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Results for “Multiphasic Screening”

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PubMed1977

Implementation of laboratory screening procedures on a short-term psychiatric inpatient unit.

A health maintenance screening procedure was done on blood and urine specimens on 636 patients admitted to short term adult psychiatric ward. The data obtained was assessed by laboratory test and by its effect on the subsequent work-up and diagnostic thinking about those patients who had unexpected abnormal findings. The overall incidence of unexpected abnormal tests was low (3.0%). Similarly the incidence of new disease found by these procedures was low (between 2.2% and 8.5%). In no case was an underlying medical cause for the mental disorder for which the patient was admitted detected by the screening procedure. The authors conclude that these routine blood and urine screening tests add very little to the care of psychiatric inpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Observation of statistics of screening for unruptured cerebral aneurysms in Tochigi prefecture].

Screening for unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA) is prevalent in Japan. To reveal the prevalence of UCAs found during screening, we collected data of the results in 1999, in Tochigi prefecture. In the prefecture, of which the population was about 2 million, 26 institutions had been established in 1999, and 5,222 persons had been screened. These corresponded to 0.26% of all inhabitants of Tochigi prefecture. Of the 26 institutions, 24 cooperated in this study, and data was collected for 4,961 persons. We investigated the prevalence of UCAs, and compared it with that of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in Japan using the existing statistics. The UCAs were found in 143 (2.9%) of the 4,961 cases, 69 men and 74 women, with a mean age of 59.2 years. The prevalence of UCAs at screening and the prevalence of SAH in Japan co-relate in that this prevalence increases with age in both UCAs and SAH. However, after the age of 75, the provalence of SAH decreases. People found with UCAs at screening were mainly in their 50's, but the member of those found with SAH increased gradually after that age. The rate of screening of women was lower than that of men, although both the prevalence of UCAs at screening and SAH of women is higher than that of men. We recommend that middle-aged persons, in their 40's and older, should request screening for UCAs.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Early detection of preschool health problems--role of perinatal risk factors.

To evaluate a perinatal risk-grouping system, 1 262 4-year-old children went through a comprehensive health examination. A total of 41.5% of the newborns were included in the wide criteria of risk, which were more common among boys and among children of the youngest and oldest mothers. Among the 4-year-old, the frequency of significant physical health problem was 15.8%, including 10.1% visual disturbances and 2% neurological disorders. In some combinations of risk groups and later health problems there were statistically significant correlations, e.g. regarding prematurity and cerebral irritation vs. cerebral palsy, but not sufficient to serve its purpose as a screening instrument. Even the accumulation of especially serious events in the perinatal period gave no clue to later neurological disorders. The addition of low socioeconomic status as a perinatal risk did not influence the outcome either. The reasons for the weak correlation between perinatal risk factors and later outcome of health disorders and handicaps are discussed, and it is concluded that to detect children with health problems, there seems to be no acceptable alternative to a comprehensive health surveillance as part of a general health service programme of all children, including clinical examinations and screening procedures by well trained personnel.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Integrated first- and second-trimester Down syndrome screening test among unaffected IVF pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to assess the profile of markers that constitute the integrated test and to measure its false-positive rates (FPR) among a preselected group of unaffected IVF pregnancies. These results were compared with the reference laboratory values that reflect the general obstetric population, which underwent the same investigative protocol. METHODS: Ninety-nine unaffected singletons from IVF-pregnant women and 1781 controls, all evaluated by the same laboratory, underwent a nondisclosure integrated Down syndrome screening test. This test comprised first-trimester nuchal translucency (NT) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) assessment, followed by a midgestation quadruple test. Only upon completion of the integrated screening test, the parturient women were informed of its results. RESULTS: The mean maternal age of the study and the control group was 32.2 +/- 4 and 30.4 +/- 4 years respectively (t-test <0.005). The marker levels were expressed as multiples of the gestation-specific normal medians. The IVF group had lower PAPP-A (0.78 vs 1.03, t-test P < 0.05) and higher NT (1.14 vs 1.01, t-test P < 0.05) values, respectively. All the other markers were similar for both groups. On the basis of the integrated test, a higher rate of IVF pregnancies were defined as being screen-positive (6.1% vs 3.7%), although the values did not reach a level of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Since NT alone yielded the same FPR as the integrated test, the option of various sonographic screening combinations in this group warrants further investigation.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of pediatric health by the Primary Health Insurance Fund (CPAM) of Paris: realization of multidisciplinary pediatric prevention].

Since 1970, the "Caisse Primaire d'Assurance Maladie de Paris" carries out free periodic health examinations of apparently healthy children aged 10 months, 2 years and 4 years. Routine medical check-up last 3.50 hours, and included 800 items recorded on computerized forms. Of the 15,000 children annually screened, 21% were found to be normal, and unsuspected medical diagnosis were made in 11,500 of these children (79%), despite one or more previous evaluations by a physician. Altogether 27,400 abnormalities were detected (mean: 2.2) with a high rate of missed diagnosis (87%). The majour risks of medical problems were, in the four-year age group: 1/ abnormal vision (32%) 2/ abnormal audiological examination (13%), 3/ abnormal behavior and delayed development test performance (22%), 4/ poor nutritional status, 43% being reported as iron-deficient anemic children. These results warrant the use of selected screening tests to determine the type of injuries amenable to future early preventive measures of Public Health.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2002

Feasibility of mobile cancer screening and prevention.

Many areas have high cancer mortality rates and medically underserved populations. This study describes the feasibility (acceptability and costs) of an urban multiphasic (multiple cancers) screening van. Feasibility was evaluated by literature review and informant interviews. Costs were estimated by resource use from urban mobile screening units; decision analysis estimated the costs per cancer detected for breast, cervix, colorectal, and prostate cancer screening. Acceptability of a multiphasic van varied by the informant's perspective. Feasibility and costs were most sensitive to four parameters: age, prior screening history, risk factors, and volume of simultaneous examinations. Subsidized mobile screening facilities may have the potential to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality if they target hard-to-reach underscreened groups, maintain high volume, coordinate with primary care providers, and build on an infrastructure that provides diagnostic and treatment services regardless of ability to pay. It is unclear whether the investment required will translate into a reasonable cost per year of life saved.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1992

Health promotion for older people.

Health promotion for older people, or preventive geriatrics, has the potential to transform people's lives by providing greater satisfaction and by reducing both physical and psychological ill health. General practitioners are key personnel in any health promotion programme but should, ideally, co-ordinate their activities with other health professionals. The basic tool for general practitioners is a screening programme for all older people and for people at special risk.

Activities of Daily Living↗