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PubMed1997

Occupational physical activity and long-term risk of musculoskeletal symptoms: a national survey of post office pensioners.

The objective of this work was to address the relationship between physical activity in the workplace and subsequent musculoskeletal pain syndromes. We performed a survey of 5,042 men and women aged 70-75 years, selected from the retirement population of a large national employer (the post office). Subjects were sent a short postal questionnaire enquiring about all occupations held for at least 1 year, the physical activities performed in those jobs, and about recent rheumatic symptoms. The 1-month period prevalence of rheumatic symptoms ranged from 19.9% for hip pain or stiffness in men to 50% for knee pain or stiffness in women. Symptoms were more common in women than men at all sites and there were significant (P < 0.001) associations between symptoms at different sites. Obesity was significantly (P < 0.001) associated with the risk of pain or stiffness at the knee and hip. Prolonged occupational exposure (20+ years) to heavy lifting was associated with hip pain (RR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.2-1.8); and prolonged exposure to working with arms elevated was associated with an increased risk of shoulder pain (RR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.2-1.6). Tall stature (P = 0.003) and heavy lifting (P < 0.001) were both associated with increased risks of low back pain among men. This survey confirms the high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms observed in previous population-based studies. Associations between occupational activities and musculoskeletal symptoms were specific for activity type and skeletal site involved. Our results imply that the adverse effects of these occupational activities can be found many years after cessation of exposure.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Evolution of disability in late 19th century America: Civil War pensions for Union Army veterans with musculoskeletal conditions.

This article examines the evolution of musculoskeletal (MSK) disability and its impact on mortality and work patterns in the late 19th century in America, in the context of the Civil War disability policy scheme. The study was conducted on 17,702 Union Army (UA) Civil War veterans. Of these, 10,789 were examined and diagnosed with major MSK conditions, rheumatism, sciatica, and spinal curvature, between 1862 and 1907. Analyses examine MSK (i) prevalence rates by birth cohort and age group; (ii) fatality rates as compared with other disabilities; (iii) risk rates by occupation type; and (iv) lifespan for MSK patients. MSK conditions are commonly claimed disabilities within the Civil War data set, with prevalence rates increasing with age. Regression studies show that working in clerical and professional (relative to manual labor) occupations decreases the likelihood of being examined for and diagnosed with MSK conditions. MSK patients examined at older ages tended to have longer lifespan than those examined at younger ages. The findings suggest that changes in age, environmental, and occupational conditions during the late 19th century affected MSK condition prevalence and the average lifespan of MSK patients. Implications for contemporary disability policy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

Factors associated with receipt of pension and compensation benefits for homeless veterans in the VBA/VHA Homeless Outreach Initiative.

Public support payments may facilitate exit from homelessness for persons with mental illness. We examined data from 10,641 homeless veterans contacted from October 1, 1995 to September 30, 2002 in a collaborative outreach program designed to facilitate access to Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) disability benefits. Those who were awarded benefits (22% of contacted veterans) were more likely to report disability, poor to fair self-rated health, and were more likely to have used VA services in the past. Thus, this program achieved only modest success and was most successful with veterans who were already receiving VA services and who might have received benefits even without the outreach effort.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Provision of dental pensions.

Compulsory financial commitments are seldom popular. Once one such expenditure, which has been required spending for those working in the NHS for up to 40 years, becomes no longer mandatory, it is hardly surprising that those who are suddenly presented with an opportunity to reconsider their position should seek to explore the alternatives. Indeed, it is wise to do so.

Economics, Dental↗
PubMed1993

The intake of nutrients by hospitalized pensioners with chronic wounds.

Three issues concerning nutrition in hospital are frequently highlighted in nursing literature: the risk of elderly patients becoming malnourished, the lack of adequate nutritional care provided by nurses and the importance of certain nutrients in the process of wound healing. This detailed study of seven subjects on care of the elderly wards examined their intake of certain important nutrients. The findings are discussed in relation to the Department of Health's Estimated Average Requirements (1991) and the achievement of an optimum wound healing environment. The results add further to the evidence that many patients do not consume sufficient levels of nutrients and in some cases did not even receive adequate quantities of these nutrients on their plates. Nurses' nutritional care was limited in most cases and no subjects received an optimum nutritional environment for wound healing.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physical impairments and comorbidities in a sample of members of a pension fund of blue-collar workers suffering from severe low back pain].

AIM: Idiopathic (unspecific) low back pain is the most common rheumatological complaint. Results of international studies give evidence that in about 80 % of the cases a specific diagnosis is not possible, thus creating an unsatisfactory situation for the orthopaedist. We feel that it is necessary to keep the discussion on the rate of specific causes for low back pain open. METHODS: In the context of a research project on the need for rehabilitation, 335 subjects suffering from severe low back pain were subjected to a physical (orthopaedic-neurological) examination. Also, a questionnaire was distributed assessing psychological status, work situation, comorbid conditions, risk factors, and demography. RESULTS: In more than half of the subjects, clues for a specific cause for the back pain were found; in more than one third of the cases there were one or more neurological signs. CONCLUSION: The data presented demonstrate that specific causes for low back pain might be more common than generally assumed. This leads us to the conclusion that there is a need for more clinically-oriented, population-based (epidemiological) research on possible pathologic causes of low back pain and comorbid conditions.

Adult↗