[Congenital fiber-type disproportion and fixed lumbar lordosis].
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Trunk flexion-extension is accomplished with pelvic and thoracic rotation in the sagittal plane and a smooth coordination of lumbar vertebral translation and rotation. Several systems exist that measure gross trunk movements, but they typically do not track changes in lumbar arc length or curvature. A method for dynamic measurement of changes in lumbar arc length that uses a lordosimeter is presented. A static validation study of postures showed that the measurements are repeatable and compare favorably with a standard measure of lumbar curvature. In a dynamic validation study of a lifting task with a 23-kg load, the measurement method was highly correlated with thoracic and pelvic angular displacement. A discussion of the utility of this measure in biomechanical modeling is presented. A clinical or field version of the lordosimeter is also described.
Two lordotic angles were measured on roentgenograms of 973 adults in a prospective and retrospective review. The majority of the films were taken because of lumbar complaints. The mean lumbosacral (LS) angle (L2-Sacrum) was 45.05 degrees +/- .85 degrees. The mean lumbolumbar (LL) angle (L2-L5) was 29.96 degrees +/- .74 degrees. Only minor differences were found between a standardized (prospective) and a nonstandardized (retrospective) group. There was a statistically significant difference between men and women with both LS and LL angles, but no racial differences were observed. A "routine" supine lateral lumbar spine roentgenogram is a very accurate means of measuring lordotic angles. A lordotic angle of less than 23 degrees defines hypolordosis and more than 68 degrees, hyperlordosis.
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