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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Oligonucleotide fingerprinting of isolates of Candida species other than C. albicans and of atypical Candida species from human immunodeficiency virus-positive and AIDS patients.

Oligonucleotide fingerprinting of genomic DNA from oral isolates of four different Candida species other than C. albicans and atypical chlamydospore-positive isolates from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals and AIDS patients was investigated as a means for differentiating between isolates within individual species. Oligonucleotides composed of simple repetitive sequence motifs, including (GACA)4, (GATA)4, (GGAT)4, (GTG)5, and (GT)8, all yielded fingerprints suitable for strain segregation of 8 C. tropicalis isolates, 12 Torulopsis (Candida) glabrata isolates, 8 atypical Candida isolates, and, except for (GATA)4, 2 C. krusei probe in turn and so generate several distinct DNA fingerprints of the same DNA sample. However, none of the probes yielded fingerprints suitable for strain segregation with three C. parapsilosis isolates. The (GATA)4 probe was also used to detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms among a genetically closely related group of atypical Candida isolates on primary isolation from an additional HIV-infected patient. These chlamydospore-positive atypical Candida isolates were sucrose positive, were of C. albicans serotype A, hybridized weakly with the C. albicans-specific mid-repeat sequence probe 27A, and yielded fingerprint profiles by random polymorphic DNA analysis that were distinct from those derived from C. albicans isolates. The C. stellatoidea ex-type strain NCPF 3108 was indistinguishable from the atypical Candida isolates in all these tests and also yielded an identical carbohydrate and nitrogen source assimilation profile by using the ID 32C yeast identification system.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Phylogenetic relationships among two species of golden monkey and three species of leaf monkey inferred from rDNA variation.

Restriction maps of rDNA repeats of five species of Colobinae and three outgroup taxa, Hylobates leucogenys, Macaca mulatta, and Macaca irus, were constructed using 15 restriction endonucleases and cloned 18S and 28S rRNA gene probes. The site variation between Rhinopithecus roxellana and Rhinopithecus bieti is comparable to that between Presbytis françoisi and Preshytis phayrei, implying that R. bieti is a valid species rather than a subspecies of R. roxellana. Phylogenetic analysis on the 47 informative sites supports the case for Rhinopithecus being an independent genus and closely related to Presbytis. Furthermore, branch lengths of the tree seem to support the hypothesis that the leaf monkeys share some ancestral traits as well as some automorphic characters.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Age-related changes in populations of aortic glycosaminoglycans: species with low affinity for plasma low-density lipoproteins, and not species with high affinity, are preferentially affected.

Glycosaminoglycans were extracted from the intima and media layers of normal human thoracic aortas from donors of different ages. The arterial segments were devoid of macroscopically visible lesions obtained from patients who had no clinically evident cardiovascular disease. Total glycosaminoglycan content increases during the first 40 years of life. Changes in the content of hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate are less noticeable. The content of chondroitin sulfate (mainly the 6-isomer) increases, whereas dermatan sulfate remains constant. Plasma LDL-affinity chromatography of dermatan sulfate+chondroitin 4/6-sulfate fractions allowed the separation of LDL high- and low-affinity glycosaminoglycan species. Remarkably, only glycosaminoglycan species with low affinity for plasma LDL increase with age in the disease-free areas of human thoracic aortas studied. These results suggest that age-related changes in glycosaminoglycan composition of the arterial wall do not contribute to increased deposition of plasma LDL. However, the alternative explanation that individuals with arterial glycosaminoglycans that avidly bind LDL would develop early and severe cardiovascular disease and would thus be excluded from our analysis cannot be ruled out.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cytogenetical studies on the genus Oryza. XIV. Intergeneric hybridizations between tetraploid Oryza species and diploid Leersia species.

Intergeneric hybrids involving Oryza punctata (2n = 48, BBCC) with Leersia tisseranti (2n = 24), O. punctata with L. perrieri (2n = 24), O. latifolia (2n = 48, CCDD) with L. tisseranti and O. latifolia with L. perrieri were produced at frequencies varying from 0.11% to 0.23% of the pollinated spikelets. Plant morphologies of the hybrids strongly resembled the tetraploid Oryza species. Five hybrids obtained from the four cross-combinations had the expected chromosome number of 2n = 36 (trihaploid) in the somatic cells. The average meiotic chromosome pairings per cell were 0.23II + 35.58I + 0.14(1)/2I (dividing univalent) for O. punctata x L. tisseranti; 0.11II + 35.51I + 0.22(1)/2I for O. punctata x L. perrieri; 0.17II + 35.63I + 0.11(1)/2I for O. latifolia x L. tisseranti; and 0.25II + 35.49I + 0.15(1)/2I for O. latifolia x L. perrieri. From these results, it seems that most of the bivalents observed at MI with a low frequency had originated from the autosyndetic association of the chromosomes of O. punctata or O. latifolia. The results described above suggest that there is no genomic relationship between the parental species in each cross combination.

Chromosomes↗
PubMed2005

Species of Gorgoderina (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) in Rana vaillanti and Rana cf. forreri (Anura: Ranidae) from Guanacaste, Costa Rica, including a description of a new species.

Gorgoderina parvicava, G. diaster, and G. megacetabularis n. sp. are reported inhabiting the urinary bladders of Rana vaillanti and R. cf. forreri from northwestern Costa Rica. Gorgoderina megacetabularis n. sp. differs from all other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters: small body size (2.78-3.17, mean 2.92 mm), sucker ratio (1:3.1-3.7), and by the presence of 2 compact, oval, unlobed vitelline masses. Redescription of G. diaster including previously undescribed details on the reproductive apparatus and morphometric data is provided. This is the first record of the 3 species of Gorgoderina in Costa Rica and is the first record of G. diaster in R. vaillanti and R. cf. forreri.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Eimeria species from the European pond turtle, Emys orbicularis (Reptilia: Testudines), in Galicia (NW Spain), with description of two new species.

Parasitological examination of feces from 44 Emys orbicularis from Galicia (NW Spain) revealed the presence of 2 new eimerian species, Eimeria gallaeciaensis sp. n. and E. emydis sp. n., as well as E. mitraria (Laveran and Mesnil, 1902) Doflein, 1909. Oocysts of E. gallaeciaensis n. sp. were found in 20 of 44 (45.4%) turtles and are subspherical to lightly ovoid-ellipsoid, 19.3 x 16.0 (17-22 x 15-18) microm, shape index 1.2 (1.1-1.3), with a smooth, single-layered wall. Micropyle and polar granule are absent, but an oocyst residuum is present. Sporocysts are ellipsoid, 9.7 x 5.1 (9-10 x 5-6) microm, shape index 1.9 (1.7-2.0), each with a sporocyst residuum and a conical Stieda body usually bearing 1-4 short and thin projections. Oocysts of E. emydis n. sp. were found in the feces of 5 of 44 (11.4%) turtles and are ovoid, rarely pear-shaped, 22.6 x 17.0 (20-25 x 15.5-18) microm, shape index 1.3 (1.2-1.5), with a smooth, single-layered wall with a slight thinning at the pointed end. Micropyle and polar granule are absent, and an oocyst residuum is present. Sporocysts are ellipsoid, 11.4 x 6.0 (9-13 x 5-7) microm, shape index 1.9 (1.6-2.2), each with sporocyst residuum and a prominent Stieda body bearing 3-5 club-shaped projections. In addition to the new species described, this is the first report of E. mitraria parasitizing E. orbicularis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Polymerase chain reaction assay to identify all immature stages of two species of the Anopheles quadrimaculatus sibling species complex (Diptera: Culicidae).

A polymerase chain reaction assay that detects differences in the 2nd internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA was tested as a means to identify all immature stages of 2 species in the Anopheles quadrimaculatus sibling species complex. The technique was successful in amplifying DNA from eggs, 1st-4th instars, and pupae of An. quadrilmaculatus Say and An. inundatus Reinert.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Ontogenetic wood anatomy of tree and subtree species of Nepalese Rhododendron (Ericaceae) and characterization of shrub species.

Ontogenetic trends in the wood structure of Nepalese Rhododendron were studied in 15 specimens of two tree and four subtree species. Average growth ring width was constant from pith to bark in spite of occurrences of extremely narrow, false, or discontinuous rings. Vessel density, vessel area, vessel element length, and multiseriate ray height generally had an initial increase or decrease to 1.5 cm radius and near plateau or slight decrease or increase outward. Multiseriate ray density and area percentage were variable between specimens without a clear pattern. Ontogenetic trends from pith to fully mature wood in trees plus subtrees were inferred by treating the measurements in the present study with those of mature individuals in a previous study. Comparison of trends in trees plus subtrees and those in shrubs lead to ecological or systematic groupings. Vessel features showed that alpine shrub species have distinctly small, numerous vessels composed of short vessel elements. Multiseriate ray features indicated a systematic difference between the trees plus subtrees of subgenus Hymenanthes and the shrubs of subgenus Rhododendron. Vessel features of alpine shrubs may be an adaptation against frequent freeze-thaw cycles or the result of growth stress imposed by the severe alpine environment.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

[Cytogenetic study of six species or sub-species of mangabeys monkeys (Papiinae, Cercopithecidae) (author's transl)].

Chromosome banding patterns of six Mangabey species or sub-species are studied and compared. By comparison with the other Papiinae previously studied (Papio and Macaca) Lophocebus albigena and L. aterrimus possess very similar karyotypes, differing a most by a pericentric inversion of the Y chromosome. The other four, Cercocebus torquatus torquatus, C. t. fuliginosus, C. galeritus galeritus and C. g. chrysogaster differ by a complex rearrangement of chromosome no. 10 and by acquisition of heterochromatin on chromosome no 12. No difference was detected nor between the two Lophocebus nor between the four Cercocebus. Cytogenetic criteria age thus in agreement with the morphological, immunological and hematological data, separating the two genuses, and placing Lophocebus closer to the Papio and Macaca than to Cercocebus.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Fasciola immature stages sought in Lymnaea species and Biomphalaria species in the water bodies of Dakahlia Governorate.

Examination of the five different water bodies in Dakahlia governorate, revealed four species of Lymnaea. These were L. natalensis (68.4%). L. truncatula (16%), L. stagnalis (12.2%) and L. columella (3.4%). Also, two species of Biomphalaria were recovered. These were B. alexandrina (54.7%) and B. glabrata (45.3%). Examination of all these snails showed natural infection with immature stages of Fasciola sp. in 5.5% of L. natalensis (= cailliaudi), 3.1% in L. truncatula and 0.67% in B. alexandrina. The importance of these snails in dissemination and spreading of fascioliasis was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A short revision of the species group Pegomya acklandi, with description of a new species (Anthomyiidae, Diptera)].

A key to 1 Japanese and 18 Chinese species of the Pegomya acklandi group, including 1 new species, is given below: 1(4) Apical border of the lateral lobe of 5th sternite with an angular notch. 2(3) Hairs on the basal part of surstylus rather thick and numerous; inner side of the twig of surstylus with a tubercle; apex of postgonite hook-like. ... Pegomya densipilosa Li et Deng, 1984. 3(2) Basal part of surstylus with sparse hairs; postgonite bluntly rounded at the apex ... P. rhagolobos Li et Deng, 1984. 4(1) No angular notch on the apical border of the lateral lobe of 5th sternite. 5(10) Aedeagus of fork type. 6(9) Lateral lobe of the 5th sternite with an arch of long setae. 7(8) Arch of long setae of the lateral lobe of 5th sternite in 2 rows and the apex extremely expanded; acrophallus with a hook bent to the paraphallus at the distal end; A3 twice as long as its width ... P. semiannula Li et Deng, 1984. 8(7) Lateral lobe of 5th sternite cone-shaped; acrophallus pointed apically and slightly curved; A3 as long as its width ... P. laterisetiata Deng et Li, 1988. 9(6) Setae on the lateral lobe of 5th sternite rather sparse and short; a strong seta behind the cerca; acrophallus with a small hook at the distal end; A3 as long as its width ... P. unimediseta Deng et Li, 1988.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNA genes of polyploid species of wheat and Aegilops species].

Primary structures of 5S rRNA genes and of non-transcribed spacers between them were determined in families of 5S DNA repeats 420 and 500 b.p. long in 8 wheat and Aegilops species. The high conservatism of sequences coding for 5S rRNA, 3'- and 5'-ends of non-transcribed spacers was shown not to depend on the evolutional position, ploidy level and genomic composition of species. The activity of transcription of 5S rRNA cloned genes was determined in vitro. The functional heterogeneity was revealed in each family of repeats due to the existence of exchanges of separate nucleotides within the internal transcription control region. A greater deficiency of CpG dinucleotide was revealed in 5S rRNA genes than in non-transcribed spacers.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Species of the genus Papio (Cercopithecidae, primates) as subjects of biomedical research: II. Quantitative characteristics of contemporary use of baboon species in medical and biological investigations.

Independence of the five Papio species is evaluated. Baboons appear to be more similar to man than are other monkey species, which makes them a desirable model for use in experimental research to approximate human health conditions. They are, however, used less widely than macaques. Publications on baboons account for 10.3% of literature on the use of primates in experimental research. Baboons were most intensively used in surgery, then in hematology, cardiology, endocrinology. They were most rarely used in stomatology and in studies on infectious diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pictorial keys to the main species and species groups within the Simulium damnosum Theobald complex occurring in West Africa (Diptera: Simuliidae).

The purpose of this paper is to provide a relatively simple means for recognizing the six main vector species or species groups of the Simulium damnosum Theobald complex that can be distinguished primarily to assist non-specialists, technicians and field personnel who have to handle many specimens in a relatively short period of time.

Africa, Western↗
PubMed1998

Helminths of two native frog species (Rana chiricahuensis, Rana yavapaiensis) and one introduced frog species (Rana catesbeiana) (Ranidae) from Arizona.

The gastrointestinal tracts, lungs, urinary bladders, and body cavities of Rana catesbeiana (n = 25), Rana chiricahuensis (n = 25), and Rana yavapaiensis (N = 37) from Arizona were examined for helminths. Helminths representing 9 species of trematodes: Cephalogonimus brevicirrus, Glypthelmins quieta, Gorgoderina attenuata, Haematoloechus complexus, Haematoloechus langiplexus, Megalodiscus temperatus, Alaria sp., Clinostomum sp., and an unidentified strigeid; and 4 species of nematodes: Falcaustra catesbeianae, Rhabdias ranae, Physaloptera sp., and an unidentified ascarid were found. The helminth fauna of introduced R. catesbeiana differed markedly from that of native ranids. Helminths of R. chiricahuensis and R. yavapaiensis represent new host records. Arizona is a new locality record for C. brevicirrus, G. attenuata, H. complexus, H. longiplexus, M. temperatus, and R. ranae.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Species of Myxobolus (Myxozoa) from the bulbus arteriosus of centrarchid fishes in North America, with a description of two new species.

Three species of Myxobolus (Myxozoa, Myxosporea) occur in heart tissue of centrarchids. Myxobolus paralintoni Li and Desser, 1985 from Lepomis gibbosus in Algonquin Park and in Lake Erie, Ontario, has subcircular spores (in plane of spore length) in frontal view (11-13 microm long, 9-10 microm wide, and 5 microm thick) with a width-to-length ratio of 1:1.2. Myxobolus jollimorei n. sp. from Lepomis macrochirus in Lake Erie and in the Pascagoula River System, Mississippi, has subcircular spores (in plane of spore width) in frontal view (10.0-11.5 microm long, 12.0-14.5 microm wide, and 6.5-8.0 microm thick) with a width-to-length ratio of 1:0.8. Myxobolus manueli n. sp. from Pomoxis nigromaculatus in Lake Erie has spores (10-11 microm long, 8-10 microm wide, and 6.5-7.0 microm thick) that are nearly circular in frontal view but that have 2 distinct sublateral knobs along the sutural ridge and a width-to-length ratio of 1:1.2. All 3 species occur in the bulbus arteriosus of their hosts where they form small, saucer-shaped pseudocysts. Free spores were found free in the lumen of the heart and bulbus arteriosus, in bile, and in kidney tissue presses.

Animals↗