Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Health Expenditures”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

National health accounts in developing countries: appropriate methods and recent applications.

Better information on the financing of the health sector is an essential basis for wise policy change in the area of health sector reform. Analysis of health care financing should begin with sound estimates of national health expenditure--total spending, the contributions to spending from different sources and the claims on spending by different uses of the funds. The member countries of the OECD have successfully established such comparative health expenditure accounts in terms of standardized definitions of the uses of funds and breakdowns by public and private sector sources. This has resulted in important research on health system differences which could explain variations in the level and composition of financing. The United States has developed a more detailed approach called National Health Accounts, which expands the OECD method into a more disaggregated 'sources and uses' matrix. In the developing countries, analysis of health expenditures has been much less systematic, despite several decades of calls by international researchers for more attention. This paper reviews previous work done in developing countries and proposes renewed attention to national health expenditures, adapting the recent experience of the United States. Because most developing countries have more pluralistic health financing structures than are found in most industrialized countries, an enhanced and adapted version of the 'sources and uses' matrix method is proposed. This method should be modified to address the relevant categories of expenditures prevalent in the developing countries. Examples of recent applications of such 'national health accounts' from the Philippines, Egypt, India, Mexico, Colombia and Zambia are presented. Experience to date suggests that development of sound estimates using this method in low and middle income countries is feasible and affordable. National health accounts estimates can significantly influence policy. They provide decision makers with a holistic picture of the health sector, showing the actual emphasis of spending and the roles of different payers. They also provide a consistent framework for modelling reforms and for monitoring the effects of changes in financing and provision. An easy to use software tool has been developed for training and data management. Regional networks of collaborating national groups are proposed as a first step in expanding use of the method and to gain both national and cross-national comparative benefits.

Accounting↗
PubMed1993

Effect of value-added utilities on prescription refill compliance and health care expenditures for hypertension.

A randomised trial was undertaken to discern the effect of pharmacy-based value-added utilities on prescription refill compliance with antihypertensive therapy and subsequent health care expenditures. The subjects were 304 Medicaid beneficiaries from the state of Florida, previously untreated for mild to moderate hypertension, prescribed 240 mg of calcium channel antagonist verapamil once daily and monitored regarding prescription refill compliance and health service utilisation for one year. Subjects provided informed consent and were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups: (1) the control cohort received standard pharmaceutical care with each dispensing of antihypertensive therapy, (2) the second cohort received standard pharmaceutical care and was mailed a medication-refill reminder ten days prior to each sequential refill date, (3) the third cohort received standard pharmaceutical care and was provided unit-of-use packaging with each prescription-refill request and (4) the fourth cohort received standard pharmaceutical care, mailed medication-refill reminders and unit-of-use packaging. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures revealed that patients receiving mailed prescription-refill reminders, unit-of-use packaging or a combination of both interventions achieved a significant (P < or = 0.05) increase in the Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) for antihypertensive therapy relative to controls. Receipt of both interventions resulted in a significant (P < or = 0.05) improvement in the MPR for antihypertensive therapy relative to all other groups no significant difference was discerned between groups receiving either mailed prescription-refill reminders or unit-of-use packaging.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1981

[Estimated health care expenditures for 'demented' patients].

The authors try to give a cost containment analysis of the health care costs spent on patients labelled as suffering from dementia (presenile, senile dementia, Alzheimer's disease, organic psychotic conditions, arteriosclerotic dementia, depressive and paranoid dementia and others). Due to the difficulties in defining dementia, only a rough impression of the costs can given. The total costs of intramural care in 1977-1978 were about of f 912,9 million/year ($ 456,4 million). Intramural care in the Netherlands includes general hospitals, psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes (longstay annexes) with a psychogeriatric ward. This is about 7% of all costs spent on intramural care in the Netherlands. Extramural, ambulatory care was estimated circa f 274 million ($ 137 million) and daycare centres in nursinghomes on f 2 million ($ 1 million). Extramural care is given by general practitioners, ambulant social psychogeriatric teams and community services delivered by public health nurses. The estimated total costs were circa f 1189 million ($ 594 million) or about 5% of the total costs spent on health care/year which is f 761 ($ 380)/elderly person and 0,4% of the national income. In contrast the expenses on scientific research in gerontology in the Netherlands--especially in the field of dementia--are almost nil. Dementia needs more attention than it receives today.

Aged↗