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PubMedDate not supplied

Homophobia, hypermasculinity and the US black church.

Black churches in the USA constitute a significant source of the homophobia that pervades black communities. This theologically-driven homophobia is reinforced by the anti-homosexual rhetoric of black nationalism. Drawing on a variety of sources, this paper discusses the sources of homophobia within black communities, and its impact upon self-esteem, social relationships and physical health. Religion-based homophobia and black nationalism point to wider structures which have influenced their emergence, including racism, patriarchy and capitalism. It is vital for US black churches and communities to understand and transcend their longstanding resistance to openly addressing complex, painful issues of sexuality and embrace healthier definitions of black manhood.

Black or African American↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Black-White perception gap and health disparities research.

Reducing and eliminating racial and ethnic health disparities has become a national research priority. This research agenda requires new research frameworks that encompass the social determinants of health and the translation pathways of these social contexts into physiological morbidity. Within these sociobiological research frameworks, identity and emotions are seen as crucial links in the causal pathways from stressors to biological responses. In this country, the lived social reality of African American individuals is experienced through the color of their skin. Their identity is bound with the racial inequities of our society. It has been suggested that the emotions of anger and frustration resulting from this institutionalized racial discrimination are an emotional causative pathway to the pathophysiology contributing to the health disparities experienced by African Americans. However, as much as we espouse the concept of cultural competency in health care, until recently, there has been very little honest dialogue about how race and racism influences health. This article will explore the Black-White cultural perception gap and attempt to provide insight on the relationship to African American health and implications for health disparities research.

Black or African American↗
PubMed2004

A prospective investigation of the relationship between just-world beliefs and the desire for revenge after September 11, 2001.

We prospectively examined the relationship between individuals' belief in a just world and their desire for revenge against the perpetrators of the September 11 terrorist attacks against the United States. Eighty-three undergraduate students who had completed a measure of just-world beliefs prior to the terrorist attacks were assessed approximately 2 months following the attacks. The more strongly they had endorsed just-world beliefs prior to the attacks, the more distressed they felt about the attacks and the more they desired revenge. Furthermore, the relationship between belief in a just world and the desire for revenge was mediated by feelings of distress in response to the terrorist attacks. The results point to the importance of justice beliefs in understanding responses to the terrorist attacks.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure.

The high circulating concentrations of immunoassayable parathyroid hormone observed in chronic renal failure are due to a number of factors. These include altered metabolism of the hormone and also end-organ unresponsiveness which may, indirectly, cause increased secretion of parathyroid hormone. The response of the overactive parathyroid glands to changes in plasma calcium and magnesium is variable and caution is needed in evaluating the suppressibility of parathyroid hormone secretion in acute studies. 1alpha-Hydroxylated derivatives of vitamin D can effectively suppress parathyroid gland overactivity. This effect may not necessarily be medicated through hypercalcaemia and vitamin D metabolites may act directly on the parathyroid glands.

Calcium↗
PubMed1975

Hypertension and renal artery stenosis with aneurysm formation in a solitary kidney in a patient with neurofibromatosis.

A case of hypertension in a patient with neurofibromatosis and renal artery stenosis with aneurysm formation in a solitary kidney is described. Studies of plasma renin activity and body sodium content are presented and have been related to findings in patients and experimental animals with renovascular hypertension. A reconstructive operative procedure is described in which the kidney is perfused in situ.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The diagnosis of testicular swellings using water-path ultrasound.

Water-path ultrasound was used to investigate 29 patients with swellings of the testicle. When the swelling contained fluid, such as a hydrocele or a cyst of the epididymis, it was accurately depicted in the ultrasound scan. Seminomas appeared as anechoic areas which could not be distinguished from granulomatous orchitis, but were clearly different from the homogeneous echo pattern of the normal testis. The depiction of the epididymis was less clear. Water-path ultrasonography is a promising addition to our diagnostic armamentarium.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed2006

The death of a mind: a study of Shakespeare's Richard III.

Some of the most difficult aspects of our work involve our encounters with states of mind which are steeped in and spread violence. In these circumstances, we experience our best efforts to offer empathic presence and thought to avoid being assaulted and obliterated. In these instances, a figure from literature depicting the details in question may come to our aid. In the play popularly known as Richard III,William Shakespeare depicts how the state of mind which is etched by grievance and committed to revenge may impose the 'winter of (its) discontent' upon the sunny dispositions of others' healthy, integrated functioning. Shakespeare masterfully depicts Richard's cunning and malice, but he also illustrates how this vengeful state uses guile and 'changes of shape' to seduce its way past protective boundaries, utilizing the human qualities of trust, open-heartedness and longing as pathways for invasion, betrayal and emotional devastation. This paper will view excerpts of the play's text from a psychoanalytic perspective which suggests that several clear lessons about this obliterative state of mind may be gleaned: that grievance can only operate to spread grievance and destruction; that our open-hearted and trusting qualities do make us vulnerable to such invasion and betrayal, but that our humanity is also the only avenue for rescue from this plight. In addition a clear lesson is offered about the value of protected 'sanctuary', that is, mental space where our most potent tool in these circumstances, our discerning minds, might find residence.

Drama↗
PubMed2004

Nursing staff and nursing students' emotions towards homosexual patients and their wish to refrain from nursing, if the option existed.

Studies have reported that homosexual patients fear they will not receive adequate care if they openly show their sexual orientation, for example, when introducing their partner. The aims of this study were to investigate the emotions of nursing staff and nursing students, and possible relations to cultural background and gender, towards homosexual patients; whether nursing staff and nursing students would choose to refrain from nursing homosexual patients, if the option existed; and, if so, how they express their wish to refrain from nursing this group of patients. All participants received verbal and written information before the study started. Returning a completed questionnaire indicated a participant's tacit consent. Approval was obtained from the heads of departments and persons in charge of nursing and nursing assistant programmes. The study had a descriptive, comparative design, and an Affect Adjective Checklist (AAC) and specially designed Nursing Behaviour Questionnaire (NBQ) were used. The participants included nurses and assistant nurses from an infectious disease clinic, and students enrolled in a university nursing programme and upper secondary assistant nurses' training, all in central Sweden. The findings showed that both professional nursing staff (response rate 67%, n = 57), and students (response rate 62%, n = 165), expressed emotions of homophobic anger, homophobic guilt and delight. Groups with a cultural background other than Swedish expressed more homophobia. No gender differences were indicated for homophobic emotions. In the professional group, 36% would refrain from nursing for homosexual patients if given the option. The corresponding figure for the students was 9%. The limitations were that the sample was small and not randomly selected, and as participation was anonymous no follow-up could be done. It was concluded that the emotional factors of homosexual anger and homosexual guilt might be of value in helping to explain and predict attitudes towards homosexuals.

Adult↗