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PubMedDate not supplied

[Expansive development of the French regulation of the genetic print files after the recent reforms (Part I)].

French regulations related to "genetic prints" and its later incorporation to an automatized file in the frame of the penal process, initially deserved (1998) a positive judgement due to the guarantees surrounding such techniques, considering that with its use an interference was made with the freedom and rights of the individual. This primary regulation is watching a legislative evolution that brings serious doubts about the current guarantee system. A couple of legal reforms with security as their main axis (2001 and 2003) give more importance to the "genetic print" file by extending the causes in which it starts functioning going against the proportionality that must be observed when freedoms and rights of the individual can be affected.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed2005

Understand the "fine print" when selecting the correct codes for patient admissions from clinic to hospital.

How should a physician code and bill for services when a patient is seen in the clinic and then is directly admitted to the hospital? The correct answer is not as straightforward as it might at first seem because of needing to understand what amounts to the "fine print" in the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) book code description. It also depends on whether or not the physician subsequently had face-to-face contact with the patient in the hospital. According to the CPT book, "When the patient is admitted to the hospital as an inpatient in the course of an encounter in another site of service (e.g. physician's office) all evaluation and management services (E/M) provided by that physician in conjunction with that admission are considered part of the initial hospital care when performed on the same date as the admission. The inpatient care level of service reported by the admitting physician should include the services related to the admission s/he provided in the other sites of service as well as in the inpatient setting." At first, this wording could lead physicians and coders to conclude that their only recourse is to "roll up" the level of service provided in the clinic with the additional documentation necessary to admit a patient to the hospital to determine the code for "Initial Hospital Care", CPT 99221-99223. However, it has been noted that the description in the CPT book under initial hospital care has "fine print" in the statement the "codes are used to report the first hospital inpatient encounter with the patient by the admitting physician." "Encounter" is commonly understood to mean a "face to face" encounter between the physician and patient in the hospital setting. But, what if the physician does not go to the hospital to see the patient on the same date that s/he saw the patient in the clinic? Because a face to face encounter in the hospital did not occur, it would be inappropriate to use any of the "Initial Hospital Care" CPT 99221-99223 codes. Rather, the services of the clinic visit should be billed as "new" or "established" patient office visit on the date seen and the initial hospital service would be billed on a following date when the physician actually sees the patient in the hospital setting.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed2005

Examination of spur marks found on inkjet-printed documents.

In this paper, we propose the examination of spur mark evidence on inkjet-printed documents. Spur marks are tool marks created by the spur gears in the paper conveyance system of many inkjet printers. The relationship between printouts and printers were investigated by comparing the spur marks found on printed documents with reference spur marks sampled from known printers. The comparison was based on two characteristics of spur marks: pitch and mutual distance. These characteristics extracted the geometric features of spur marks and provided information on the type of spur gears and their location in the paper conveyance system. The spur marks on a printout matched the reference spur marks within three percent of the measured values. Spur marks were considered to be effective class characteristics to identify certain brands of inkjet printers since spur gears are used in many types of these machines.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Zero-based print journal collection development in a community teaching hospital library: planning for the future.

OBJECTIVES: The paper describes and evaluates the success of a zero-based collection development approach to print serials in a community teaching hospital. METHODS: The authors first assessed the environmental factors that would determine future needs of the medical library and its customers. Liaisons to various departments and constituencies were substantially involved in the data-gathering phase. Using newly defined collection parameters, a list of journals to consider was compiled and each journal was categorized justifying its inclusion. Any title not having a strong fit in at least one category was eliminated from further consideration. RESULTS: Overall, 21 subscriptions were cancelled and 34 were added. Despite a 15% increase in total subscription costs, mostly due to normal annual journal price increases, the average cost per journal went down from $344 to $327. Journal usage went up over 30%, interlibrary loan lending went down 25%, and borrowing went up 20%. CONCLUSION: As resources available to libraries decline, it becomes critical that collections and services are continually and systematically reviewed with a view to keeping them aligned with the mission of the organization, needs of the customers, and emerging trends. Zero-based collection development can be a valuable tool in bringing a print journal collection into closer alignment with the needs of library customers.

Budgets↗
PubMed1990

Antibiotic handbook and pre-printed perioperative order forms for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis: do they work?

The authors attempted to compare the value of two strategies--an educational (antibiotic handbook) and a control (perioperative pre-printed physician order form, which contained antibiotic orders)--in modifying physicians' patterns of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infection in patients who undergo elective surgery. They reviewed the charts of 240 such patients on five different surgical services in one teaching hospital. Use of the antibiotic handbook (educational strategy) increased overall compliance with the recommended regimens from 11% to 18% (p = 0.06). The control strategy (perioperative pre-printed physician order form) increased compliance from 17% to 78% (p less than 0.01).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Estimation of the printing preparations from the gingival pockets on the styrophlex straps with application of telemicroscopy].

Printing preparations from the gingival pockets coloured by means of Shorr's method and secretion of pocket fluid have been estimated in 33 patients before and after balneological treatment. A telemicroscope has been used to estimate the preparations. The preparations have been analyzed in the linear enlargement of 1500 times using a network consisting of 35 fields of the dimensions of 3 cm x 3 cm (20 microns x 20 microns in the preparation) marked on a monitor screen. It has been that the sample representative for the whole preparation is contained in the band lying along its centre long axis and it occupies 6.33% of the preparation surface. Correlation between the number of granulocytes and the number of fields with granulocytes and the height of the granulocytar infiltration and between the number of granulocytes in the printing preparation and the excretion of the pocket fluid has been demonstrated in patients before treatment.

Gingival Crevicular Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study of finger print patterns in leprosy.

Finger print patterns of 150 male leprosy patients (100 paucibacillary and 50 multibacillary leprosy) were compared with 50 matched controls. Significant differences were found in finger print patterns of multibacillary leprosy patients and controls. No differences in dermatoglyphic patterns were observed between paucibacillary leprosy and controls. The total finger ridge count (TFRC) in both types of leprosy was slightly lower than controls. A significant difference in individual finger ridge count on digit 1 of right hand was noted in paucibacillary leprosy cases as compared to controls.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phenotypical expression of finger print patterns, A hypothesis.

The finger print patterns (F.P.Ps.) were studied in 1120 healthy individuals of Bundelkhand region. It was found that the type of F.P.Ps. in one particular hand, is dependent upon the finger on which the pattern is manifested, and the specific print patter on the corresponding finger of the other hand. It is discussed that the phynotypical expression of F.P.P. is due to the interaction between various factors including the hypothetical 'F.P.P. Genes' among themselves and/or with the 'specific finger genes'.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1982

Instant color print photography in dermatology.

The use of instant color print photography in dermatology is explored and evaluated in this article. Recent advances in the technology of instant photography have made it possible for the creation of fast, accurate, clinical photographs by people with little experience or training. The Polaroid SX-70 Sonar camera with the CU-70 close-up kit is evaluated and compared to the Kodak instant close-up camera kit as marketed by the Lester A. Dine Company. The advantages and disadvantages of the two camera systems are presented. Techniques such as lighting, proper distance, and exposure are discussed with mention of the method of converting prints into slides. The many and varied applications of this modality are reviewed. Rapid, sharp, reproducible clinical photographs can now be obtained instantaneously by the busy clinician.

Dermatology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Construction of a system for the automatic design of printed-circuit boards for medical electronic apparatus].

The structure of the system for designing printed circuit boards based on such widely used technical equipment as minicomputers and unified-system computers, is discussed. The system allows one to carry out, in consecutive stages, the automation of the process of designing printed circuit boards and the technological provision for their manufacture. The principles of designing the boards on the basis of algorithms using the notion of channels and including the subdivision of the total circuit into separate structural units, the location of different elements in these units and their tracing are described in detail. The stage of making up the design documents and the control punch tapes containing the final stage of tracing correction with the output of the control data or a coordinatograph and numerically controlled machines is considered.

Automation↗
PubMed1994

PRINTS--a database of protein motif fingerprints.

PRINTS is a compendium of protein motif 'fingerprints'. A fingerprint is defined as a group of motifs excised from conserved regions of a sequence alignment, whose diagnostic power or potency is refined by iterative databasescanning (in this case the OWL composite sequence database). Generally, the motifs do not overlap, but are separated along a sequence, though they may be contiguous in 3D-space. The use of groups of independent, linearly- or spatially-distinct motifs allows protein folds and functionalities to be characterised more flexibly and powerfully than conventional single-component patterns or regular expressions. The current version of the database contains 200 entries (encoding 950 motifs), covering a wide range of globular and membrane proteins, modular polypeptides, and so on. The growth of the databaseis influenced by a number of factors; e.g. the use of multiple motifs; the maximisation of sequence information through iterative database scanning; and the fact that the database searched is a large composite. The information contained within PRINTS is distinct from, but complementary to the consensus expressions stored in the widely-used PROSITE dictionary of patterns.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Setting of a low price CCD camera on the view window of TEM for printing out electron diffraction patterns.

In order to print out electron diffraction patterns quickly, an industrial CCD camera is conveniently set on the view window of an electron microscope. Although the observed pattern on the camera is distorted since the view direction has an angle of 41.5 degrees from the normal of the screen, however, the printed pattern is successfully restored to the correct one by varying the aspect ratio from 3:4 for the CCD camera to 1:1 for the printer. Note that cos(41.5) = 3/4. The camera used has a sensitivity of 1 lux. The aperture ratio of the lens is F 1.4, and the focal length is 50 mm.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1976

[Late amaurotic familial idiocy with curvilinear bodies and finger prints. Report of a case studied using electron microscopy].

A case of late amaurotic family idiocy of "curvilinear bodies" and "finger prints" is presented. The patient was a .7 year-old non-Jewish boy with convulsions and mental deterioration. A male sibling died at age 12 with a similar picture and a younger brother is starting also with the same symptoms. Biopsy of the brain disclosed a PAS, Sudan black and oil red O positive granular material in the cytoplasm of a large population of cortical neurons. An electron microscopy study disclosed that the stored lipid was composed of masses of so-called "curvilinear bodies" and "finger prints". The same material was found within the cytoplasm of a ganglion cell as well as in endothelial cells of mucosa of the rectum obtained by biopsy. This new variety of amaurotic family idiocy does not occur in Jewish people and the stored lipid is not a ganglioside. It is emphasized that rectal biopsies, as well as the electronmicroscope are useful tools for a more precise diagnosis of the form of storage disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1998

Adapting the Biomek 2000 Laboratory Automation Workstation for printing DNA microarrays.

The Biomek 2000 Laboratory Automation Workstation is used for liquid handling and other repetitive operations in many laboratories. Since it has very good spatial positioning capabilities, we have modified this workstation to deliver samples at high densities onto microscope slides to produce DNA microarrays. The workstation tool, originally designed for bacterial colony replication, was adapted to carry special printing pins and was further modified to improve its positional accuracy. Software written in the Tool Command Language was concurrently developed to control the movements of the workstation arm during the process of printing. With these modifications, the workstation can reliably deliver individual samples at a spacing of 0.5 mm, corresponding to a total of more than 3000 samples on a single slide. Arrays prepared in this way were successfully tested in hybridization experiments.

Automation↗
PubMed1997

An analysis of breastfeeding print educational material.

An analysis was made of the print educational material given to postnatal women in twelve inner suburban maternity hospitals in Adelaide, South Australia. Readability of materials was assessed using the SMOG Reading Formula, scientific accuracy was assessed by comparison with current research literature and the presence of subtle negative messages was assessed using the recommendations of an earlier author in this field. Material was also assessed for the use of illustrations and evidence of sponsorship. Information was mostly accurate but there was a concerning presence of subtly negative breastfeeding messages. The reading level was higher than that of the general population and many items failed to use illustrations to explain the text. Further Australian research is needed in this area. Recommendations are provided for health workers who wish to produce and distribute print educational materials on breastfeeding.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2003

Cell and organ printing 1: protein and cell printers.

We have developed several devices for positioning organic molecules, molecular aggregates, cells, and single-cell organisms onto solid supports. These printers can create stable, functional protein arrays using an inexpensive technology. The cell printer allows us to create cell libraries as well as cellular assemblies that mimic their respective position in organs. The printers are derived from commercially available ink-jet printers that are modified to dispense protein or cell solutions instead of ink. We describe here the modifications to the print heads, and the printer hardware and software that enabled us to adapt the ink-jet printers for the manufacture of cell and protein arrays. The printers have the advantage of being fully automated and computer controlled, and allow for the high-throughput manufacture of protein and cell arrays.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Determination of 3,4-dimethylhippuric acid as a biological monitoring index for trimethylbenzene exposure in transfer printing workers.

The relationship between exposure to 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (1,2,4-TMB) and urinary concentration of 3,4-dimethylhippuric acid (3,4-DMHA), one of its metabolites, was studied in workers involved in transfer printing. Airborne TMBs were sampled by an organic vapor monitoring badge and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. Urinary 3,4-DMHA and creatinine were analyzed under the same conditions of high-performance liquid chromatography. The exposure concentration of 1,2,4-TMB among workers was around 25 ppm, the threshold limit value (TLV). The urinary concentration of 3,4-DMHA was low at the start of each shift and high at the end. Exposure to the TLV (25 ppm) of 1,2,4-TMB results in a urinary 3,4-DMHA concentration of 410 mg/g creatinine (r = 0.897, P < 0.001). Urinary 3,4-DMHA concentration could be used as a biological monitoring index for 1,2,4-TMB exposure.

Adult↗