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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Monitoring of IL-6 levels in patients after total hip joint replacement].

Total hip replacement became a method of choice in treatment of the severe osteoarthritis. Despite the progress in constructing the implants and also the surgical technique, the number of complications rises together with the number of arthroplasties performed. The periprosthetic osteolysis and its consequence--the loosening is the one of the greatest problems of today's joint replacement. It creates the main obstacle for the long-term efficiency of the total hip arthroplasty. It was proved by the numerous research, wear debris of the implant induce the chronic periprosthetic inflammatory process. Many studies emphasize the influence of the proinflammatory cytokines on the bone metabolism. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the inflammatory process in patients with the severe osteoarthritis before the surgery and in subsequent periods after total hip replacements and also in patients with the aseptic loosening of the endoprosthesis, by the monitoring the levels of IL-6 in serum of the peripheral blood. The results suggest, that in patients following THA with the elevated level of IL-6, the inflammatory process was present. This inflammation may lead in future to the aseptic loosening of the implant.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical experience with a new hip-knee-ankle-foot orthotic system using a medial single hip joint for paraplegic standing and walking.

The Walkabout is a new hip-knee-ankle-foot orthotic (HKAFO) system with a medial single hip joint (MSH-KAFO) invented by S. McKay in 1992. Compared with other HKAFO systems, the hip joint part is compact and removable, so it has distinguishable, real merits: ease in donning and doffing the device, compatibility with a wheelchair, and cosmesis. We clinically tested five patients, paraplegic because of spinal cord injury, using the MSH-KAFO system. All were males, aged 26-36 yr old. Their functional levels were L-1 (2 cases), T-10 (2 cases), and T-5 (1 case). All patients could stand stably without crutches and walk in parallel bars immediately the first time they wore the braces. After a few hours of crutch-walking exercises, all could walk independently with Lofstrand crutches. Their walking velocities ranged from 10 to 37.5 (mean, 19.9) m/min at the follow-up points (mean, 7.1 mo). With four cases, we measured oxygen uptake for predictions of energy consumption. At comfortable walking, predicted energy consumptions were from 1.31 to 3.89 (mean, 2.75) METs. Compared with the data in literature, these seemed to be at the same level with normal walking and lower than the KAFOs walking level. Our results suggest that MSH-KAFO is a very convenient standing and walking device for paraplegics and is compatible with wheelchair use.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Volume of the ligamentum capitis femoris in osteoarthritic hip joints of adult dogs.

Ventrodorsal pelvic radiographs were made of 32 adult dogs under general anaesthesia. The hip joints were evaluated according to the severity of osteoarthritic changes graded as 0, 1, 2 or 3. The dogs were euthanased, the hip joints opened and the ligamentum capitis femoris dissected out in toto. The volume of each ligament was determined using a water displacement technique and the mean volume compared to the four radiographic grades of osteoarthritis. There was an inverse correlation (r = -0.75) between the mean volume of the ligamentum capitis femoris and the increasing severity of osteoarthritis as assessed by radiography. The results confirmed the crucial role of radiography in the clinical evaluation of hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis in the adult dog. Assessment of the volume of the ligamentum capitis femoris revealed that it is an important tool for research in canine hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The effect of porosity of articular cartilage on the lubrication of a normal human hip joint.

The effect of porosity of articular cartilage on the lubrication of a normal human hip joint has been studied. The poroelasticity equation of articular cartilage and the modified Reynolds equation for the synovial fluid lubricant have been successfully solved under squeeze-film motion and for the conditions experienced in a normal human hip joint. It has been shown that porosity of the articular cartilage depletes the lubricant film thickness, rather than increasing it, particularly when the lubricant film thickness becomes small. Furthermore, it has been shown that articular cartilage can be treated as a single-phase incompressible elastic material in the lubrication modelling under physiological walking conditions.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1986

Contact pressures in the human hip joint measured in vivo.

The pressures on human articular cartilage have been measured in vivo. An instrumented femoral head prosthesis that telemeters interarticular pressure at 10 discrete locations 253 times per second was implanted in apposition to natural acetabular cartilage. Data were acquired during surgery, recovery, rehabilitation, and normal activity, for longer than 1 year after surgery. Pressure magnitudes were synchronized with body-segment kinematic data and foot-floor force measurements so as to locate transduced pressure areas on the natural acetabulum and correlate movement kinematics and dynamics with local cartilage pressures. The data reveal very high local (up to 18 MPa) and nonuniform pressures, with abrupt spatial and temporal gradients, that correlate well both in magnitude and distribution with in vitro data and computer simulations of synovial joint mechanics. Peak pressures in vivo are, however, considerably higher than pressures measured in vitro under the putative forces experienced by the joint in life, particularly in normal movements where cocontraction occurs in agonist and antagonist muscles across the hip joint. Thus, extant gait-analysis studies which apply inverse Newtonian calculations to infer joint forces establish the lower limit on such forces, since such analyses include only the net muscular torques about the joint and cannot account for the contribution of the increment in joint force due to muscular cocontraction. Our data also contribute to the understanding of normal synovial joint tribology and the possible role of mechanical factors in the deterioration evident in osteoarthritis. Further, design criteria for both partial and total hip replacement prostheses and specific aspects of rehabilitation protocols following hip surgery (e.g., the extent to which crutches and canes unload the hip joint) warrant reconsideration in light of the extraordinary high pressures measured during the activities of daily living.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2002

[Compression dressing after hip joint replacement reduces the need of allogeneic blood transfusion].

Allogeneic blood transfusion may increase the risk for postoperative infections, allergic reactions and transmission of diseases. The aim with the present study was to evaluate the effect on blood saving with a new type of compression dressing after hip joint replacement surgery. 50 patients undergoing after hip joint replacement surgery were prospectively allocated to postoperatively get a standard dressing (n = 24) or the new type of a compression dressing (n = 26). The peroperative bleeding was similar in both groups. The need for allogeneic blood transfusions were significantly higher in the group of patients that got standard dressing. This study indicates that the compression dressing reduces the need for allogeneic blood transfusions after after hip joint replacement surgery.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed1984

Artificial replacement of the hip joint in severe coxarthroses secondary to acetabular dysplasia.

The reconstruction of hip joints is problematic in cases of subluxation coxarthrosis, since the dysplastic acetabulum's lack of depth does not primarily allow reliable anchorage of an acetabular prosthesis component. Since enlargement of the acetabulum by fraising is ruled out on biomechanical grounds, a suitable bed for the implant can only be created by reconstructing the roof of the acetabulum. Laterally supported osteoplasty has proved to be a suitable method for repairing dysplastic acetabular defects, involving screwing of autogenic or allogenic grafts firmly onto the acetabular margin. The radiological and clinical results of 70 hips followed up confirm the efficiency of the endoprosthetic acetabulum implanted by this method in cases of marked dysplastic coxarthrosis.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1978

[2nd Generaltion of the Munich hip-joint-simulator (author's transl)].

In addition to the improved, universal unsable, electronic-hydraulic directed hip-joint-simulator type "MUNCHEN I", a new simulator with simplified construction has been developed. This mechanical hip-joint-simulator is marked by a dual drive of movement and strain mechanism, that has been realized by a toothed belt drive. The adjustable, three-axial movement simulates level walking. According to its special, easier design the new simulator is highly adapted for comparative testing of total hip endoprostheses regarding the fields of quality improvement or standardization testing.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1997

Biomechanics of the hip joint and the effects of fracture of the acetabulum.

The biomechanical analysis of the normal and arthritic hip joint have been the subject of numerous publications in orthopaedics. Biomechanical investigations focusing on the effect of fractures of the acetabulum on the alteration of hip joint mechanics have been a recent development. This paper outlines currently available methodologies for simulating load across the hip, and as measuring articular contact and contact stresses. Results of investigations of posterior wall fractures and transverse fractures of the acetabulum are presented. Directions for future research in the area of mechanical investigations of acetabular fractures are discussed.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transient synovitis of the hip joint in children].

The character of the clinical course and outcome of transitory synovitis of the hip joint (TSHJ) in 89 patients have confirmed the working hypothesis concerning the role of viruses in the appearance of TSHJ. Active treatment of patients including the paracentetic decompression of the damaged hip joint abolishes the excessive intra-articular pressure, pain syndrome, prevents disturbances of blood circulation of the femur head.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Errors in diagnosis of children's hip joint using conventional X-ray technique (author's transl)].

X-rays of the hip joints in anteroposterior direction in adults and children should be made with the leg in the middle rotation position. But the middle position is different in children than in adults. In adults the patella should be facing directly upwards because from this position the leg can be rotated medially. In children of 3 to 8 years (or older), however, the leg can be rotated much further medially than it can be laterally. Thus in children the "middle rotation" position is one in which the leg is positioned more medially than would be the case with adults; the ideal position for X-ray is the one in which the leg can be rotated to the same extend medially and laterally. X-rays must be performed in this manner to prevent errors in judging children's hip joints. Examples of wrong diagnosis on the basis of conventional X-rays are demonstrated. Only with X-rays in the correct middle position can we arrive at reliable assessments of the hip.U

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2006

An unusual case of synovial cyst of the hip joint presenting as femoral vein compression and severe lower limb edema.

INTRODUCTION: Synovial cyst of the hip joint causing the compression of the femoral vein is a rare occurrence. We carefully reviewed the international literature collecting 26 additional cases. REPORT: A case of a patient affected with synovial cyst of the hip joint causing the compression of the femoral vein and severe lower limb edema is presented. DISCUSSION: The treatment of choice of synovial cyst compressing the femoral vein is surgical removal.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preliminary study on the use of ultrasonic transmission imaging to evaluate the hip joint in the immature dog.

Real-time ultrasonic transmission imaging presents an orthographic image of anatomy similar to that obtained with X-ray fluoroscopy. Transmission imaging allows visualization of the dynamic interaction of muscle, cartilage, bone, tendon and joints during selective palpation and movement. The hip joints of deceased dogs, 7-8 weeks of age, were sonographically evaluated at various levels of dissection and correlated with anatomic features. Wherever possible correlation was made qualitatively with radiographs of the pelvis and coxofemoral joints. Although some features of the hip could be imaged, ultrasonic transmission imaging will require additional research and development before it is proven to be a useful diagnostic adjunct in clinical veterinary medicine.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

A five-station hip joint simulator.

A five-station hip joint wear simulator was designed and built which featured simplified motion and loading. An elliptical wear path was produced using approximately sinusoidal motion in the flexion/extension and internal/external rotation axes and the dynamic loading approximated to a square wave. Five 28 mm diameter zirconia femoral heads articulated against ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene acetabular cups in 25 per cent bovine serum for 5 x 10(6) cycles. Gravimetric wear measurement was used with moisture absorption compensation using a dynamically loaded soak control. With motion of physiological magnitude, the mean acetabular cup wear rate was 52.2 mm3/10(6) cycles which is comparable with a number of clinical studies.

Hip Prosthesis↗
PubMed2004

[The limits of fluctuations of the laboratory findings in the preoperative period during uncomplicated revision endoprosthesing of the hip joint].

The revision endoprosthesis of the hip joint for aseptic loose components was performed in 482 patients (297 women and 185 men). Before operation the assessment of 44 laboratory indices was made which included clinical blood tests, investigation of the coagulating system, protein and mineral exchange, enzymatic activity and other biochemical criteria. The postoperative course was even, without variations. The work shows the limits of deviations of the parameters with respect to normal condition and gender. The authors believe that they can be considered as a variant of the clinically adequate reaction rather than as a criterion of the unfavorable prognosis of the postoperative course.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of hip joint forces in sheep, dog and man.

The hip joint forces of sheep and dogs were measured with instrumented endoprostheses and the results were compared with reported data concerning these forces in man. In all animals load directions with 0 to 30 degrees inclinations relative to the femoral axis predominated. The transverse components mostly acted from medio-ventral directions. While the force orientations varied little during each single stance phase, they changed rapidly during the swing phase. Strong inter- and intra-individual differences of load directions were found in all animals. Irregular forces, acting upwards or transverse to the femur, were frequently observed. Maximum joint forces were up to 110% of body weight and depended more on the postoperative time than on the walking speed. Load orientations in the animals were similar to those reported for man. In this regard sheep and dogs appear equally well suited for tests of hip endoprostheses for man.

Animals↗