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PubMedDate not supplied

Internet protection basics for the medical office.

The increasingly frequent invasion of new computer viruses--some 500 new ones are discovered each month--has wreaked havoc in many large network systems. Medical office computers are vulnerable as well to significant corruption of files and interruption of access to important data. This article outlines basic steps that practices can follow to assure some minimum level of security. These include the importation and continuing use of scanning technologies and adherence to staff in-office protocols.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed1998

Modeling and performance analysis of image transfer in PACS.

Performance simulation plays an important role in the design of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS). This paper presents simulation models of a PACS in a context of outpatient clinical workflow. Models, which are discussed focusing on shared facilities are resources of the system, consist of two levels. One is the workflow level and the other is the physical level. Patients medical staffs and images are picked up as the important system resources in the workflow level. A network, hard disks and network interface buffers of PACS components are mainly described in the physical level. Models are described with Petri Nets in both levels. Two examples of performance evaluation are also presented. Both of them estimate transfer time of computed radiology images for outpatient consultation. In the first example, both the data transfer rate of hard disks and network speed are varied under fixed system loads. While in the second example, system loads are varied against given system components. From the simulation results, following points are summarized. If physicians want to get a set of images in 5 seconds, both high performance hard disks or disk arrays and high speed network such as 100 Mbps networks are required. And it is effective for high speed network to be used in the acquisition phase. If we have to use the Ethernet and ordinary workstations, the PACS should be used in a single clinic. In conclusion this modeling method makes models simple and is quite useful for the performance evaluation of PACS in the early design phase.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed2002

Towards a bioinformatics network for Latin America and the Caribbean (LACBioNet).

Bioinformatics is increasingly recognised as a crucial field for research and development in the biological sciences, and forms an integral part of genomics, proteomics and modern biotechnology. Worldwide participation is important, and scientists in developing countries can contribute to this field. Regional networks for bioinformatics are highly beneficial for capacity strengthening and cooperation, and for establishing productive interactions between scientists in the fields of biological and informatics sciences. Such a network (LACBioNet) is being organised for Latin America and the Caribbean. Its immediate goals include the organisation and extension of nodes and services, information and communication, research and development in different specialty fields of bioinformatics, and training and human resource development.

Caribbean Region↗
PubMed2004

Putting technology in place successfully.

BACKGROUND: This article discusses how to integrate clinical and administrative workstations into your dental practice from the planning phase to the implementation phase. The author discusses the costs that are associated with integrating technology, as well as the hardware components and configuration. He then discusses in greater detail the core clinical technologies and how they tie in together to facilitate building a cohesive digital patient record. CONCLUSIONS: There are no shortcuts to successfully integrating technology into a dental practice. A significant commitment of time, energy and money is a prerequisite to building a secure and reliable computer network that incorporates all clinical and administrative applications. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Technology is reinventing the world, and dentists need to keep pace with the people they serve. These new and not-so-new technologies will enhance dental services and productivity, which ultimately will raise the bar for the standard of care in dentistry.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1987

A research tool for general practitioners.

In this paper a research tool for general practitioners is described, that will be used in a network of community-based primary care practices in order to collect the necessary data for research purpose. The research tool is coupled to a commercial information system for general practitioners. The research tool supports coding strongly. The way in which the research tool is designed is described and examples of the use of windowing techniques are given.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1998

Digital networking and archiving with ACOM T.O.P.

The international DICOM 3 standard for a single patient record exchange media (CD-R) provided the necessary definition for digital recording and distribution of cardiac angiographic patient data. The medical industry developed archive and review stations that allow the replacement of the 35 mm cine film. SIEMENS launched ACOM. T.O.P. in late 1995. The benefits and technical solution are presented in this paper. Today, the solution for networked real-time image data distribution within the hospital has become reality. Further integration of hemodynamic data, connectivity of hospital information systems, easy access and distribution of such high volume data from and to remote locations is well under way. ACOM. net is used as an example for the realization of commercial products to fulfill the demands of cardiologist and hospital administrators.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1998

Managing care in an integrated delivery system via an Intranet.

The CareGroup Provider Service Network is a managed care contracting organization which provides central administrative services for over 1800 physicians and 200,000 managed care lives. Services include utilization management, disease management and credentialing for the entire network. The management model of the Provider Service Network empowers local physician groups with information and education. To meet the managed care information needs of the network, we implemented an intranet-based executive information system, PSNWeb, which retrieves data from a managed care data warehouse. The project required the integration of diverse technologies and development of a complex security/confidentiality infrastructure to deliver information to 8 major clinician groups, each with different information needs.

Computer Security↗
PubMed1991

BioSYNTHESIS: access to a knowledge network of health sciences databases.

Users of the IAIMS Knowledge Network at the Georgetown University Medical Center have access to multiple in-house and external databases from a single point of entry through BioSYNTHESIS. The IAIMS project has developed a rich environment of biomedical information resources that represent a medical decision support system for campus physicians and students. The BioSYNTHESIS system is an information navigator that provides transparent access to a Knowledge Network of over a dozen databases. These multiple health sciences databases consist of bibliographic, informational, diagnostic, and research systems which reside on diverse computers such as DEC VAXs, SUN 490, AT&T 3B2s, Macintoshes, IBM PC/PS2s and the AT&T ISN and SYTEK network systems. Ethernet and TCP/IP protocols are used in the network architecture. BioSYNTHESIS also provides network links to the other campus libraries and to external institutions. As additional knowledge resources and technological advances have become available. BioSYNTHESIS has evolved from a two phase to a three phase program. Major components of the system including recent achievements and future plans are described.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A network-based prototype for interactive telemedicine & automated management of distributed, clinical databases.

A network-based prototype has been developed to automate the process of generating and maintaining distributed databases of medical images and clinical reports, and for conducting interactive consultation among disparate clinical and research sites irrespective of the architecture of interacting computers. Pathologists routinely interpret gross and microscopic specimens to tender diagnoses and to engage in a broad spectrum of research. This assessment process leads to clinical decisions often limited by time constraints and by the availability of local expertise. Consultation with peers at other institutions is typically achieved by direct transfer of slides rather than images. A network of heterogeneous computer platforms, graphical user interfaces, and operating systems was established to test the performance of the software. Clinical diagnoses rendered by pathologists using the prototypical system and software were consistent with those reported two years earlier using conventional light microscopy in more than 97% of the cases studied.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1992

Patient discharge referral: interdisciplinary collaboration.

The INFORMM (Information Network For Online Retrieval & Medical Management) patient discharge referral form is interdisciplinary in scope. The initial automated form, implemented on 41 general inpatient care units as of December, 1991, involved the collaboration of the departments of Nursing, Social Services, Medical Records, and Patient Registration. As development proceeds, it is expected that other clinical disciplines will contribute additional data and information to augment and complement the content of the patient discharge referral form.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed1998

Intranets: virtual procedure manuals for the pathology lab.

A novel system exists for replacing standard written operation manuals using a computerized PC-based peer-to-peer network. The system design is based on commonly available hardware and software and utilizes existing equipment to minimize implementation expense. The system is relatively easy to implement and maintain, involves minimal training, and should quickly become a financial asset. In addition, such a system can improve access to laboratory procedure manuals so that resources can be better used on a daily basis.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1995

CLINT: a clinical informatics system for an internal medicine ward.

This paper describes a clinical informatics system that provides access to electronic information management tools for clinicians. The Clinical Informatics Network (CLINT) provides a variety of tools for accessing information on an internal medicine ward. Evaluations based on the use of the tools will provide insight to clinicians' information needs, and how these needs can be addressed using electronic information management tools. Better access to information could enhance the quality of patient care.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Filmless digital radiology--feasibility and 20 month experience in clinical routine.

We present the clinical experiences of PACS based on 20 months routine operation of the first filmless radiology department worldwide. PACS planning and implementation strategies for potential vendors are discussed. The actual implementation status of this major teaching hospital with currently 560 acute-care beds comprises three computed radiography systems, five digital fluoroscopic units, eight ultrasound machines, five mobile units, three angio suites and two CT's interconnected with a PACS, a RIS, which is coupled with three voice-recognition systems for report generation during nights, and a HIS. Primary diagnosis is performed on 16 workstations with two to six high-resolution, high-contrast monitors. Twenty-six peripheral viewing stations provide image display on the wards and in outpatient clinics. During the first 20 months 586.047 images have been acquired, resulting in 1.3 Tbyte of data stored on optical disks. Currently the daily data production is 5-6 Gbyte, the network traffic 15-18 Gbyte. Benefits of PACS primarily are reliable access to image information, speeding up report cycle time, which contributes to the reduction of the average patient length of stay (LOS). The LOS in our hospital is the shortest (6.4 days) of all Austrian hospitals. So it may be stated that PACS improves the quality of health care.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1992

A path to integration in an academic health science center.

This article describes a networking and integration strategy in use at the University of Michigan Medical Center. This strategy builds upon the existing technology base and is designed to provide a roadmap that will direct short-term development along a productive, long-term path. It offers a way to permit the short-term development of incremental solutions to current problems while at the same time maximizing the likelihood that these incremental efforts can be recycled into a more comprehensive approach.

Integrated Advanced Information Management Systems↗
PubMed1988

Building bridges: LIS-IAIMS-BioSYNTHESIS.

Recent progress in library automation and networking is redefining the library's traditional role. The Georgetown University Medical Center Library, developer of the Library Information System (LIS), has been involved in automation for nearly a decade, and was one of the first institutions to receive an NLMIAMS grant. The two projects have evolved together. New LIS modules, such as Document Delivery and the ALERTS/CURRENT CONTENTS Search System, have been designed in a reciprocal LIS/IAIMS environment. BioSYNTHESIS, a current IAIMS research project, is a prototype information tool for tomorrow.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1998

Parallel implementations of individual-based models in biology: bulletin- and non-bulletin-board approaches.

Particle-based models are simulations in which the discrete representation of physical phenomenon involves interacting particles. This paper studies the efficiency of two different methods of implementing these models on a network of UNIX workstations. Two data parallel methods of modeling particles are tested: bulletin-board and non-bulletin-board. In the former method, the programs communicate through a logically shared, associative memory called a bulletin-board. The simulated particles are distributed among the workstations dynamically as the processing load on the processors changes. In the latter method, the particles are divided amongst the networked workstations statically at load time. The simulated system is a collection of ants moving and foraging in a two-dimensional space. This paper analyzes and compares the execution times of both implementations for different combinations of particles and number of workstation, using speed-up, tuple granularity and communication cost as measures. Analysis shows that the bulletin-board method is better for particle-based simulations when the correct granularity is chosen.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

PACS clinical experience at Georgetown University.

Georgetown University Hospital has been operating an image management and communications system (IMACS or PACS) for three-and-a-half years. This work was initially funded under the Army Medical Research and Development Command Digital Imaging Network Systems (DINS) project. The system was taken from a research system supporting only radiology tasks to one extended to clinical use, and has been used in clinical work for two-and-a-half years. This paper will summarize our PACS clinical experience and will describe the operational features implemented and those still necessary.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1996

M3S: the local network for electric wheelchairs and rehabilitation equipment.

M3S is an open electric network standard for connecting rehabilitation equipment, especially electric modules in a wheelchair. It provides bidirectional communication at 250 kbaud via a CAN bus and extra safety lines for "Dead Man's Switch" and a TURN ON key. In an M3S system, the same input device may be used for controlling many different output devices in different operating modes. It provides flexible configuration tools for adapting the system for the individual user. M3S has been demonstrated and tested in more than ten different European development projects.

Electricity↗