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PubMedDate not supplied

Homeless children.

Homeless children are an "invisible" population within our community. A review is provided of the economic, social, medical and dental conditions of these children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Court intervention to address the mental health needs of mentally ill offenders.

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the outcomes of mental health consultation provided to a municipal court and the court's resulting interventions for mentally ill persons who committed minor crimes. One aim of the consultation program was to avoid criminalization of mentally ill people who committed minor offenses. METHODS: Clinical and forensic records of 96 persons charged with misdemeanors and referred to a clinical psychologist court consultant for evaluation were studied. Determination of good versus poor outcome during a one-year follow-up period was based on clients' status during the year after the court's disposition. Poor outcome was defined as the occurrence of one or more of four events during the follow-up year: psychiatric hospitalization, arrest, significant physical violence against persons, and homelessness. RESULTS: Fifty-six defendants (58 percent) were mandated to receive judicially monitored mental health treatment, as recommended by the psychologist court consultant, and 33 of them (59 percent) had a good one-year outcome. The relationship was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Nonclinicians in the criminal justice system should have psychiatric assistance in making appropriate dispositions for mentally ill persons. If the judge is considering mental health treatment as a condition for eliminating or reducing punishment, then, to the extent justified by the law and the nature of the offense, the judge should both mandate and monitor the treatment on an ongoing basis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Perspectives and experiences of homeless young people.

AIM: This paper reports a study describing the experiences and perspectives of homeless young people as research participants. BACKGROUND: Worldwide, homeless young people are an especially vulnerable group due to their age, socio-economic disadvantage, and stigmatized status, and can suffer from human rights abuses. Researchers and advocates have noted that we know relatively little about the effects of research participation on adolescents in general, and much less about marginalized adolescents such as homeless young people; nor do we know about their perceptions and experiences as research participants. There is a lack of studies reported to help guide the ethical conduct of research with homeless young people. METHODS: Individual interviews with 30 street and clinic-based homeless young people aged 15-23 years and two focus groups with a total of 13 additional homeless young people were conducted in a large West-coast city in the United States of America. The study took place between January and June 2003. Interviews and focus groups were tape-recorded, transcribed, preliminarily coded, with final coding crosschecked and verified with a second researcher. FINDINGS: The majority of young people reported positive experiences as research participants in the past. None reported coercive research experiences; however, many stated that they would have liked more information about how the data they provided would be used by the researchers. All participants reported that it was important to be provided with research incentives, and thought that small monetary or pre-paid phone cards were appropriate incentives. They did express concerns that larger research incentives could be coercive and harmful for some homeless young people. CONCLUSION: Researchers working with homeless young people should seek greater input from them on the overall design of the study, especially concerning the appropriate use of research incentives.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Mental health problems among homeless mothers: relationship to service use and child mental health problems.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of psychological distress and probable lifetime mental disorders among homeless mothers, their use of services, and the relationship between maternal and child mental health problems. METHOD: The study involved a cross-sectional assessment of 110 mothers and 157 children living in homeless shelters in Los Angeles County. RESULTS: The majority (72%) of sheltered homeless mothers reported high current psychological distress or symptoms of a probable lifetime major mental illness or substance abuse. However, few mothers (15%) in need of services received mental health care, and the main point of contact for those with a mental health problem was the general medical sector. Mothers with a probable mental disorder were also significantly more likely to have children with either depression or behavior problems. CONCLUSIONS: Homeless mothers have a high level of unmet need for mental health services. The relationship between maternal and child problems underscores the need for homeless family interventions that promote access to psychiatric care for both generations.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The Montefiore community children's project: a controlled study of cognitive and emotional problems of homeless mothers and children.

OBJECTIVES: This study compares the prevalence of emotional, academic, and cognitive impairment in children and mothers living in the community with those living in shelters for the homeless. METHOD: In New York City, 82 homeless mothers and their 102 children, aged 6 to 11, recruited from family shelters were compared to 115 nonhomeless mothers with 176 children recruited from classmates of the homeless children. Assessments included standardized tests and interviews. RESULTS: Mothers in shelters for the homeless showed higher rates of depression and anxiety than did nonhomeless mothers. Boys in homeless shelters showed higher rates of serious emotional and behavioral problems. Both boys and girls in homeless shelters showed more academic problems than did nonhomeless children. CONCLUSION: Study findings suggest a need among homeless children for special attention to academic problems that are not attributable to intellectual deficits in either children or their mothers. Although high rates of emotional and behavioral problems characterized poor children living in both settings, boys in shelters for the homeless may be particularly in need of professional attention.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Social correlates of malnutrition among Filipino street children.

This study has sought to identify subgroups of street children at high risk for nutritional deficiency in metropolitan Manila in the Philippines. A sample of 150 street children ages six through 18 were weighed, measured, and interviewed to establish nutritional parameters and to explore the interrelationships of nutritional status with social conditions. Two variables showed the highest association with low weight for age: children using drugs and children not in school. These variables should be seen as indicative of a range of variation among Filipino street children, in whom those on drugs and not in school represent the sector at greatest risk and one to which nutritional programs should be targeted.

Adolescent↗