the ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer, the 377 DNA Sequencer (ABI) and the 373A DNA Sequencer (ABI). The loci analyzed were HUMvWFA31 (vWA), HUMTH01, HUMTPOX, HUMCSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820 and D16S539 as part of the GenePrint PowerPlex multiplex system.

Alleles↗
PubMed2001

Autosomal STR genetic variation in negroid Chocó and Bogotá populations.

Genetic data for eight autosomal STRs were obtained from two different population samples from Colombia: the European Mestizo population of Bogotá and the African descent population of the Chocó region. The STRs were analysed in a multiplex system that includes the STR markers CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01, VWA, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539 and D5S818. Separation of the fragments and fluorescent detection was carried out in an ABI 310 DNA sequencer and the typing was made by comparison with sequenced allelic ladders. Exact tests were used for testing linkage between the loci and for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Significant differences were found between both populations for all the loci.

Alleles↗
PubMed2002

Haplotype frequencies of nine Y-chromosome STR loci in the Taiwanese Han population.

Haplotype frequencies of nine Y-chromosome STR loci (DYS19, DYS385, DYS388, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392 and DYS393) in the Taiwanese Han population were established. A total of 183 unrelated individuals produced 162 haplotypes, of which 146 were unique, 1 was found in 5 individuals, 2 were found in 3 individuals and 13 were found in 2 individuals. The haplotype diversity (99.99%) and discrimination capacity (88.5%) were calculated. A family study of 109 father/son pairs in 100 families showed 2 mutational events in the DYS389II locus and 1 in the DYS392 locus.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The STR locus D11S554: allele frequencies and sequence data in a Japanese population.

A population study on the short tandem repeat (STR) locus D11S554 was carried out in a sample of 362 unrelated Japanese individuals living in the Gifu Prefecture. A total of 46 different alleles ranging from 180 bp to 340 bp and 135 genotypes were revealed. Sequence analysis of alleles was carried out for 185 samples. The sequence structures of the repeat regions of the alleles were found to be complex and the alleles were classified into nine sequence types, including four new sequence types. According to the system of Adams et al. (1993), we designated the new sequence types IA3, IA4, IA5 and IB3, respectively. Out of the 46 different alleles, 11 showed sequence heterogeneity. The results of this study demonstrated that the D11S554 locus is a powerful and useful genetic marker for forensic practice in the Japanese population.

Alleles↗
PubMed2000

DXS10011: a hypervariable tetranucleotide STR polymorphism on the X chromosome.

The locus DXS10011 is a polymorphic system with a tetranucleotide repeat sequence located on the human X chromosome. The distribution of allele frequencies was examined in 334 Japanese and 171 German individuals and a total of 36 alleles was detected in the two population groups. This STR polymorphism will be a useful marker for linkage analysis.

Alleles↗
PubMed2005

Petrobactin is the primary siderophore synthesized by Bacillus anthracis str. Sterne under conditions of iron starvation.

The siderophores of Bacillus anthracis are critical for the pathogen's proliferation and may be necessary for its virulence. Bacillus anthracis str. Sterne cells were cultured in iron free media and the siderophores produced were isolated and purified using a combination of XAD-2 resin, reverse-phase FPLC, and size exclusion chromatography. A combination of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy and ESI-MS/MS fragmentation were used to identify the primary siderophore as petrobactin, a catecholate species containing unusual 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate moieties, previously only identified in extracts of Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus. A secondary siderophore was observed and structural analysis of this species is consistent with that reported for bacillibactin, a siderophore observed in many species of bacilli. This is the first structural characterization of a siderophore from B. anthracis, as well as the first characterization of a 3,4-DHB containing catecholate in a pathogen.

Bacillus anthracis↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of the complete sequence of the str operon in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli.

The nucleotide (nt) sequences of the str operon in Escherichia coli K-12 and Salmonella typhimurium LT2 were completed and compared at the nt and amino acid (aa) level. The order of conservation at the nt and aa level is rpsL greater than tufA greater than rpsG greater than f usA. A striking difference is that the rpsG-encoded ribosomal protein, S7, in E. coli K-12 is 23 aa longer than in S. typhimurium. The very low (0.18) codon adaptation index of this part of the E. coli K-12-encoding gene and the unusual stop codon (UGA) suggest that this is a relatively recent extension. A trend towards a higher G+C content in fusA (gene encoding elongation factor (EF)-G) and tufA (gene encoding EF-Tu) in S. typhimurium is noted. In fusA, nt substitutions at all three positions in a codon occur at a much higher frequency than expected from the number of nt substitutions in the gene, assuming they are random and independent events. An analysis of substitutions in this and other genes suggests that the triple substitutions in fusA, and some other genes, are the result of the sequential accumulation of individual mutations, probably driven by selection pressure for particular codons or aa.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

High sensitive DNA typing approaches for the analysis of forensic evidence: comparison of nested variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) amplification and a short tandem repeats (STR) polymorphism.

The approach of using nested primers for the APO B variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) increases the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to single cell level. Different experiments and a comparison to the short tandem repeats (STR) system VWA were carried out, to determine the applicability of this method to forensic samples. Nested amplification of the Apo B VNTR was affected by a strong tendency towards preferential amplification of the shorter alleles. This phenomenon was observed for DNA quantities as low as 100 pg and impaired, depending on the allele length, the results for mixed samples. As expected, VWA polymorphism showed less preferential amplification. The high sensitivity of both PCR systems is accompanied by an increased susceptibility to contamination. Using artificially contaminated bloodstains, the bloodstain genotype, the contamination or both genotypes could be found on one piece of evidence. Here a single analysis can lead to an incorrect result. Therefore a strategy for obtaining reliable results should consist of multiple stain extractions and the amplification of different stepped dilutions of the DNA solution.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

PCR typing of DNA fragments of the short tandem repeat (STR) system HUMTH01 in Danes and Greenland Eskimos.

DNA from the short tandem repeat (STR) system HUMTH01 was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by vertical electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels followed by silver staining. DNA samples from 100 unrelated Danes, 147 unrelated Greenland Eskimos, and 89 Danish mother/child pairs were analyzed. Significant differences were observed between the distribution of fragments ('alleles'), whereby allele number 7 was considerably more frequent in Eskimos (0.687) than in Danes (0.201). The distributions of HUMTH01 phenotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both the Eskimo and Danish populations. In the 89 Danish mother/child pairs, the segregation of the HUMTH01 genotypes was in accordance with the genetic model of co-dominant inheritance and no mutations were found. In a blind trial, DNA samples from 40 unrelated Danes were investigated by one of us in Copenhagen, at the FBI Forensic Science Research and Training Center (FSRTC), Quantico, and at the Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Münster, Germany. Concordant HUMTH01 types were found in 39 out of 40 individuals. The allele which led to discrepant typing results was assigned type 9.3 in two laboratories and type 10 in one laboratory.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Sequence determination of an allele ladder for the STR polymorphism at the CD4 locus and application of the ladder in testing an Austrian Caucasian population sample.

The short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphism at the CD4 locus, designated HUMCD4, was examined by PCR, native polyacrylamide electrophoresis and subsequent silver staining using an allelic ladder of eight distinguishable alleles occurring in an Austrian Caucasian population sample as a standard size marker. The ladder was produced by pooling equal concentrations of eluted, separately amplified and sequenced alleles, which were previously identified by their different electrophoretical migration. Components of the ladder are in regular intervals of five basepairs. Alleles 4 to 8 were designated according to the number of AAAAG repeat units. The four longer alleles 8' to 11 showed a stable A to G transition in one of the repeat units and were designated counting the AAAGG unit for a AAAAG. Allele 8' was not included in the ladder because it showed the same electrophoretic mobility as allele 8. This ladder proved to be a precise and reliable tool in the analysis of 600 chromosomes of the Austrian population. The population investigated showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.23).

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Validation of a frequency database for four STR loci for use in casework in the Strathclyde Police Forensic Science Laboratory.

Data for four STR loci have been collected from 400 samples taken from complainers and suspects encountered in casework at the Strathclyde Police Forensic Science Laboratory (SPFSL). This paper describes statistical testing which demonstrates that its use will provide operationally robust procedures. Comparisons made with data collected from other British samples confirmed no practical differences between the different frequency distributions. This work provides further confirmation of the reliability of the so-called "product rule' in estimating the frequency of multilocus genotypes in British forensic casework.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

A study of independence between STR and conventional blood type loci.

Blood samples from approximately 200 Scottish Caucasian individuals were typed at conventional loci (PGM, Gc and EAP) and also with a four locus STR multiplex. Tests of the data are described which demonstrate that the assumptions of between locus independence are robust for use in forensic casework.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1987

Whole body slotted tube resonator (STR) for proton NMR imaging at 2.0 Tesla.

Design principles of a whole body Slotted Tube Resonator (STR) RF coil are given and fabrication details of the RF coil for a 2.0 Tesla NMR imaging system are presented. Experimental study proved efficient operation of the coil at 2.0 Tesla field and indicated potential for the extension of the technique to the even higher fields.

Equipment Design↗